Reactive Oxygen Species in Skeletal Muscle Signaling

Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a ubiquitous phenomenon in eukaryotic cells' life. Up to the 1990s of the past century, ROS have been solely considered as toxic species resulting in oxidative stress, pathogenesis and aging. However, there is now clear evidence that ROS are not merely toxic species but also—within certain concentrations—useful signaling molecules regulating physiological processes. During intense skeletal muscle contractile activity myotubes' mitochondria generate high ROS flows: this renders skeletal muscle a tissue where ROS hold a particular relevance. According to their hormetic nature, in muscles ROS may trigger different signaling pathways leading to diverging responses, from adaptation to cell death. Whether a “positive” or “negative” response will prevail depends on many variables such as, among others, the site of ROS production, the persistence of ROS flow or target cells' antioxidant status. In this light, a specific threshold of physiological ROS concentrations above which ROS exert negative, toxic effects is hard to determine, and the concept of “physiologically compatible” levels of ROS would better fit with such a dynamic scenario. In this review these concepts will be discussed along with the most relevant signaling pathways triggered and/or affected by ROS in skeletal muscle

Sound Regular Corecursion in coFJ

The aim of the paper is to provide solid foundations for a programming paradigm natively supporting the creation and manipulation of cyclic data structures. To this end, we describe coFJ, a Java-like calculus where objects can be infinite and methods are equipped with a codefinition (an alternative body). We provide an abstract semantics of the calculus based on the framework of inference systems with corules. In coFJ with this semantics, FJ recursive methods on finite objects can be extended to infinite objects as well, and behave as desired by the programmer, by specifying a codefinition. We also describe an operational semantics which can be directly implemented in a programming language, and prove the soundness of such semantics with respect to the abstract one

Algunas reflexiones en torno al voluntariado universitario

Este capítulo de libro está basado en los resultados de un Proyecto de Voluntariado Universitario denominado GENERando Conexiones, aprobado y subsidiado por el Ministerio de Educación de la Nación a través de su Convocatoria 2012-2013 “La Universidad se conecta con la Igualdad”. El equipo que llevó adelante este proyecto es integrante del Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios sobre las Mujeres (CEIM-FHyA-UNR) y también participa en diferentes espacios académicos tales como Áreas de Investigación, Cátedras, Espacios Editoriales de Revistas Académicas, entre otros, desde donde vamos generando aportes a la construcción del conocimiento desde la perspectiva teórico metodológica de género, basada en las teorías feministas.Fil: Barbieri,Elena. Universidad Nacional de Rosario.Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. CEIM,Argentin

Occurrence and expression of virulence-related properties of Vibrio species isolated from widely consumed seadfood products

none5In this study, widely consumed fresh seafood products were examined for the presence of Vibrio spp. Thirteen percent of the samples examined were found to be contaminated with halophilic vibrios belonging to the species V. alginolyticus (81.48%),V. parahaemolyticus(14.8%) andV. choleraenon 0:1 (3.7%). A greater isolation frequency (18.9%) was found for mussels. Significant adhesiveness and strong cytotoxicity factors were revealed in a significant number of theVibriospp. isolated. These results confirm that the presence of Vibrio spp. in seafood products is common, and suggest that routine examination of such products for these pathogenic agents would be advisable.openW.BAFFONE; A. PIANETTI; F. BRUSCOLINI; E. BARBIERI; B. CITTERIOBaffone, Wally; Pianetti, Anna; Bruscolini, Francesca; Barbieri, Elena; Citterio, Barbar

Effect of storage on biochemical and microbiological parametersof edible truffle species

The effects of different storage treatments on the most common edible truffle species, such as Tuber magnatum and Tuber borchii (white truffles), Tuber melanosporum and Tuber aestivum (black truffles), were analysed. Biochemical and microbiological profiles were monitored, in order to evaluate possible alterations during truffle preservation. After harvesting, some fresh samples were kept at 4 C for 30 days, other samples were frozen at 20 C for one month, thawed and preserved at 4 C; the remainder were autoclaved. The biochemical parameters studied were sugar and protein content, the activity of some enzymes involved in the central metabolism of the fungi and the electrophoretic pattern of soluble proteins. Total mesophilic bacteria were also counted. The results obtained showed that the storage at 4 C is the treatment that best preserves the biochemical and microbiological characteristics of fresh truffles. Black truffles were more resistant to biochemical spoilage than the white ones, while T. magnatum was the most resistant to microbial spoilage

Rearing enhancement of Ovalipes trimaculatus (Crustacea: Portunidae) zoea I by feeding on Artemia persimilis nauplii enriched with alternative microalgal diets

