Differentiation of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 concentrations

Inhaltsverzeichnis fehlt

Consumer depletion alters seagrass resistance to an invasive macroalga

Few field studies have investigated how changes at one trophic level can affect the invasibility of other trophic levels. We examined the hypothesis that the spread of an introduced alga in disturbed seagrass beds with degraded canopies depends on the depletion of large consumers. We mimicked the degradation of seagrass canopies by clipping shoot density and reducing leaf length, simulating natural and anthropogenic stressors such as fish overgrazing and water quality. Caulerpa racemosa was transplanted into each plot and large consumers were excluded from half of them using cages. Potential cage artifacts were assessed by measuring irradiance, scouring by leaf movement, water flow, and sedimentation. Algal invasion of the seagrass bed differed based on the size of consumers. The alga had higher cover and size under the cages, where the seagrass was characterized by reduced shoot density and canopy height. Furthermore, canopy height had a significant effect depending on canopy density. The alteration of seagrass canopies increased the spread of C. racemosa only when large consumers were absent. Our results suggest that protecting declining habitats and/or restoring fish populations will limit the expansion of C. racemosa. Because MPAs also enhance the abundance and size of fish consuming seagrass they can indirectly promote algal invasion. The effects of MPAs on invasive species are context dependent and require balancing opposing forces, such as the conservation of seagrass canopy structure and the protection of fish grazing the seagrass

Una biografia per immagini

Life and work of screen-writer Enrico Medioli (b. 1925), following the criteria of Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (by Istituto Enciclopedia Italiana), tht is the top of Italian tools (I wrote several items for it)

Deicide and the Drama of the Holocaust: Gian Paolo Callegari’s Cristo ha ucciso (1948)

Gian Paolo Callegari’s prize-winning 1948 play, Cristo ha ucciso, marks an overlooked milestone in Italy’s response to the Holocaust. Among the earliest Italian creative works to confront the genocide of the European Jews, Callegari’s play challenged the legacies of anti-Semitism in European culture. Yet it also concealed the troubling history of its author’s own Fascist anti-Semitism. Exploring this apparent paradox, the present essay situates both play and playwright in the post-war Italian context. I argue that Cristo ha ucciso makes possible a substantial reconsideration of the public reckoning that attended news of the liberation of the death camps. This is because, with its provocative claim that Christian forgiveness had to be abandoned as an impediment to justice, Callegari’s play offered a radical alternative to the Christian humanist framework predominant in Italian narratives of the Second World War

Atmospheric fungal nanoparticle bursts.

Aerosol nanoparticles play an important role in the climate system by affecting cloud formation and properties, as well as in human health because of their deep reach into lungs and the circulatory system. Determining nanoparticle sources and composition is a major challenge in assessing their impacts in these areas. The sudden appearance of large numbers of atmospheric nanoparticles is commonly attributed to secondary formation from gas-phase precursors, but in many cases, the evidence for this is equivocal. We report the detection of a mode of fungal fragments with a mobility diameter of roughly 30 nm released in episodic bursts in ambient air over an agricultural area in northern Oklahoma. These events reached concentrations orders of magnitude higher than other reports of biological particles and show similarities to unclarified events reported previously in the Amazon. These particles potentially represent a large source of both cloud-forming ice nuclei and respirable allergens in a variety of ecosystems

Francesco da Barbarino y el Zibaldone Colocciano 3217

El códice Vat. Lat. 3217, perteneciente al humanista italiano Angelo Colocci, que pasó a la biblioteca de Fulvio Orsini (el cual escribe de su propia mano el título que lo encabeza: “Index verborum seu vocum collectus per Angelum Collotium ex Petrarca Siculo Rege Roberto Barbarino”2), es un manuscrito de 368 folios no numerados (la numeración, tipográfica, es posterior) que contiene índices de palabras ordenadas alfabéticamente3 y anotaciones, de mano de Colocci y de un copista, extraídos de los autores citados en el título, es decir, Petrarca, Siculi (índices extraídos del Vat. Lat. 4823), Roberto d’Anjou y Francesco da Barberino, además de un elenco de nombres de autores portugueses, catálogos de libros y referencias e incipit de composiciones de otros autores italianos4. Nuestra contribución a este congreso pretende centrarse en Francesco da Barberino, uno de los autores que merecen la atención de Angelo Colocci y de cuya obra se extraen los índices de palabras que encontramos entre los folios 265r y 299r del Vat. Lat. 3217. El porqué de este interés y un primer acercamiento a los términos anotados en los índices, bajo la etiqueta de Barbarino, serán el tema que nos va a ocupar a lo largo de las siguientes líneas5