Geraniaceae

Hierbas anuales a perennes, muy ramificadas en la base, a veces acaules. Tallos desde postrados hasta erectos, pubescentes. Hojas estipuladas, simples (desde lobadas a pinnatipartidas) o pinnaticompuestas (raro bipinnatisectas). Pedúnculos bifloros (en ocasiones unifloros), o cimas umbeliformes terminales o axilares hasta de 10 flores. Flores actinomorfas. Sépalos 5, imbricados, múticos o mucronados, desiguales: 3 mayores muy pubescentes y los otros 2 glabrescentes, persistentes y algo acrescentes en el fruto. Pétalos 5, unguiculados y caedizos. Nectarios 5, alterni-pétalos. Estambres 10, en 2 ciclos, todos fértiles o el ciclo externo transformado en estaminodios; filamentos ensanchados, raro connados en la base; anteras versátiles. Ovario súpero, 5-carpelar, 5-locular, cada lóculo con 2 óvulos anátropos, péndulos y ± superpuestos; estilos 5 unidos en un rostro; ramas estigmáticas filiformes. Fruto esquizocárpico (regma), a la madurez se separa en 5 mericarpos monospermos, cada uno adherido al rostro estilar que se arquea o enrolla. Semillas exendospermadas; episperma foveolado o reticulado. Embrión curvo; cotiledones peciolados, foliáceos, obvolutos, con margen revoluto, mayores que la radícula cónica

Caracterización morfohistológica de frutos en especies argentinas de Lepechinia (Lamiaceae-Nepetoideae-Mentheae)

As part of an integral study of fruits belonging to native argentinean species of Lamiaceae, we conducted a research of LepechiniaWilld. native species (Lamiaceae-Nepetoideae-Mentheae). The aim of the present investigation was to perform a detailed morphohistological fruit characterization of L. floribunda, L. meyeniiand L. vesiculosaand evaluate the possible taxonomic value of these characters. We worked with fresh and herbarium material. The observations were made with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Shape, color and presence of the abscission scar waxes were the exomorphological diagnostic characters while abscission scar shape and position, and the surface SEM view of nutlets did not show differences for all three species. In terms of histology, L. floribundaand L. meyeniihave similar pericarp structure, differing only by the thickness of the layers. In contrast, L. vesiculosashows differences at the mesocarpComo parte de un trabajo integral en el cual se analizan los frutos de todas las especies nativas de Lamiaceae de Argentina, se realizó un estudio de LepechiniaWilld. (Lamiaceae-NepetoideaeMentheae). El objetivo de la presente investigación fue realizar una detallada caracterización morfohistológica de frutos de L. floribunda, L. meyeniiy L. vesiculosay evaluar el posible valor taxonómico de estos caracteres. Se trabajó con material fresco y material de herbario. Las observaciones se efectuaron con microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido. Los caracteres exomorfológicos diagnóstico resultaron ser la forma, color y presencia de ceras en el hilo cárpico; en tanto que la forma y posición del hilo cárpico y la ornamentación de la superficie de las núculas vista al MEB fueron constantes para las tres especies. En cuanto a la histología, L. floribunday L. meyeniiposeen pericarpo con similar estructura, distinguiéndose sólo por el grosor de las distintas capas. En cambio, en L. vesiculosase observan marcadas diferencias a nivel del mesocarpo

Solanaceae

Hierbas, subarbustos o arbustos, raro árboles, inermes o pocas veces armados. Indumento con pelos simples, diversamente ramificados, dendromorfos o estrella-dos, raro plantas glabras. Hojas alternas, simples, de lámina entera, lobada o aserrada hasta profundamente pinnatipartida, raro compuestas, pecíolo casi siempre, sin estípulas. Inflorescencias cimosas o racimosas, axilares o terminales, polimorfas, raro reducidas a una sola flor. Flores cíclicas, actinomorfas, a veces levemente zigomorfas, perfectas, excepcionalmente imperfectas por aborto de uno de sus ciclos fértiles, pentámeras. Cáliz tubuloso, campanulado o urceolado, gamosépalo, generalmente 5-lobado. Corola gamopétala, diversamente tubulosa o urceolada, hipocrateriforme, infundibuliforme, hasta rotada, con 5 lóbulos de prefloración valvar, valvar-induplicada, valvar-plicada, valvar-conduplicada, imbricada, imbricado-conduplicada, contorta o conduplicado-contorta. Estambres 5, generalmente libres entre sí, raro monadelfos por coalescencia; base de los filamentos soldada a la corola; anteras bitecas, basifijas, dorsifijas o ventrifijas, de dehiscencia longitudinal, a veces apical poricida, libres o levemente adnatas. Ovario súpero, raro semiínfero, por lo general sobre un disco nectarífero basal, 2-carpelar, 2-locular (a veces falsamente 4-locular, raro 3 ó 5-locular), óvulos 1-numerosos; estilo simple, desde corto hasta muy largo; estigma capitado o bilobado. Fruto baya, drupáceo con pirenos o cápsula. Semillas numerosas, aplanadas y lenticulares con testa foveolada y embrión curvado o anular, o bien semillas subglobosas, prismáticas o reniformes con embrión recto; endosperma abundante

Proposal of a water-quality index for high andean basins: application to the Chumbao river, Andahuaylas, Peru

