2,432 research outputs found
Gauge Symmetry and Consistent Spin-Two Theories
We study Lagrangians with the minimal amount of gauge symmetry required to
propagate spin-two particles without ghosts or tachyons. In general, these
Lagrangians also have a scalar mode in their spectrum. We find that, in two
cases, the symmetry can be enhanced to a larger group: the whole group of
diffeomorphisms or a enhancement involving a Weyl symmetry. We consider the
non-linear completions of these theories. The intuitive completions yield the
usual scalar-tensor theories except for the pure spin-two cases, which
correspond to two inequivalent Lagrangians giving rise to Einstein's equations.
A more constructive self-consistent approach yields a background dependent
Lagrangian.Comment: 7 pages, proceedings of IRGAC'06; typo correcte
Bosonized noncommutative bi-fundamental fermion and S-duality
We perform the path-integral bosonization of the recently proposed
noncommutative massive Thirring model (NCMT) [JHEP0503(2005)037]. This
model presents two types of current-current interaction terms related to the
bi-fundamental representation of the group U(1). Firstly, we address the
bosonization of a bi-fundamental free Dirac fermion defined on a noncommutative
(NC) Euclidean plane \IR_{\theta}^{2}. In this case we show that the fermion
system is dual to two copies of the NC Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model. Next,
we apply the bosonization prescription to the NCMT model living on
\IR_{\theta}^{2} and show that this model is equivalent to two-copies of the
WZNW model and a two-field potential defined for scalar fields corresponding to
the global symmetry plus additional bosonized terms for the
four fermion interactions. The bosonic sector resembles to the one proposed by
Lechtenfeld et al. [Nucl. Phys. B705(2005)477] as the noncommutative
sine-Gordon for a {\sl pair} of scalar fields. The bosonic and fermionic
couplings are related by a strong-weak duality. We show that the couplings of
the both sectors for some representations satisfy similar relationships up to
relevant re-scalings, thus the NC bi-fundamental couplings are two times the
corresponding ones of the NC fundamental (anti-fundamental) and eight times the
couplings of the ordinary massive Thirring and sine-Gordon models.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex. References added. A general product has been considered in the conclusion section . Version to appear in
JHE
The good, the bad and the ugly .... of Horava gravity
I review the good, the bad and the ugly of the non-projectable versions of
Horava gravity. I explain how this non-relativistic theory was constructed and
why it was touted with such excitement as a quantum theory of gravity. I then
review some of the issues facing the theory, explaining how strong coupling
occurs and why this is such a problem for both phenomenology and the question
of renormalisability. Finally I comment on possible violations of Equivalence
Principle, and explain why these could be an issue for Blas et al's "healthy
extension". This paper was presented as a talk at PASCOS 2010 in Valencia.Comment: 7 page
Bigravity and Lorentz-violating Massive Gravity
Bigravity is a natural arena where a non-linear theory of massive gravity can
be formulated. If the interaction between the metrics and is
non-derivative, spherically symmetric exact solutions can be found. At large
distances from the origin, these are generically Lorentz-breaking bi-flat
solutions (provided that the corresponding vacuum energies are adjusted
appropriately). The spectrum of linearized perturbations around such
backgrounds contains a massless as well as a massive graviton, with {\em two}
physical polarizations each. There are no propagating vectors or scalars, and
the theory is ghost free (as happens with certain massive gravities with
explicit breaking of Lorentz invariance). At the linearized level, corrections
to GR are proportional to the square of the graviton mass, and so there is no
vDVZ discontinuity. Surprisingly, the solution of linear theory for a static
spherically symmetric source does {\em not} agree with the linearization of any
of the known exact solutions. The latter coincide with the standard
Schwarzschild-(A)dS solutions of General Relativity, with no corrections at
all. Another interesting class of solutions is obtained where and are
proportional to each other. The case of bi-de Sitter solutions is analyzed in
some detail.Comment: 25 pages. v3 Typos corrected, references added. v4 Introduction
extende
Testing Lorentz invariance of dark matter
We study the possibility to constrain deviations from Lorentz invariance in
dark matter (DM) with cosmological observations. Breaking of Lorentz invariance
generically introduces new light gravitational degrees of freedom, which we
represent through a dynamical timelike vector field. If DM does not obey
Lorentz invariance, it couples to this vector field. We find that this coupling
