Biharmonic Riemannian submersions from 3-manifolds

An important theorem about biharmonic submanifolds proved independently by Chen-Ishikawa [CI] and Jiang [Ji] states that an isometric immersion of a surface into 3-dimensional Euclidean space is biharmonic if and only if it is harmonic (i.e, minimal). In a later paper [CMO2], Cadeo-Monttaldo-Oniciuc shown that the theorem remains true if the target Euclidean space is replaced by a 3-dimensional hyperbolic space form. In this paper, we prove the dual results for Riemannian submersions, i.e., a Riemannian submersion from a 3-dimensional space form of non-positive curvature into a surface is biharmonic if and only if it is harmonic

Developmental morphology of the small intestine in Yangzhou goslings

The objective of this study was to investigate the development of the weight and the morphological development of the small intestine in Yangzhou geese. The weight, length and perimeter of the small intestine, height and width of the villi, depth of the crypts were measured when geese were 1, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days of age. The results revealed that the weight of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (relative to the BW) increased, peaked on day 14 and tended to decline thereafter with age. The weight of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (relative to the BW) kept steady-going on 56, 42, 42 days, respectively. A 3-fold increase in length and 2-fold increase in perimeter for the three segments during the period were obtained. The duodenum increased little in length, whereas both jejunum and ileum increased 2 and 3-folds from 1 to 70 days examined. The increase in perimeter of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum was greater from day 1 to 14 than from day 14 to 28. The length and perimeter of the intestinal segments of the gastro-intestinal of Yangzhou geese (relative to the BW) peaked on day 1, then decreased with age and kept steady-going on 42 days, except the relative perimeter of the duodenum. The villus height, surface area and crypt depth in the small intestine were positively correlated with the age of the geese. The ratio of the villus height to the crypt depth (V/C) differed among the segments of the small intestine and at the different time points. The V/C in the ileum increased from day 1 to 70, whereas in the duodenum the ratio first decreased, then rose and descended. However, in the jejunum the ratio increased first, then dropped and rose again, and descended eventually.Key words: Geese, small intestine, morphology

Fatigue Damage Analysis of an Asphalt Mixture Based on Pseudostiffness

The fatigue damage characteristics of an asphalt mixture were analyzed, a new fatigue damage model was constructed based on the Schapery pseudovariable theory and continuum damage mechanics. According to the Schapery theory and the generalized elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle, the experimental stress–strain curves of the asphalt mixture are transformed into the stress vs. pseudostrain curves. The relation between stress and pseudostrain is shown to be linear, which eliminates the viscoelastic hysteresis effect of the asphalt mixture and its time dependence.Выполнен анализ характеристик усталостного повреждения битумной смеси. Построена новая модель усталостного повреждения на основании псевдопараметрической теории Шапери и механики повреждения сплошных сред. В соответствии с теорией Шапери и обобщенным принципом соответствия между упругими и вязкоупругими деформациями экспериментальные кривые напряжение–деформация для битумной смеси преобразуются в кривые напряжение–псевдодеформация. Показано, что последняя линейна, что устраняет вязкоупругий эффект гистерезиса битумной смеси и его временную зависимость

Stomach One-Point Cancer: One Case Report and Literature Review

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and one of themost frequent causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Early detection andaccurate preoperative staging of gastric cancer is essential for planning optimal therapy such as endoscopic mucosal resection or gastric resection and offers the best prognosis. With advanced technology in diagnostic instruments and the mass screening, early gastric cancer has been detected easier. One-point cancer of gastric is a special type of early gastric cancer[1]. Diagnosis of one-point cancer of gastric is important for both the immediate treatment and the prognosis. There is still no consensus on the operation extent and postoperative treatment for patients with one-point cancer of gastric. Learned from previous reports[2-5], we know that existed in the superfi cial layer of the gastric mucosa and the superfi cial ulcer is one of the important characteristics of one point cancer of gastric. Herein, we report a case of one point cancer of gastric with the appearance of a deep infi ltrating ulcer. To the best of our knowledge, no such type of one point cancer of gastric has been reported