Thewater fromthe high Andean rivers is peculiar due to its composition and the geomorphology of its sources, and naturally or anthropogenically contamination is not discarded along its course. This water is used for agriculture and human consumption, therefore knowing its quality is important. This research aimed to proposing and formulate a water-quality index for high Andean basins through the Delphimethod, and its application in the Chumbao River located in Andahuaylas-Peru. Forty-three water-quality parameters were evaluated through the Delphi method, and the water-quality index (WQIHA) was formulated with a weighted average of the weights of the selected parameters, it was compared with the WQI Dinius. For this purpose, ten sampling points were considered along the Chumbao River located between 4274 and 2572 m of altitude and theWQIHA was applied. In addition, field and laboratory analyses were carried out in 2018, 2019, and 2021, in dry and rainy seasons. Twenty parameters were grouped in the physicochemical sub-index (SIPC), heavy metals sub-index (SIHM), and organic matter sub-index (SIOM). Each group contributed with weights of 0.30, 0.30, and 0.40, respectively, for theWQIHA formulation. The SIPC and SIOM showed that the areas near the head of the basin presented excellent and good quality, while the urbanized areas were qualified as marginal to poor; SIHM reported good quality in all points and seasons. Regarding the WQIHA, the index shows good quality in the zones above 3184 m of altitude, contrasting with poor quality downstream, decreasing notably in both seasons, suggesting continuous degradation of the water body

Insights from Water Quality of High Andean Springs for Human Consumption in Perú

The headwaters of the high Andean basin in Peru accumulate water from the mist, rain, snow, and hail, and it is transported superficially and underground to low-lying areas, mostly used for drinkable purposes. The natural water in these areas might be altered due to legal and illegal mining extraction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the water quality for human consumption. Seventeen water samples were examined from Andahuaylas (A), San Jerónimo (S), Talavera (T), and Chiara (CH) districts located between 2813 and 4004 m altitude in the Andes. We used physic ochemical, microbiological, and metal parameters, and the results were compared to permissible levels established by the WHO and ECA-Peru to examine samples collected in the dry and rainy seasons in 2019. Application of principal component analysis (PCA) identified areas and conditioning parameters. Extractive mining activity influences the quality of springs due to the presence of metals, especially antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb), values of which are higher than values permissible for human consumption, being higher in the dry season (p < 0.05). In addition, the presence of cations and particulate matter affects physico-chemical parameters, for example turbidity. PCA showed that parameters for water characterization are season-independent, and water quality in the springs would be conditioned by the presence of metals, especially in Andahuaylas and Talavera zones, as well as the parameters that are associated with dissolved solids in the water (turbidity and fluorides). A frequent monitoring program of springs and groundwater is recommended, with the purpose to protect water from contamination and guarantee safe water availability in low-lying and urbanized areas

Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors

Background Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors. Results Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged. Conclusions Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.Peer reviewe

Proyecto, investigación e innovación en urbanismo, arquitectura y diseño industrial

Actas de congresoLas VII Jornadas de Investigación “Encuentro y Reflexión” y I Jornadas de Investigación de becarios y doctorandos. Proyecto, investigación e innovación en Urbanismo, Arquitectura y Diseño Industrial se centraron en cuatro ejes: el proyecto; la dimensión tecnológica y la gestión; la dimensión social y cultural y la enseñanza en Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño Industrial, sustentados en las líneas prioritarias de investigación definidas epistemológicamente en el Consejo Asesor de Ciencia y Tecnología de esta Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Con el objetivo de afianzar continuidad, formación y transferencia de métodos, metodología y recursos se incorporó becarios y doctorandos de los Institutos de investigación. La Comisión Honoraria la integraron las tres Secretarias de Investigación de la Facultad, arquitectas Marta Polo, quien fundó y María del Carmen Franchello y Nora Gutiérrez Crespo quienes continuaron la tradición de la buena práctica del debate en la cotidianeidad de la propia Facultad. Los textos que conforman las VII Jornadas son los avances y resultados de las investigaciones realizadas en el bienio 2016-2018.Fil: Novello, María Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Repiso, Luciana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Mir, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Brizuela, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Herrera, Fernanda. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Períes, Lucas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Romo, Claudia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Gordillo, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Andrade, Elena Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; Argentin

GWAS meta-analysis of over 29,000 people with epilepsy identifies 26 risk loci and subtype-specific genetic architecture

Epilepsy is a highly heritable disorder affecting over 50 million people worldwide, of which about one-third are resistant to current treatments. Here we report a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study including 29,944 cases, stratified into three broad categories and seven subtypes of epilepsy, and 52,538 controls. We identify 26 genome-wide significant loci, 19 of which are specific to genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE). We implicate 29 likely causal genes underlying these 26 loci. SNP-based heritability analyses show that common variants explain between 39.6% and 90% of genetic risk for GGE and its subtypes. Subtype analysis revealed markedly different genetic architectures between focal and generalized epilepsies. Gene-set analyses of GGE signals implicate synaptic processes in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the brain. Prioritized candidate genes overlap with monogenic epilepsy genes and with targets of current antiseizure medications. Finally, we leverage our results to identify alternate drugs with predicted efficacy if repurposed for epilepsy treatment