The southern surf crab Ovalipes trimaculatus (de Haan, 1833) presents a high potential for aquaculture. In this study, we analyze the benefits of different dietary treatments on its molt success and fitness of larval stages. Artemia persimilis nauplii were enriched with monospecific (Nannochloropsis oculata, Tetraselmis suecica, Dunaliella salina, Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros gracilis) and multispecific (Mix) microalgal diets twice a day over a 48-h period. Mean total length (TL), growth instar number (I) and gut fullness rate (GFR) of nauplii showed significant differences between dietary treatments at several sampling times, optimal results being observed in those providing Mix. Artemia nauplii grown under most experimental dietary treatments reached the capture size limit for Ovalipes trimaculatus zoea I (700 µm) within 24 h. After that time interval, Mix-enriched nauplii were amongst those with higher protein contents. Ovalipes trimaculatus zoea I fed on Artemia nauplii enriched during 24 h under different dietary treatments showed significant differences in survival, inter-molt duration, molting success to zoea II and motility. Optimal results were observed in zoea I fed on Mix-enriched Artemia nauplii. This work not only represents a first step towards the dietary optimization for O. trimaculatus zoeae rearing but also provides the first results on the use of enriched A. persimilis.Fil: Martelli, Antonela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Barbieri, Elena Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Dima, Jimena Bernadette. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Baron, Pedro Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentin

Special Attention to Physical Activity in Breast Cancer Patients during the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: The DianaWeb Cohort

Recent evidence highlights that physical activity (PA) is associated with decreased recurrence risk, improved survival and quality of life for breast cancer (BC) patients. Our study aimed to explore patterns of increased/decreased PA, and sedentary behaviors among BC women of the DianaWeb cohort during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, and examined the association with residential locations, work changes, different modality used to increase PA, and quality of life. The study analyzed the questionnaires completed by the 781 BC women (age 54.68 ± 8.75 years on both December 2019 and June 2020. Results showed a decrease of 22%, 57%, and 26% for walking activity, vigorous activity, and total PA, respectively. Sitting/lying time increased up to 54.2% of the subjects recruited. High quality of life was associated with lower odds of being sedentary (p = 0.003). Our findings suggest that innovative health management fostering compliance with current guidelines for PA and active behavior should be implemented, especially in unpredictable emergency conditions

Sobre a questão dos princípios de construção das peças de A. P. Tchékhov.

Gostaríamos de apresentar o ensaio “Sobre a questão dos princípios de construção das peças de A. P. Tchékhov”, de Aleksandr Skafímov (1890 – 1968).  Um dos mais importantes teóricos e críticos literários soviéticos, Skaftímov, ainda inédito em português, destacou-se por seus trabalhos dedicados aos estudos da poética do folclore e da literatura clássica russa e, em especial, da linguagem dramática de Anton Tchékhov. Propondo uma abordagem inovadora e original à analise da composição das peças de Tchékhov em perspectiva da união fundamental entre forma e conteúdo, Skaftímov foi o primeiro a desvendar  algumas particularidades importantes dos “dramas de atmosfera” que nascem a partir de construção dos estados interiores dos personagens que, por sua vez, se tornam uma fonte indispensável dos típicos conflitos tchekhovianos que ficam velados e submersos em subtexto dramático. Neste ensaio de 1948  que se tornou uma referência para todos os estudos posteriores da poética dramática de Tchékhov, Skaftímov  baseia sua análise nas peças “Ivánov” (1887), “O silvano” (1889), “A gaivota” (1896), “Tio Vânia” (1899-1900), “Três irmãs” (1901) e “O jardim das cerejeiras” (1904).We would like to present the essay “On the question of the construction principles of A. P. Chekhov’s plays”, by Aleksandr Skafímov (1890 – 1968). One of the most important Soviet literary theorists and critics, Skaftimov, still unpublished in Portuguese, stood out for his works dedicated to the studies of the poetics of folklore and classical Russian literature and, in particular, the dramatic language of Anton Chekhov. Proposing an innovative and original approach to the analysis of the composition of Chekhov's plays from the perspective of the fundamental union between form and content, Skaftimov was the first to unveil some important particularities of the "atmosphere dramas" that are born from the construction of the characters' inner states which, in turn, become an indispensable source of the typical Chekhovian conflicts that are veiled and submerged in dramatic subtext. In this 1948 essay that became a reference for all subsequent studies of Chekhov's dramatic poetics, Skaftímov bases his analysis on the plays “Ivanov” (1887), “The Wood Demon” (1889), “The Seagull” (1896), “Uncle Vanya” (1899-1900), “Three Sisters” (1901) and “Cherry Orchard” (1904)