104 research outputs found
Chemical polymorphism of essential oils from populations of Laurus nobilis grown on Tunisia, Algeria and France.
The compositions of the essential oils isolated from the aerial parts of tree Mediterranean populations of Laurus nobilis L. collected during the flowering phase on Tunisia, Algeria and France, were studied by GC and GC-MS. The analysis has allowed identifying 54 components. The main components were 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate (10-18.6%), methyl eugenol (10-22.1%), sabinene (1.2-8%), eugenol (1.2-11.7%) α-pinene (tr-4.5%) and ÎČ-pinene (0.4-4.2%). The monoterpene fraction was dominant in all the oils analysed and consisted mainly of oxygenated monoterpenes. The oils from the tree populations studied showed a clear chemical polymorphism. The principal component and the hierarchical cluster analyses separated the Laurus nobilis leaf essential oils into three groups
Thrombophlebite du sinus caverneux dâorigine otogene : a propos dâun cas
But : Nous illustrons un cas de thrombophlĂ©bite du sinus caverneux compliquant une oto-mastoĂŻdite. Nous Ă©tudions Ă la lumiĂšre de la littĂ©rature les difficultĂ©s diagnostiques et lâimportance de la mise en oeuvre dâun traitement prĂ©coce et adaptĂ© afin dâĂ©viter les sĂ©quelles ultĂ©rieures. Observation : Il sâagit dâun enfant ĂągĂ© de 14 ans, qui avait prĂ©sentĂ© une exophtalmie avec oedĂšme palpĂ©bral bilatĂ©ral et une baisse de lâacuitĂ© visuelle dâaggravation progressive au dĂ©cours dâun Ă©pisode otitique. Lâexamen avait objectivĂ© une paralysie faciale pĂ©riphĂ©rique droite et Ă lâotoscopie un tympan droit bombĂ© congestif.La TDM avait mis en Ă©vidence une thrombophlĂ©bite du sinus caverneux associĂ©e Ă un abcĂšs cĂ©rĂ©bral et Ă un abcĂšs rĂ©tropharyngĂ© avec une oto-mastoĂŻdite homolatĂ©rale. Le malade a Ă©tĂ© traitĂ© par une antibiothĂ©rapie Ă large spectre associĂ©e Ă une hĂ©parinothĂ©rapie, avec mastoĂŻdectomie droite et drainage de lâabcĂšs rĂ©tro-pharyngĂ©. LâĂ©volution a Ă©tĂ© marquĂ©e par la rĂ©gression totale de la paralysie faciale, avec repermĂ©abilisation du sinus caverneux et disparition totale de lâabcĂšs temporal au contrĂŽle scannographique. Le patient a gardĂ© comme seule sĂ©quelle une cĂ©citĂ© mono oculaire gauche. Conclusion : La thrombophlĂ©bite du sinus caverneux est une affection rare, surtout dans son origine otogĂšne elle doit ĂȘtre diagnostiquĂ©e et traitĂ©e le plutĂŽt possible, afin de prĂ©venir les sĂ©quelles ou dâobtenir la rĂ©gression de ces derniĂšres. Le traitement doit associer une antibiothĂ©rapie Ă large spectre, les anticoagulants et un drainage chirurgical appropriĂ© du foyer septique.Mots-clĂ©s : ThrombophlĂ©bite du sinus caverneux, Otite moyenne aiguĂ«, complication
Evaluation of effectiveness and safety of hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130 kDa/0.4) in burn resuscitation
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Mediterranean Sea response to climate change in an ensemble of twenty first century scenarios
The Mediterranean climate is expected to become warmer and drier during the twenty-first century. Mediterranean Sea response to climate change could be modulated by the choice of the socio-economic scenario as well as the choice of the boundary conditions mainly the Atlantic hydrography, the river runoff and the atmospheric fluxes. To assess and quantify the sensitivity of the Mediterranean Sea to the twenty-first century climate change, a set of numerical experiments was carried out with the regional ocean model NEMOMED8 set up for the Mediterranean Sea. The model is forced by airâsea fluxes derived from the regional climate model ARPEGE-Climate at a 50-km horizontal resolution. Historical simulations representing the climate of the period 1961â2000 were run to obtain a reference state. From this baseline, various sensitivity experiments were performed for the period 2001â2099, following different socio-economic scenarios based on the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios. For the A2 scenario, the main three boundary forcings (river runoff, near-Atlantic water hydrography and airâsea fluxes) were changed one by one to better identify the role of each forcing in the way the ocean responds to climate change. In two additional simulations (A1B, B1), the scenario is changed, allowing to quantify the socio-economic uncertainty. Our 6-member scenario simulations display a warming and saltening of the Mediterranean. For the 2070â2099 period compared to 1961â1990, the sea surface temperature anomalies range from +1.73 to +2.97 °C and the SSS anomalies spread from +0.48 to +0.89. In most of the cases, we found that the future Mediterranean thermohaline circulation (MTHC) tends to reach a situation similar to the eastern Mediterranean Transient. However, this response is varying depending on the chosen boundary conditions and socio-economic scenarios. Our numerical experiments suggest that the choice of the near-Atlantic surface water evolution, which is very uncertain in General Circulation Models, has the largest impact on the evolution of the Mediterranean water masses, followed by the choice of the socio-economic scenario. The choice of river runoff and atmospheric forcing both have a smaller impact. The state of the MTHC during the historical period is found to have a large influence on the transfer of surface anomalies toward depth. Besides, subsurface currents are substantially modified in the Ionian Sea and the Balearic region. Finally, the response of thermosteric sea level ranges from +34 to +49 cm (2070â2099 vs. 1961â1990), mainly depending on the Atlantic forcing
Metabolic Syndrome: a challenging health Issue in highly urbanized Union Territory of north India
