Livestock rational use of Anaga Rural Park. Preliminary results

Anaga Rural Park is a natural protected space that is situated in the northeast of Tenerife isle in Canary Islands. With a 14.224 hectares, it’s characterised by high ecosystems diversity, debt to high incline that condition the coexistence of different ecological floors. This situation has determined the uses types of the local resources and the grazing. In this way, the study in the Anaga Rural Park, try to design specific strategy for the rational use of the natural resources in the zone. The methodology used is based on individuals interwievs and geographic information processing, with purpose to define the average stocking rate, annual distribution of stocking rate and animal production systems characteristics in Anaga Rural Park. After to analyse the secondary information, the interwievs realised and the direct observations of the productions systems, we have obtained enough data to locate the zone breed reality of the zone a make and unreliable outline of the production systems in Anaga.El Parque Rural de Anaga es un espacio natural protegido que se encuentra en el noreste de la Isla de Tenerife, en las Islas Canarias. Con unas dimensiones de 14.000 ha, se caracteriza por una alta diversidad de ecosistemas debido a las altas pendientes que condicionan la existencia de diferentes pisos ecológicos. Esto ha determinado las formas de aprovechamiento de los recursos locales en general y del pastoreo en particular. En este sentido, el estudio en el Parque Rural Anaga, trata de diseñar estrategias concretas para el uso racional de los recursos naturales en la zona. La metodología utilizada se basa en las entrevistas individuales y el tratamiento de información geográfica, con el fin de definir la Carga ganadera promedio, la distribución anual de la Carga ganadera y las características de los sistemas de producción animal en el Parque Rural de Anaga. Tras el análisis de la información secundaria, las entrevistas realizadas y la observación directa de los sistemas de producción, se han obtenido suficientes datos como para ubicarnos en la realidad ganadera de la zona y por tanto hacer un esbozo fiable de la situación de los sistemas de producción en Anaga

Livestock use research in canary protected areas. Methodology

Rural Parks are protected natural space included in the Protected Spaces Canary Law. Rural Park condition obliges to planning sustentable development, where the productivity and profitability complement with the sustentability, stability and equity. Anaga is situated in the Tenerife Isle northeast. With surface of 14.000 ha, is characterised by the high ecosystem diversity. Valle Gran Rey is situated in La Gomera Isle southeast. With surface approximately of 2.000 ha, is characterised by the presence of high productivity potential tableland. The study final result is strategy planning to adjust between livestock resources use and those resources potential with economical and ecological guidelines. Methodology is based on meticulous interview to farmers of each Park, to determine the Average Stocking Rate, its annual distribution and classification of production systems. Stoking Rate calculate is realised by livestock needs determination and supplementation determination, combined with treatment of geographical information to study of grazing zones. By unpredictable cuts, exclusion squares, transects and forage analysis is determined the Charge Capacity.Los Parques Rurales son espacios naturales protegidos recogidos en la Ley Canaria de Espacios Protegidos. La condición de Parque Rural obliga a plantear el desarrollo de forma sostenible, donde la productividad y rentabilidad se complementen con la sustentabilidad, estabilidad y equidad. Anaga está situado en el nordeste de la Isla de Tenerife. Con una superficie de aproximadamente 14.000 ha, se caracteriza por la alta diversidad de ecosistemas. Valle Gran Rey está situado en el suroeste de la Isla de la Gomera. Con una superficie aproximada de 2.000 ha, se caracteriza por la presencia de mesetas de alto potencial productivo. El resultado final del estudio es la definición de estrategias para el ajuste entre el uso de los recursos ganaderos y las posibilidades de dichos recursos con criterios de carácter económico y de carácter ecológico. La metodología se basa en la entrevista minuciosa de los ganaderos de cada uno de los Parques, haciendo hincapié en aquellos que realizan pastoreo, con el fin de determinar la carga ganadera promedio, su distribución anual y la caracterización de los sistemas de producción. El cálculo de la Carga ganadera se realiza mediante la determinación de las necesidades animales y la suplementación aportada, combinado con el tratamiento de información geográfica para el estudio de las zonas de pastoreo. Mediante la realización de cortes aleatorios, cuadros de exclusión, transectos y posterior analítica de muestras de plantas forrajeras, se determina la Capacidad de Carga ganadera

