Architektura Miasto Piękno tom 2

"Wydział Architektury Politechniki Krakowskiej zawsze był miejscem pełnym osobowości, indywidualności, talentów. Gdy profesorowie i mistrzowie odchodzili z Wydziału, mieliśmy świadomość, że tu nigdy już nie będzie tak samo. Wydział jednak trwał i trwa jak piękno miasta, które jest przecież dziełem zbiorowym, o nakładających się warstwach, wzmacniających i tworzących jego tożsamość. Tak też kolejne pokolenia kontynuują i budują historię Wydziału. Wydział pełen jest wspomnień i anegdot. W fotografiach, księgach, obrazach, meblach kryją się opowieści."(...

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Between the mandatory and public participation

Rzecz będzie przedstawiona na przykładzie dwu podstawowych instrumentów zarządzania krajobrazem kulturowym – miejscowego planu zagospodarowania przestrzennego i parku kulturowego – porównanych do form ochrony przyrody. Ustanowienie statusu parku kulturowego w roku 2003, było przez planistów długo oczekiwane z nadzieją, na choćby częściowe wyrównanie szans ochrony krajobrazu kulturowego, wobec istniejących od dawna możliwości ochrony krajobrazu przyrodniczego.The subject is presented as two examples of legal instruments of protection of cultural landscape in Poland, which are: establishing the protection zones within the master plan and legal status: “The Cultural Park”. Both of the mentioned tools, belong to the competence of the local government. It means, that decisions are made by the local council by voting. At the end of the year 2005, only 15 % of Polish local government have prepared master plans for their territories (as it is nonobligatory). According to the Malopolska Regional Plan, 242 areas fulfilled the criteria to be nominated as “The Cultural Park”. Nevertheless, up to the end of 2007, none have been established. It means that the majority of Polish local governments are not interested in physical planning as such, and are far from protecting cultural sites within their boundaries.Therefore the degradation of cultural landscape occurs. As the cultural landscape is a domain of local government, therefore is inadequate. On the other hand, carrying for the natural landscape is the duty of national government and it is realized mainly by governmental laws and regulations, therefore it is much more effective. Till now we have 1320 natural reserves, 120 landscape parks and 23 national parks – under the national government jurisdiction. The protection of cultural landscape in Poland is still to difficult for local governments or/and for local communities, and must be supported by appropriate laws and regulations preferably at the national level

Once upon a time in Polytechnic

"W 1961 roku spotkaliśmy się na sali rysunkowej. Wojtek przyszedł na studia z ksywą „Bazyli”, był chwilowo ostrzyżony na jeża i podobnie jak ja – absolwent męskiego wyłącznie gimnazjum – rozglądał się za pięknem w architekturze. Później zainteresował się też geometrią wykreślną, w czym istotną rolę odegrało to, iż przedmiot ten prowadził wówczas profesor Szerszeń, niegdysiejszy asystent profesora Bartla – a więc sami Lwowiacy. Rodzice Wojtka często wspominali przedwojenne czasy i Wojtek, choć zaledwie zdążył urodzić się we Lwowie, zawsze o tym pamiętał."(...

The phenomenon of urban sprawl in modern Poland: Causes, effects and remedies

Objectives: The objective of this article is to identify the reasons for the emergence of urban sprawl in Poland, with particular reference to selected medium-sized cities in the Małopolska voivodeship, located at different distances from Kraków. The second objective of this article is to indicate the awareness of the authorities of these cities of the influence of the core city (Kraków) and their efforts to use this phenomenon for their own developmental goals. Research Design & Methods: Documents defining the socio-economic development policies of Limanowa, Niepołomic and Nowy Targ were used for the analysis, as well as selected quantitative data indicating the direction and strength of the urban sprawl. An important element of this article is an indication of the consequences of this phenomenon and remedies for public administration of various levels in Poland. The model of gravitational potential was utilised as the research basis. Contribution / Value Added: As an added value, an attempt should be made to indicate the relation between the values of indicators and the policy of local development (actions of local authorities to eliminate negative effects of the urban sprawl phenomenon). Implications / Recommendations: Although the urban sprawl phenomenon is involuntary (and ubiquitous), it can be controlled, and the lack of actions to control consequences will make them even more acute. Solutions should be systemic in nature and implemented at the level of central administration in Poland, but the attitude of local authorities is also important. In addition, the influence of Kraków on its functional surroundings has a different strength and character. From the point of view of local authorities, it is important to diagnose strength and character (positive or negative) in order to properly choose the direction of the given city’s development policy

Heterogeneous effect of aging temperature on the fatigue life of additively manufactured thin-walled 18Ni300 maraging steel tubular specimen

Optimizing the geometry for material savings, or heat transfer, can yield thin-walled additively manufactured parts. A wall thickness of only a few hatching spaces can be fabricated using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). However, the unmachined surface quality and subsurface defects in the low-thickness wall put the load-bearing capacity of the manufactured part under scrutiny. This study aimed to determine the fatigue and quasi-static strengths of nominally 0.5-mm thick tubular specimens of LPBF 18Ni300 maraging steel with respect to the aging temperature (AT). The experimental tests were conducted on six batches of unmachined specimens: non-aged and age-hardened for 6 h at different temperatures, i.e., 450, 470, 490, 530, and 585 °C. The void distribution and specimen surface were characterized using X-ray micro-computed tomography. The heterogeneous effect of AT on fatigue life was recognized by a novel application of the Gaussian process for regression. The mechanical properties of a 0.5-mm thick tubular specimen were equal to or higher than those of a full cross-section specimen. Furthermore, the optimal AT to obtain the highest fatigue strength was 520 °C for low-cycle fatigue, decreasing to 480 °C for high-cycle fatigue

Ultrasound renal denervation for hypertension resistant to a triple medication pill (RADIANCE-HTN TRIO): a randomised, multicentre, single-blind, sham-controlled trial

International audienc

Cardiac myosin activation with omecamtiv mecarbil in systolic heart failure

BACKGROUND The selective cardiac myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil has been shown to improve cardiac function in patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. Its effect on cardiovascular outcomes is unknown. METHODS We randomly assigned 8256 patients (inpatients and outpatients) with symptomatic chronic heart failure and an ejection fraction of 35% or less to receive omecamtiv mecarbil (using pharmacokinetic-guided doses of 25 mg, 37.5 mg, or 50 mg twice daily) or placebo, in addition to standard heart-failure therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of a first heart-failure event (hospitalization or urgent visit for heart failure) or death from cardiovascular causes. RESULTS During a median of 21.8 months, a primary-outcome event occurred in 1523 of 4120 patients (37.0%) in the omecamtiv mecarbil group and in 1607 of 4112 patients (39.1%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86 to 0.99; P = 0.03). A total of 808 patients (19.6%) and 798 patients (19.4%), respectively, died from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.11). There was no significant difference between groups in the change from baseline on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom score. At week 24, the change from baseline for the median N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level was 10% lower in the omecamtiv mecarbil group than in the placebo group; the median cardiac troponin I level was 4 ng per liter higher. The frequency of cardiac ischemic and ventricular arrhythmia events was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection, those who received omecamtiv mecarbil had a lower incidence of a composite of a heart-failure event or death from cardiovascular causes than those who received placebo. (Funded by Amgen and others; GALACTIC-HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02929329; EudraCT number, 2016 -002299-28.)