A clinical study of large ovarian cyst with various presentations: prospective interventional study

Background: The definition of huge ovarian cysts is not well described in the literature. Some authors define large ovarian cysts as those that are more than 10 cm in diameter as measured by preoperative scans. An ovarian cyst is a common gynecological problem and is divided into two main categories; physiological and pathological. Aims and objectives of this study was to find out various presentations of large ovarian tumour.Methods: It was a prospective interventional study done for a period of two year from March 2015 to March 2017 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology as well as in Department of General Surgery. During the study period a total of 30 study participants were enrolled.Results: Majority of the study participants were in the age group of 18-28 years (66.66%) and 33.33% were in the age group of 28-38 years. Near about 33.33% were uncomplicated. Near about 33.33% presented with tortion, 7% with rupture of cyst, infection was seen in 13.33%. About 13.33% were malignant cyst.Conclusions: Large ovarian cysts are a clinical challenge for Gynaecologists. Quite a good number of these cases can end up with complications and hence, all of them have to be subjected to surgery

Bidirectional Power Flow between Solar-Integrated Grid to Vehicle, Vehicle to Grid, and Vehicle to Home

The increasing adoption of renewable energy sources, such as solar power, coupled with the growing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs), has opened up new opportunities for bidirectional power flow between various energy systems. This research paper explores the bidirectional power flow between a solar-integrated grid, electric vehicles, and residential homes. Specifically, it focuses on the benefits, challenges, and potential applications of power exchange between these entities. The paper discusses the technical aspects, economic implications, and environmental considerations of bidirectional power flow, highlighting the potential for enhanced grid stability, energy efficiency, and carbon footprint reduction. Additionally, the study addresses the impact of bidirectional power flow on grid infrastructure, smart grid technologies, and policy frameworks. By shedding light on the interplay between the solar-integrated grid, electric vehicles, and residential homes, this research paper aims to contribute to the advancement of sustainable and intelligent energy systems

Critical weather limits for paddy rice under diverse ecosystems of India

Rice yields are largely influenced by variability in weather. Here, we demonstrate the effect of weather variables viz., maximum and minimum temperatures, rainfall, morning and evening relative humidity, bright sunshine hours on the yield of rice cv. Swarna, grown across five rice ecologies of India through field experiments during kharif (wet) season (Jun-Sept.). Critical thresholds of weather elements were identified for achieving above average, average and below average yield for each ecology. The investigation could determine how different weather elements individually and collectively affect rice yield in different rice ecosystems of India. While a sudden increase in minimum temperature by 8-10 °C (> 30 °C) during reproductive period resulted in 40-50 per cent yield reduction at Mohanpur, a sudden decrease (< 20 °C) caused yield decline at Dapoli. The higher yields may be attributed to a significant difference in bright sunshine hours between reproductive phases of above-average and below-average yield years (ranging from 2.8 to 7.8 hours during P5 stages and 1.7 to 5.1 during P4 stages). Rice cultivar Swarna performed differently at various sowing dates in a location as well as across locations (6650 kg ha-1 at Dapoli to 1101 kg ha-1 at Samastipur). It was also found that across all locations, the above average yield could be associated with higher range of maximum temperature compared to that of below average yield. Principal component analysis explained 77 per cent of cumulative variance among the variables at first growth stage, whereas 70 per cent at second growth stage followed by 74 per cent and 66 per cent at subsequent growth stages. We found that coastal locations, in contrast to inland ones, could maximize the yield potential of the cultivar Swarna, due to the longer duration of days between panicle initiation to physiological maturity. We anticipate that the location-specific thresholds of weather factors will encourage rice production techniques that are climate resilient

2013 WSES guidelines for management of intra-abdominal infections

Peer reviewe

A clinical study of large ovarian cyst with various presentations: prospective interventional study

Background: The definition of huge ovarian cysts is not well described in the literature. Some authors define large ovarian cysts as those that are more than 10 cm in diameter as measured by preoperative scans. An ovarian cyst is a common gynecological problem and is divided into two main categories; physiological and pathological. Aims and objectives of this study was to find out various presentations of large ovarian tumour.Methods: It was a prospective interventional study done for a period of two year from March 2015 to March 2017 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology as well as in Department of General Surgery. During the study period a total of 30 study participants were enrolled.Results: Majority of the study participants were in the age group of 18-28 years (66.66%) and 33.33% were in the age group of 28-38 years. Near about 33.33% were uncomplicated. Near about 33.33% presented with tortion, 7% with rupture of cyst, infection was seen in 13.33%. About 13.33% were malignant cyst.Conclusions: Large ovarian cysts are a clinical challenge for Gynaecologists. Quite a good number of these cases can end up with complications and hence, all of them have to be subjected to surgery

Pectin Degradation in Fruit Juices by Pectinase from Meyerozyma sp. VITPCT75 Isolated from Phyllanthus emblica

This study aimed to identify and characterize a pectinase-producing novel yeast from the fermented juice of Phyllanthus emblica and apply the enzyme for fruit juice clarification. Among the five pectinase-producing yeasts, isolate-1 exhibited the highest pectinase activity and was further used in this study. Based on morphological, physiological, and 18S rRNA analyses, isolate-1 was recognized as a new strain sharing 99% sequence homology with other Meyerozyma strains and was thus designated as Meyerozyma sp. VITPCT75. The strain produced pectinase optimally at a temperature and pH of 25oC and 7, respectively. Maximum pectinase production was observed after 4-days incubation. The enzyme exhibited optimum activity at the temperature of 25 °C and pH 7.0. The enzyme was more stable at a temperature and pH of 20 °C and 7, respectively. Storage stability studies revealed that the enzyme was stable at -20 °C. The cell-free supernatant was partially purified using ammonium sulfate and solvent precipitation. Acetone at a concentration of 20% assured an adequate partial purification. The molecular weight of pectinase was determined as 6 kDa. The enzymatic metal ion preference-related studies revealed that Ca²z, Kz, Cu²z, Fe²z, and Ba²z ions enhanced, Ni²z ions moderately inhibited, and Mn²z ions intensely inhibited the enzymatic activity. Neither Na+ and Mg2+ ions nor EDTA affected the enzyme activity. When subjected to fruit juice clarification, the enzyme significantly reduced the viscosity of the juice

Monoallelically expressed noncoding RNAs form nucleolar territories on NOR-containing chromosomes and regulate rRNA expression

Out of the several hundred copies of rRNA genes arranged in the nucleolar organizing regions (NOR) of the five human acrocentric chromosomes, ~50% remain transcriptionally inactive. NOR-associated sequences and epigenetic modifications contribute to the differential expression of rRNAs. However, the mechanism(s) controlling the dosage of active versus inactive rRNA genes within each NOR in mammals is yet to be determined. We have discovered a family of ncRNAs, SNULs (Single NUcleolus Localized RNA), which form constrained sub-nucleolar territories on individual NORs and influence rRNA expression. Individual members of the SNULs monoallelically associate with specific NOR-containing chromosomes. SNULs share sequence similarity to pre-rRNA and localize in the sub-nucleolar compartment with pre-rRNA. Finally, SNULs control rRNA expression by influencing pre-rRNA sorting to the DFC compartment and pre-rRNA processing. Our study discovered a novel class of ncRNAs influencing rRNA expression by forming constrained nucleolar territories on individual NORs