Web page navigation analyses for marketing management decision-making

While the design principles for effective web page navigation are well-known, marketing management does not consistently require application of these principles in web page design. Furthermore, few organisations base their decision-making processes on thorough data analysis. On-line communication differs from traditional communication, and web page design should include adherence to ergonomic design principles and be informed by user behaviour data

Development of powder diffraction apparatus for small-angle X-ray scattering measurements

A novel type of X-ray collimation system attached to commercial powder diffractometers makes the structural characterization of nanomaterials possible in a wide size range from <0.1 to 100 nm by combination of the small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques. There is no dead interval in the detection between the small- and wide-angle regimes. This device can be attached to any existing 'θ/θ' powder diffractometer, providing a multi-functional small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering/diffraction (SWAXS) apparatus. After proper alignment and adjustment, the device can be removed and re-attached at any time to switch between normal and SWAXS functions. Copyright © International Union of Crystallography 2013

CONSTRUCTION OF A SHEAR CELL FOR SAXS AND FREEZE FRACTURE STUDIES

Two variants of a sample holder were constructed for SAXS (small angle X-ray scattering) and freeze fracture studies of colloid systems during shear stress. The detailed construction of both variants is described. The SAXS investigations give information about the structural changes in the range of nm´s, and the freeze fracture technique makes possible the imaging of the \mum-scale morphology. Combining these methods the origin of certain macroscopical features, e.g. shear induced structural formations (like tixotropy) can be examined in a wide size range of the colloid dimensions

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM APRICOT PITS

The preparation of activated carbons from an ideal precursor is described in this paper. Activation was carried out with H2O in a rotating reactor or with a mixture of H2O and CO2 in a fluid reactor. The use of the fluid reactor has several industrial aspects. Adsorp- tion properties and the mesoporosity of the samples activated in the different apparatus are correlated with each other

Osmotic shrinkage of sterically stabilized liposomes as revealed by time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering

Time-resolved synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was used to study the structural changes during the osmotic shrinkage of a pharmacologi- cally relevant liposomal drug delivery system. Sterically stabilized liposomes (SSLs) with a diameter of 100nm and composed of hydrogenated soy phosphocholine, cholesterol and distearoyl-phosphoethanolamine-PEG 2000 prepared in a salt-free buffer were mixed with a buffered 0.3 M NaCl solution using a stopped flow apparatus. The changes in the liposome size and the bilayer structure were followed by using SAXS with a time resolution of 20 ms. A linear decrease in liposome size is observed during the firs