Rise and shine for eating right: the link between healthy nutrition and chronotype among young adults

AimMany studies have examined the relationship between chronotype and general health. Because healthy eating is the basis of health aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between healthy nutrition attitudes and chronotype in young adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,400 young adults (936 females and 464 males). Chronotype was assessed by the Turkish version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) was applied by face-to-face interview. Furthermore, 24-h dietary recall was collected. The scores of nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were calculated. The anthropometric measurements including body weight and height were taken.ResultsThe chronotype distribution of participants according to the MEQ score and MAR score were not significantly different between females and males (p > 0.05). The percentage of participants with high healthy eating attitude was lowest in the evening chronotype and highest in the morning chronotype (49.7, 37.7 and 25.4% in morning-, intermediate-, evening-types, respectively; p = 0.000 for all groups according to the reciprocal comparisons). There was a positive correlation of the MEQ scores with the scores of ASHN (r = 0.282, p < 0.01). ASHN score was shown to be a predictor for MEQ score (β = 0.280, p = 0.000). Moreover, the score of “poor eating habits” was shown to be highest in the evening chronotype and lowest in the morning chronotype (14.9 ± 3.0 and 13.1 ± 3.0, respectively; p < 0.01).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that individuals with the evening chronotype are more deficient in terms of healthy nutrition attitudes. Further studies with larger populations will potentially guide the development of health promotion strategies to prevent and treat chronic diseases based on an individual’s chronotype

Evaluation of dietary quality of adolescents using Healthy Eating Index

The aim of this study was to use the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to assess diet quality and determine the relationship between the HEI-2005 and the energy and nutrient intakes of adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,104 healthy adolescents, mean age of 15.8 ± 1.24 years. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-hour dietary recall method, and dietary quality was assessed by means of the HEI-2005. Diet quality scores ranged from 23.7 to 77.5. The mean score was found to be 51.5 ± 9.07 according to the HEI-2005. There were no differences according to gender; 42.8% had a poor diet and 57.2% had a diet that needs improvement. No subjects had a "good diet". Lower mean subgroup scores were found for whole grains, total vegetables, total fruits, dairy products, and meat and beans. Fruits and vegetables scores were significantly high in girls, whereas sodium, oil, and meat and beans scores were significantly high in boys. Total HEI-2005 scores were increasingly associated with parental education level when age and gender were adjusted. There was a negative correlation between HEI-2005 scores and age, total energy intake, and fat intake. Positive correlation was only observed in the HEI-2005 scores for protein and dietary fibre intakes. Consequently, the overall diet quality and nutritional habits of Turkish adolescents need modification and improvement. In the family, measures should be initiated by the government, including advertisements and campaigns

Are anthropometric measurements an indicator of intuitive and mindful eating?

Purpose Intuitive eating and mindful eating are new approach eating behaviors. Assessing the relationship of some anthropometric measurements to intuitive eating and mindful eating. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study. Adults aged 19-45 living in the center of Ankara the capital of Turkey. 250 volunteers (68 men and 182 women) aged 19-45 years. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire contained the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2), Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ-30) and Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Anthropometric measurements were performed by the researchers themselves. Between-group analyses were performed to test statistical differences and relationships. Results There was a positive correlation between IES-2 and MEQ-30 scores (r = 0.477; p = 0.000), indicating that the higher the IES-2 scores, the higher the MEQ-30 scores. IES-2 scores and BMI were negatively correlated (p < 0.05) and also MEQ-30 scores were negatively correlated with waist-to-height ratio and BMI (r = - 0.143; p = 0.024, r = - 0.159; p = 0.012). The higher the "disinhibition" and "control of eating," the lower the body weight, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and BMI was found. Conclusions It was concluded that the more the intuitive eating, the more the mindful eating. And also it is suggested that anthropometric measurements might be an indicator of intuitive eating and mindful eating