affects the inertial mass of small DM halos which no longer satisfy the
equivalence principle. For large enough lumps of DM we identify a (chameleon)
mechanism that restores the inertial mass to its standard value. As a
consequence, the dynamics of gravitational clustering are modified. Two
prominent effects are a scale dependent enhancement in the growth of large
scale structure and a scale dependent bias between DM and baryon density
perturbations. The comparison with the measured linear matter power spectrum in
principle allows to bound the departure from Lorentz invariance of DM at the
per cent level.Comment: 42 pages, 9 figure
Counterterms in semiclassical Horava-Lifshitz gravity
We analyze the semiclassical Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity for quantum scalar
fields in 3+1 dimensions. The renormalizability of the theory requires that the
action of the scalar field contains terms with six spatial derivatives of the
field, i.e. in the UV, the classical action of the scalar field should preserve
the anisotropic scaling symmetry ( ,
with ) of the gravitational action. We discuss the renormalization
procedure based on adiabatic subtraction and dimensional regularization in the
weak field approximation. We verify that the divergent terms in the adiabatic
expansion of the expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor of the scalar
field contain up to six spatial derivatives, but do not contain more than two
time derivatives. We compute explicitly the counterterms needed for the
renormalization of the theory up to second adiabatic order and evaluate the
associated functions in the minimal subtraction scheme.Comment: 8 page
On the consistency of the Horava Theory
With the goal of giving evidence for the theoretical consistency of the
Horava Theory, we perform a Hamiltonian analysis on a classical model suitable
for analyzing its effective dynamics at large distances. The model is the
lowest-order truncation of the Horava Theory with the detailed-balance
condition. We consider the pure gravitational theory without matter sources.
The model has the same potential term of general relativity, but the kinetic
term is modified by the inclusion of an arbitrary coupling constant lambda.
Since this constant breaks the general covariance under space-time
diffeomorphisms, it is believed that arbitrary values of lambda deviate the
model from general relativity. We show that this model is not a deviation at
all, instead it is completely equivalent to general relativity in a particular
partial gauge fixing for it. In doing this, we clarify the role of a
second-class constraint of the model.Comment: The wording has been revised in general, specially in abstract,
introduction and conclusions. No changes in results. Version published in
IJMP
Note About Hamiltonian Formalism of Healthy Extended Horava-Lifshitz Gravity
In this paper we continue the study of the Hamiltonian formalism of the
healthy extended Horava-Lifshitz gravity. We find the constraint structure of
given theory and argue that this is the theory with the second class
constraints. Then we discuss physical consequence of this result. We also apply
the Batalin-Tyutin formalism of the conversion of the system with the second
class constraints to the system with the first class constraints to the case of
the healthy extended Horava-Lifshitz theory. As a result we find new theory of
gravity with structure that is different from the standard formulation of
Horava-Lifshitz gravity or General Relativity.Comment: 17 pages, v.2. references added, v.3. typos corrected, references
adde
Bridging the ÎŒHz Gap in the Gravitational-Wave Landscape with Binary Resonances
Gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy is transforming our understanding of the Universe by probing phenomena invisible to electromagnetic observatories. A comprehensive exploration of the GW frequency spectrum is essential to fully harness this potential. Remarkably, current methods have left the ÎŒHz frequency band almost untouched. Here, we show that this ÎŒHz gap can be filled by searching for deviations in the orbits of binary systems caused by their resonant interaction with GWs. In particular, we show that laser ranging of the Moon and artificial satellites around the Earth, as well as timing of binary pulsars, may discover the first GW signals in this band, or otherwise set stringent new constraints. To illustrate the discovery potential of these binary resonance searches, we consider the GW signal from a cosmological first-order phase transition, showing that our methods will probe models of the early Universe that are inaccessible to any other near-future GW mission. We also discuss how our methods can shed light on the possible GW signal detected by NANOGrav, either constraining its spectral properties or even giving an independent confirmation
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