Etude en sciences sociales de grandes expéditions naturalistes contemporaines françaises,

social studies of sciences; Biodiversity inventories; systematicsInternational audienceCet article présente le projet de recherche interdisciplinaire, Expebiodiv visant à réaliser une étude interdisciplinaire des expeditions naturalistes contemporaines. Le cas étudié est celui du projet "La planète revisitée" qui est lancé pour 10 ans par le Museum d'Histoires Naturelle de Paris et l'ONG Pronatura International

Trayectorias y desafíos de la historiografía de los museos de historia natural en América Del Sur

Powerful tools of interchange and circulation of data and specimens, Natural History museums constituted themselves in several Latin-American countries, such as Argentine and Brazil as privileged loci of epistemic infrastructure since the nineteenth century. The museums gathered huge amounts of collections of surveys of territories and people, always proposed as comprehensive, ultimate and exhaustive endeavors, which made those institutions face the challenges of not only storing and displayng the collections and specimens but also how to order the latter in archives and catalogues that would make them intelligible. Problematizing issues already present in the nowadays consistent literature, including the Latin-American contribution, on museums, the paper discusses among other themes, the acritical identification between museums and the representation of nations and the recurrent notion of museums as place of memory. It proposes as a challenge to the new generation of scholar to ponder how to write these histories incorporating their human and non-human agents as well as the set of events and circunstances that generated their sucesses and failures.En el siglo XIX los museos de historia natural de América del Sur se constituyeron en instrumentos clave para el intercambio y la circulación de datos y especímenes y, en ese sentido, en loci privilegiados de la infraestructura de las ciencias y del saber. Almacenaron tal cantidad de objetos y colecciones que los organizadores de estas instituciones se enfrentaron al problema de cómo guardarlos y exhibirlos dándoles un orden que pudiera entenderse. Por eso, los museos no pueden separarse de la historia del papel, del archivo y de los catálogos. Este artículo repasa algunas cuestiones de la historiografía producida en las últimas décadas, discutiendo, entre otras cosas, la identificación acrítica entre museos, memoria y representación de la nación. A su vez, propone el desafío de cómo escribir la historia de los museos incorporando los agentes humanos y no humanos y el conjunto de circunstancias que sustentan sus éxitos y fracasos

Frank Lestringant, Le Huguenot et le Sauvage. L'Amérique et la controverse coloniale en France, au temps des guerres de religion

Bourguet Marie-Noëlle. Frank Lestringant, Le Huguenot et le Sauvage. L'Amérique et la controverse coloniale en France, au temps des guerres de religion. In: Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. 47ᵉ année, N. 4-5, 1992. pp. 917-920

Race et folklore. L'image officielle de la France en 1800

At the dawn of the 19th century a project to establish a « Statistique générale de la France » was conceived. The purpose was to draw an accurate picture of the country and its inhabitants at the end of the Revolution. Napoleon's prefects were made responsible for directing the survey département by département. Children of the Enlightenment, these untried observers availed themselves of the analytical categories of the physicians and the naturalists of the 18th century : they came up with topographically slanted descriptions of the French countryside, which saw human diversity as related to diversity of the landscape and ways of living. At the time, the view was that this environmentalist approach would afford a means of building a human science on a regional basis. But other premises, ideological and political, causes this project of an anthropogeographical kind to go off course ; in contrast to the multifarious France they observed, the prefects posited the image of an ideal France, one and homogeneous, where the others, be they peasants or people from Provence, had no place, except insofar as they would gradually conform to the urban and refined, national model. Their anthropological thinking borders on racism and is intolerant of difference.Bourguet Marie-Noëlle. Race et folklore. L'image officielle de la France en 1800. In: Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. 31ᵉ année, N. 4, 1976. pp. 802-823

Studi di storia delle esplorazioni, 18, Miscellanea di storia delle esplorazioni

Bourguet Marie-Noëlle. Studi di storia delle esplorazioni, 18, Miscellanea di storia delle esplorazioni. In: Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. 41ᵉ année, N. 4, 1986. pp. 871-872