Detection of herb-symptom associations from traditional chinese medicine clinical data

YesTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an individualized medicine by observing the symptoms and signs (symptoms in brief) of patients. We aim to extract the meaningful herb-symptom relationships from large scale TCM clinical data. To investigate the correlations between symptoms and herbs held for patients, we use four clinical data sets collected from TCM outpatient clinical settings and calculate the similarities between patient pairs in terms of the herb constituents of their prescriptions and their manifesting symptoms by cosine measure. To address the large-scale multiple testing problems for the detection of herb-symptom associations and the dependence between herbs involving similar efficacies, we propose a network-based correlation analysis (NetCorrA) method to detect the herb-symptom associations. The results show that there are strong positive correlations between symptom similarity and herb similarity, which indicates that herb-symptom correspondence is a clinical principle adhered to by most TCM physicians. Furthermore, the NetCorrA method obtains meaningful herb-symptom associations and performs better than the chi-square correlation method by filtering the false positive associations. Symptoms play significant roles for the prescriptions of herb treatment. The herb-symptom correspondence principle indicates that clinical phenotypic targets (i.e., symptoms) of herbs exist and would be valuable for further investigations

Identification of Sitobion avenae F. resistance and genetic diversity of wheat landraces from Qinling Mountains, China

The aphid Sitobion avenae F. is one of the most harmful pests of wheat growth in the world. A primary field screening test was carried out to evaluate the S. avenae resistance of 527 wheat landraces from Shaanxi. The results indicated that 25 accessions (4.74%) were resistant to S. avenae in the three consecutive seasons, of which accession S849 was highly resistant, and seven accessions were moderately resistant. The majority of S. avenae resistant accessions come from Qinling Mountains. Then, the genetic variability of a set of 33 accessions (25 S. avenae resistant and 8 S. avenae susceptible) originating from Qinling Mountains have been assessed by 20 morphological traits and 99 simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs). Morphological traits and SSRs displayed a high level of genetic diversity within 33 accessions. The clustering of the accessions based on morphological traits and SSR markers showed significant discrepancy according to the geographical distribution, resistance to S. avenae and species of accessions. The highly and moderately resistant landrace accessions were collected from the middle and the east part of Qinling Mountains with similar morphology characters, for example slender leaves with wax, lower leaf area, and high ear density. These S. avenae resistant landraces can be used in wheat aphid resistance breeding as valuable resources

Tunneling effects on impurity spectral function in coupled asymmetric quantum wires

The impurity spectral function is studied in coupled double quantum wires at finite temperatures. Simple anisotropy in the confinement direction of the wires leads to finite non-diagonal elements of the impurity spectral function matrix. These non-diagonal elements are responsible for tunneling effects and result in pronounced extra peak in the impurity spectral function up to temperatures as high as 20 K.Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev.

What Affects Social Attention? Social Presence, Eye Contact and Autistic Traits

Social understanding is facilitated by effectively attending to other people and the subtle social cues they generate. In order to more fully appreciate the nature of social attention and what drives people to attend to social aspects of the world, one must investigate the factors that influence social attention. This is especially important when attempting to create models of disordered social attention, e.g. a model of social attention in autism. Here we analysed participants' viewing behaviour during one-to-one social interactions with an experimenter. Interactions were conducted either live or via video (social presence manipulation). The participant was asked and then required to answer questions. Experimenter eye-contact was either direct or averted. Additionally, the influence of participant self-reported autistic traits was also investigated. We found that regardless of whether the interaction was conducted live or via a video, participants frequently looked at the experimenter's face, and they did this more often when being asked a question than when answering. Critical differences in social attention between the live and video interactions were also observed. Modifications of experimenter eye contact influenced participants' eye movements in the live interaction only; and increased autistic traits were associated with less looking at the experimenter for video interactions only. We conclude that analysing patterns of eye-movements in response to strictly controlled video stimuli and natural real-world stimuli furthers the field's understanding of the factors that influence social attention. © 2013 Freeth et al