Thermal process contaminants by frying and ıt’s health effects

Kızartma yöntemi, bilinen en eski pişirme yöntemlerinden biridir. Kızartılmış besinler lezzet, renk, doku ve görünüm gibi organoleptik ve duyusal özellikleri sayesinde tüketiciler tarafından sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Kızartmada kullanılan yağın türü, yağ asidi bileşimi ve niteliği oldukça önemlidir. Çünkü kızartma süresince sıcaklık, nem ve oksijene bağlı olarak birçok kimyasal reaksiyon meydana gelmektedir. Bu reaksiyonların ilerlemesi ile ısıl proses kirleticileri olarak adlandırılan ve kanser başta olmak üzere obezite, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi birçok sağlık problemi ile ilişkilendirilen; akrilamid, 3-kloropropan-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), glisidil esterleri (GE), polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlar (PAH), trans yağ asitleri (TYA) ve furanlar oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, güncel araştırmalar doğrultusunda kızartma amaçlı kullanılan yağ türlerini ve bileşimini incelemek, kızartma işlemi sonucunda oluşan ısıl proses kirleticilerinin sağlık üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir.Frying is one of the oldest known cooking methods. Fried foods are frequently preferred by consumers due to their organoleptic and sensory properties such as flavor, color, texture, and appearance. The type, fatty acid composition, and quality of the oils used in frying are very important. Because during frying, many chemical reactions occur depending on temperature, humidity, and oxygen. With the progression of these reactions, acrylamide, 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), glycidyl esters (GE), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), trans fatty acids (TFAs) and furans, which are called thermal process contaminants, are formed. These compounds are associated with many health problems such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, especially cancer. The aim of this review is to examine the oils used in deep-frying in the light of current research and to evaluate the health effects of thermal process contaminants formed during deep-frying

The nutritional status of nurses working shifts: A pilot study in Turkey

Objective This study was carried out to determine the nutritional status of shift-working female nurses at a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Methods A total of 110 volunteer female nurses (n=56 control group, n=54 study group) were included in the study. A questionnaire with a three day food record collected the study data. Results The mean daily energy intake of the study group was higher than that of the control group (1756 +/- 659 kcal versus 1694 +/- 431 kcal, p>0.05). While the carbohydrate intake (196.3 +/- 85.5 g versus 185.9 +/- 54.7 g) and fat intake (79.5 +/- 29.5 g versus 77.1 +/- 22.6 g) were higher in the study group, the protein intake was higher in the control group (59.4 +/- 17.6 g versus 57.6 +/- 21.6 g). The mean iron intake was statistically higher in the control group (10.6 +/- 2.9 mgversus 10.0 +/- 4.0 mg, p<0.05). Conclusion To improve night shift workers' performance and nutritional status it is important to provide accessible, healthy, and quality food services

Intuitive eating in youth: Its relationship with nutritional status

WOS: 000456284100005Objective To determine intuitive eating in young adults and the effects of factors such as gender, Body Mass Index and dietary intake, and dietary adequacy on intuitive eating. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with students at Gazi University in Ankara (N=665; 17.6% men; 82.4% women). The questionnaire, including the general characteristics, anthropometric measurements, Intuitive Eating Scale-2, and 24-H Dietary Recall sections, were applied to all participants. For the evaluation of the diet, Nutrient Adequacy Ratio and Mean Adequacy Ratio were used. Results The mean Intuitive Eating Scale-2 score was 3.2 +/- 0.33; men's and women's scores were 3.3 +/- 0.37 and 3.2 +/- 0.32, respectively (p<0.05). According to linear regression analysis, gender, age and mean adequacy ratio had an effect on the model for the score (p<0.05). In addition, there was a negative correlation between Intuitive Eating Scale-2 scores and Body Mass Index values in women (r(p) =-0.095, p=0.026). Conclusions The intuitive eating scores varied according to gender, dietary adequacy and age. Intuitive eating may be effective in the formation of long-term behavioral changes, which is beneficial for the treatment of obesity. The result of this study may encourage the development of this behavior in groups (may vary according to gender), that is thought to be effective by considering the changes of intuitive eating behavior