Contribution of poor blood pressure control to strokes

No abstract available

Study of 42 and 85 GHz coupled cavity traveling-wave tubes for space use

Designs were formulated for four CW, millimeter wavelength traveling-wave tubes having high efficiency and long life. Three of these tubes, in the 42 to 44 GHz frequency region, develop power outputs of 100 to 300 watts with overall efficiencies of typically 45 percent. Another tube, which covers the frequency range of 84 to 86 GHz, provides a power output of 200 watts at 25 percent efficiency. The cathode current density in each design was 1A/sq cm. Each tube includes: metal-ceramic construction, periodic permanent magnet focusing, a two step velocity taper, an electron beam refocusing section, and a radiation cooled three-stage depressed collector. The electrical and mechanical design for each tube type is discussed in detail. The results of thermal and mechanical analyses are presented

Solar Flare Impulsive Phase Emission Observed with SDO/EVE

Differential emission measures (DEMs) during the impulsive phase of solar flares were constructed using observations from the EUV Variability Experiment (EVE) and the Markov-Chain Monte Carlo method. Emission lines from ions formed over the temperature range log T = 5.8 - 7.2 allow the evolution of the DEM to be studied over a wide temperature range at 10s cadence. The technique was applied to several M- and X-class flares, where impulsive phase EUV emission is observable in the disk-integrated EVE spectra from emission lines formed up to 3 - 4 MK, and we use spatially-unresolved EVE observations to infer the thermal structure of the emitting region. For the nine events studied the DEMs exhibited a two component distribution during the impulsive phase, a low temperature component with peak temperature of 1 - 2 MK, and a broad high temperature one from 7 - 30 MK. A bimodal high temperature component is also found for several events, with peaks at 8 and 25 MK during the impulsive phase. The origin of the emission was verified using AIA images to be the flare ribbons and footpoints, indicating that the constructed DEMs represent the spatially-average thermal structure of the chromospheric flare emission during the impulsive phase.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2012

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant

Kynurenine pathway inhibition reduces central nervous system inflammation in a model of human African trypanosomiasis

Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is caused by the protozoan parasites <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> or <i>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense</i>, and is a major cause of systemic and neurological disability throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Following early-stage disease, the trypanosomes cross the blood-brain barrier to invade the central nervous system leading to the encephalitic, or late stage, infection. Treatment of human African trypanosomiasis currently relies on a limited number of highly toxic drugs, but untreated, is invariably fatal. Melarsoprol, a trivalent arsenical, is the only drug that can be used to cure both forms of the infection once the central nervous system has become involved, but unfortunately, this drug induces an extremely severe post-treatment reactive encephalopathy (PTRE) in up to 10% of treated patients, half of whom die from this complication. Since it is unlikely that any new and less toxic drug will be developed for treatment of human African trypanosomiasis in the near future, increasing attention is now being focussed on the potential use of existing compounds, either alone or in combination chemotherapy, for improved efficacy and safety. The kynurenine pathway is the major pathway in the metabolism of tryptophan. A number of the catabolites produced along this pathway show neurotoxic or neuroprotective activities, and their role in the generation of central nervous system inflammation is well documented. In the current study, Ro-61-8048, a high affinity kynurenine-3-monooxygenase inhibitor, was used to determine the effect of manipulating the kynurenine pathway in a highly reproducible mouse model of human African trypanosomiasis. It was found that Ro-61-8048 treatment had no significant effect (P = 0.4445) on the severity of the neuroinflammatory pathology in mice during the early central nervous system stage of the disease when only a low level of inflammation was present. However, a significant (P = 0.0284) reduction in the severity of the neuroinflammatory response was detected when the inhibitor was administered in animals exhibiting the more severe, late central nervous system stage, of the infection. <i>In vitro</i> assays showed that Ro-61-8048 had no direct effect on trypanosome proliferation suggesting that the anti-inflammatory action is due to a direct effect of the inhibitor on the host cells and not a secondary response to parasite destruction. These findings demonstrate that kynurenine pathway catabolites are involved in the generation of the more severe inflammatory reaction associated with the late central nervous system stages of the disease and suggest that Ro-61-8048 or a similar drug may prove to be beneficial in preventing or ameliorating the PTRE when administered as an adjunct to conventional trypanocidal chemotherap

Pengaruh Karakteristik Komite Audit, Fee Audit, Ukuran Kap, dan Internal Auditor terhadap Ketepatan Waktu (Timeliness) Pelaporan Keuagan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan yang Listing di Bei Tahun 2013)

This study aimed to examine the effect of audit committee characteristics, audit Fees, Public Accountant's Size, and the existence of internal auditor toward timeliness. Characteristic of audit committee can be seen from size of audit committee, frequency of audit committee meeting, and financial expertise of audit committee. The population in this study is all firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange periode 2013. Sample of this research is 80 firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange periode 2013 that selected by using purposive sampling method. Data analysis using logistic regression at levels significance 5%. The result showed that the number of financial expertise on the audit committee, Public Accountnt's size, and the existence of internal auditor significantly affect timeliness of financial reporting of the firm, while variable the size of audit committee, frequency of audit committee meeting, Audit Fees not have an affect to timeliness of financial reporting of the firm listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013

Fast field-cycling NMR of cartilage : a way toward molecular imaging

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Radiative hydrodynamic modelling and observations of the X-class solar flare on 2011 March 9

We investigated the response of the solar atmosphere to non-thermal electron beam heating using the radiative transfer and hydrodynamics modelling code RADYN. The temporal evolution of the parameters that describe the non-thermal electron energy distribution were derived from hard X-ray observations of a particular flare, and we compared the modelled and observed parameters. The evolution of the non-thermal electron beam parameters during the X1.5 solar flare on 2011 March 9 were obtained from analysis of RHESSI X-ray spectra. The RADYN flare model was allowed to evolve for 110 seconds, after which the electron beam heating was ended, and was then allowed to continue evolving for a further 300s. The modelled flare parameters were compared to the observed parameters determined from extreme-ultraviolet spectroscopy. The model produced a hotter and denser flare loop than that observed and also cooled more rapidly, suggesting that additional energy input in the decay phase of the flare is required. In the explosive evaporation phase a region of high-density cool material propagated upward through the corona. This material underwent a rapid increase in temperature as it was unable to radiate away all of the energy deposited across it by the non-thermal electron beam and via thermal conduction. A narrow and high-density ($n_{e} \le 10^{15}$ cm$^{-3}$) region at the base of the flare transition region was the source of optical line emission in the model atmosphere. The collision-stopping depth of electrons was calculated throughout the evolution of the flare, and it was found that the compression of the lower atmosphere may permit electrons to penetrate farther into a flaring atmosphere compared to a quiet Sun atmosphere.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure

Scattering of Woods-Saxon Potential in Schrodinger Equation

The scattering solutions of the one-dimensional Schrodinger equation for the Woods-Saxon potential are obtained within the position-dependent mass formalism. The wave functions, transmission and reflection coefficients are calculated in terms of Heun's function. These results are also studied for the constant mass case in detail.Comment: 14 page