Turner syndrome and associated problems in turkish children: A multicenter study

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population. Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014. Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosi) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%. Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespan. © Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology

Evaluation of the effect of anodization-colored titanium abutments and zirconia substructure thickness on zirconia substructure color: An in vitro study

Background and Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of anodized titanium abutments and zirconia substructure thickness on the color of zirconia substructure. Materials and Methods: In this study, an electrochemical anodization setup was prepared for titanium coloring. Commercial titanium, anodization-colored yellow and pink titanium, and zirconia were used as different abutment specimens. Thirty zirconia discs in 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 mm thickness were prepared from zirconia blocks as zirconia substructure specimens (n = 10). Zirconia substructure specimens of different thicknesses were placed on abutment specimens of different colors and L∗, a∗, b∗ values were measured with a spectrophotometer device. Color difference (ΔE) was calculated according to the CIELab formula by comparing the L∗, a∗, and b∗ values obtained on the zirconia abutment with the L∗, a∗, and b∗ values obtained on the other abutments. Statistical analyzes were performed with two-way analysis of variance and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD)test (p < 0.05). Results: The increase in the thickness of the substructure resulted in a statistically significant difference on ΔE, L∗, a∗, and b∗ values (p < 0.001). The effect of abutment color had no significant effect on ΔE values. The highest ΔE value was 18.10 at zirconia substructure with 0.7 mm thickness when paired with pink-anodized titanium abutment specimens. Conclusion: The thickness of zirconia substructure and the color of titanium abutments affect zirconia substructure color

Mizahin sinirlari: “gülme”nin memleketi olur mu?

2-s2.0-85091249468The human of 21st century, although the situation they laugh change over time, maintain a sense of humor that develops both collectively and individually, as their ancestors did. This phenomenon, which we divide into many genres such as irony, wit, mockery, satire, parody, grotesque, etc. but generally called as humor and concludes with a "laugh" situation, is based on reasons such as superiority, relaxation and incompatibility by humor theorists. The "laugh" forms created by this humorous situation have been depicted as aristocratic, folk, cynical, cheerful, carnival, natural and artificial smile by thinkers since ancient times. Regardless of its cause and effect, although the mental and emotional foundations are universal components, the work of humor built on these foundations maintains its originality and variability for every nation. Because the hero of humor is human and basically reflects a social phenomenon. Humor, since it is created by filtering the contexts such as culture, memory, cognition and language, needs to be examined by taking into account these variables. Because these contexts guide the marketing and advertisement strategies of the countries, the world of cinema and television, education, literature and other broadcasting life, even politics and the usage of the humor element in these areas. The effect that humor wants to create and expects from its interlocutor can only be achieved through the discovery of the codes that these contexts refer to. The humor that we can analyze thanks to these codes, which we can process to the extent that cultural and linguistic contexts offer us, has a serious theoretical structure in the background, although it seems close to the comic one. In this study, a detailed theoretical framework on “humor” and “laughter” is aimed and the bases of differences in countries' sense of humor are emphasized. These differences have been tried to be conveyed through cultural, memory-based, linguistic and cognitive contexts, and supported by examples from both countries' humorous understanding and structures supporting this understanding. As a conclusion, it is seen that the importance of humor and its components changed from culture to culture because the reasons of the need of each society to create humor are different. Humor is universal because it needs to be present in every society as a social phenomenon and requires some cognitive processes in the human mind to complete its formation. It is also local because societies have different cultural and linguistic codes and therefore do not share the same humor. Even in the case of an individual form of laughter, the humorous situation is a communicative metaphor based on responding to a person, situation or text, and has assumed the task of supporting social life by meeting the expectations of individuals. In addition, it is concluded that the collective and individual processes of humor feed each other and need each other to grasp constitution of humor. © 2020, Milli Folklor Dergisi. All rights reserved

Popular culture texts in education: The effect of tales transformed into children's media on critical thinking and media literacy skills

This study focuses on the effect of using postmodern tale films, which are based on the transformation of a text and enable multiple reading, as an educational tool on critical thinking and media literacy skills. In the study, which was structured as an embedded mixed design in order to achieve this aim, qualitative data were embedded in the experimental intervention and it was aimed that one data type play a supporting role for the other. The study group consists of 43 students studying at the 7th grade in an official secondary school in the province of Mus, in the fall semester of the 2021–2022 academic year. During the 8-week application period, while activities designed with media contents including the transformation of tales were practiced in the experimental group (n = 21), activities in the current Turkish textbook were practiced in the control group (n = 22). In this period, “critical thinking skills test” developed by Eğmir and Ocak (2016), “media literacy scale sensitive to entertainment purpose” developed by the authors, semi-structured interview forms, and semi-structured observation form were used as data collection tools. It was concluded that the application designed with activities in which media contents containing tale transformations were used made a significant difference in favor of the experimental group on critical thinking and media literacy skills of students. In addition to this, observations made during these activities and products created by students showed that reflective and creative thinking skills were also positively affected in relation to critical thinking and media literacy skills. Quantitative data showing the results of these effects are supported by qualitative data helping to understand in which direction and how these effects occur. © 2022 Elsevier Lt

Investigations of in vitro selection for salt tolerant lines in sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.)

The present study was conducted to create new stable somaclonal variants of sour orange in citrus. Embryogenic calli of Citrus aurantium that used widely as a rootstock were successfully used in vitro selection for salt tolerance, Calli were cultured on basal MT medium containing three different concentrations of NaCl 100, 200 and 300 mmol. A great number of salt tolerant cell lines were isolated evaluating some morphological aspects of the callus material then, totally 67 plantlets were obtained from embryoids of these selected callus clusters from selective medium containing of 100 mmol NaCl. Further attempts should be made to support the level of salt tolerance through physiological and biochemical analysis. © 2009 Asian Network for Scientific Information