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Objectives</p> <p>1. To determine the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in adults aged 18 years and above in Chandigarh, India. 2. To determine the socio-demographic factors associated with MS. 3. To determine the agreement between IDF (International Diabetes federation definition) and ATP-III (National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults criteria).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a community based cross-sectional study, total 605 subjects aged 18 yrs and above were studied using multistage random sampling.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome was estimated by using IDF and ATP-III criteria. By IDF, Metabolic Syndrome was found in 287 (47.4%) subjects and it was more prevalent among females 171 (59.6%) as compared to males 116 (40.4%). By applying ATP-III overall prevalence was less i.e. 233 (38.5%) but again its prevalence was more among females 141 (44.8%) than males 116 (39.5%). Higher socioeconomic status, sedentary occupation and high body mass index were significantly associated with Metabolic Syndrome.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Metabolic Syndrome is a major health problem in the region and proper emphasis should be given on its prevention and control.</p
Decreasing Prevalence of the Full Metabolic Syndrome but a Persistently High Prevalence of Dyslipidemia among Adult Arabs
A decade has passed since metabolic syndrome (MetS) was documented to be highly prevalent in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. No follow-up epidemiologic study was done. This study aims to fill this gap. In this cross-sectional, observational study, a total of 2850 randomly selected Saudi adults aged 18â55 years were recruited. Subjects' information was generated from a database of more than 10,000 Saudi citizens from the existing Biomarkers Screening in Riyadh Program (RIYADH Cohort), Saudi Arabia. Anthropometrics included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, as well as waist and hip circumferences. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were determined using routine laboratory procedures. The definition of ATP-III (NHANES III) was used for the diagnosis of the full MetS. The overall prevalence of complete MetS was 35.3% [Confidence-Interval (CI) 33.5â37.01]. Age-adjusted prevalence according to the European standard population is 37.0%. Low HDL-cholesterol was the most prevalent of all MetS risk factors, affecting 88.6% (CI 87.5â89.7) and hypertriglyceridemia the second most prevalent, affecting 34% (CI 32.3â35.7) of the subjects. The prevalence of the full MetS decreased from previous estimates but remains high, while dyslipidemia remains extremely high, affecting almost 90% of middle-aged Arabs. Screening for dyslipidemia among Saudi adults is warranted, especially among those most at risk. Scientific inquiry into the molecular causes of these manifestations should be pursued as a first step in the discovery of etiologic therapies
Metabolic syndrome: definitions and controversies
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder defined by a cluster of interconnected factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. Currently, several different definitions of MetS exist, causing substantial confusion as to whether they identify the same individuals or represent a surrogate of risk factors. Recently, a number of other factors besides those traditionally used to define MetS that are also linked to the syndrome have been identified. In this review, we critically consider existing definitions and evolving information, and conclude that there is still a need to develop uniform criteria to define MetS, so as to enable comparisons between different studies and to better identify patients at risk. As the application of the MetS model has not been fully validated in children and adolescents as yet, and because of its alarmingly increasing prevalence in this population, we suggest that diagnosis, prevention and treatment in this age group should better focus on established risk factors rather than the diagnosis of MetS
Bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in PPFIBP1 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, epilepsy, and periventricular calcifications
PPFIBP1 encodes for the liprin-ÎČ1 protein, which has been shown to play a role in neuronal outgrowth and synapse formation in Drosophila melanogaster. By exome and genome sequencing, we detected nine ultra-rare homozygous loss-of-function variants in 16 individuals from 12 unrelated families. The individuals presented with moderate to profound developmental delay, often refractory early-onset epilepsy, and progressive microcephaly. Further common clinical findings included muscular hyper- and hypotonia, spasticity, failure to thrive and short stature, feeding difficulties, impaired vision, and congenital heart defects. Neuroimaging revealed abnormalities of brain morphology with leukoencephalopathy, ventriculomegaly, cortical abnormalities, and intracranial periventricular calcifications as major features. In a fetus with intracranial calcifications, we identified a rare homozygous missense variant that by structural analysis was predicted to disturb the topology of the SAM domain region that is essential for protein-protein interaction. For further insight into the effects of PPFIBP1 loss of function, we performed automated behavioral phenotyping of a Caenorhabditis elegans PPFIBP1/hlb-1 knockout model, which revealed defects in spontaneous and light-induced behavior and confirmed resistance to the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor aldicarb, suggesting a defect in the neuronal presynaptic zone. In conclusion, we establish bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in PPFIBP1 as a cause of an autosomal recessive severe neurodevelopmental disorder with early-onset epilepsy, microcephaly, and periventricular calcifications
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