Atmospheric pollution in the ten most populated US cities. Evidence of persistence

The degree of persistence in daily PM25 and O3 in the ten most populated US cities, namely New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Phoenix, Philadelphia, San Antonio, San Diego, Dallas and San Jose is examined in this work. We employ a methodology based on fractional integration, using the order of integration as a measure of the degree of persistence. Using data for the time period from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020, our results indicate that fractional integration and long memory features are both present in all the examined cases, with the integration order of the series being constrained in the (0, 1) interval. Based on this, the estimation of the coefficients for the time trend produces results which are substantially different from those obtained under the I(0) assumption

Population structure of eleven Spanish ovine breeds and detection of selective sweeps with BayeScan and hapFLK

The goals of the current work were to analyse the population structure of 11 Spanish ovine breeds and to detect genomic regions that may have been targeted by selection. A total of 141 individuals were genotyped with the Infinium 50 K Ovine SNP BeadChip (Illumina). We combined this dataset with Spanish ovine data previously reported by the International Sheep Genomics Consortium (N = 229). Multidimensional scaling and Admixture analyses revealed that Canaria de Pelo and, to a lesser extent, Roja Mallorquina, Latxa and Churra are clearly differentiated populations, while the remaining seven breeds (Ojalada, Castellana, Gallega, Xisqueta, Ripollesa, Rasa Aragonesa and Segureña) share a similar genetic background. Performance of a genome scan with BayeScan and hapFLK allowed us identifying three genomic regions that are consistently detected with both methods i.e. Oar3 (150–154 Mb), Oar6 (4–49 Mb) and Oar13 (68–74 Mb). Neighbor-joining trees based on polymorphisms mapping to these three selective sweeps did not show a clustering of breeds according to their predominant productive specialization (except the local tree based on Oar13 SNPs). Such cryptic signatures of selection have been also found in the bovine genome, posing a considerable challenge to understand the biological consequences of artificial selection.Publishe

Evolution of the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Spain between March and November 2020: SEMI-COVID national registry

Objectives: Since the results of the RECOVERY trial, WHO recommendations about the use of corticosteroids (CTs) in COVID-19 have changed. The aim of the study is to analyse the evolutive use of CTs in Spain during the pandemic to assess the potential influence of new recommendations. Material and methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was conducted on adults hospitalised due to COVID-19 in Spain who were included in the SEMI-COVID- 19 Registry from March to November 2020. Results: CTs were used in 6053 (36.21%) of the included patients. The patients were older (mean (SD)) (69.6 (14.6) vs. 66.0 (16.8) years; p < 0.001), with hypertension (57.0% vs. 47.7%; p < 0.001), obesity (26.4% vs. 19.3%; p < 0.0001), and multimorbidity prevalence (20.6% vs. 16.1%; p < 0.001). These patients had higher values (mean (95% CI)) of C-reactive protein (CRP) (86 (32.7-160) vs. 49.3 (16-109) mg/dL; p < 0.001), ferritin (791 (393-1534) vs. 470 (236- 996) µg/dL; p < 0.001), D dimer (750 (430-1400) vs. 617 (345-1180) µg/dL; p < 0.001), and lower Sp02/Fi02 (266 (91.1) vs. 301 (101); p < 0.001). Since June 2020, there was an increment in the use of CTs (March vs. September; p < 0.001). Overall, 20% did not receive steroids, and 40% received less than 200 mg accumulated prednisone equivalent dose (APED). Severe patients are treated with higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%. Conclusions: Patients with greater comorbidity, severity, and inflammatory markers were those treated with CTs. In severe patients, there is a trend towards the use of higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Track A Basic Science

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138319/1/jia218438.pd