SCHIZOPHRÉNIE : Accompagner un itinérant dans son traitement

Pour information, contactez Mark Bédard au mark.bedard@umontréal.caRemerciements pour les conseils donnés: 1) Dominique Saheb, M. Ps., Psychologue, Clinicienne et chargée de cours à la Faculté de l'éducation permanente de l'Université de Montréal 2) Mathieu Gattuso, Ph.D., Psychologue, Leduc Ressources Humaines 3) Philippe Vincent, B. Pharm., M. Sc., Professeur adjoint de clinique à la faculté de pharmacie de l'Université de MontréalTravail réalisé dans le cadre du cours PHA2415Nous, étudiants en pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal, sommes heureux de vous présenter le résultat de notre implication dans un projet d’envergure communautaire portant sur les maladies mentales. Plus précisément, ce guide se penche sur l’étude des relations entre l’itinérance et la schizophrénie. En révisant la littérature, nous avons été en mesure de déterminer la portée de votre travail sur les itinérants. Une enquête faite auprès des sans-abris de la région de Montréal-Centre et de Québec montre une prévalence notable de personnes souffrant de schizophrénie chez les sans-abris qui ont recours aux centres d’aide. Selon cette enquête, l’intervention de première ligne devrait miser sur un meilleur encadrement des personnes victimes de troubles mentaux pour éviter qu’ils se retrouvent sans abri.Cet outil vise à apporter une aide considérable au travail d'intervenants sociaux d'organismes communautaires de Montréal travaillant avec une clientèle itinérante. Détaillant les symptômes de la maladie ainsi que les approches possibles par rapport au traitement de la schizophrénie, ce document vous offrira l’opportunité de mieux comprendre l’individu ayant un diagnostic de schizophrénie. De plus, il vous donnera aussi des outils pour mieux l’accompagner dans son traitement et favoriser sa motivation. C’est un guide pratique se voulant visuel et simple pour une utilisation quotidienne efficace

Evaluation of exercise on individuals with dementia and their carers: a randomised controlled trial

Background Almost all of the 820,000 people in the UK with dementia will experience Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD). However, research has traditionally focused on treating cognitive symptoms, thus neglecting core clinical symptoms that often have a more profound impact on living with dementia. Recent evidence (Kales et al, 2007; Ballard et al, 2009) indicates that the popular approach to managing BPSD - prescription of anti-psychotic medication - can increase mortality and the risk of stroke in people with dementia as well as impair quality of life and accelerate cognitive decline. Consequently, there is a need to evaluate the impact that non-pharmacological interventions have on BPSD; we believe physical exercise is a particularly promising approach. Methods/Design We will carry out a pragmatic, randomised, single-blind controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise (planned walking) on the behavioural and psychological symptoms of individuals with dementia. We aim to recruit 146 people with dementia and their carers to be randomized into two groups; one will be trained in a structured, tailored walking programme, while the other will continue with treatment as usual. The primary outcome (BPSD) will be assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) along with relevant secondary outcomes at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. Discussion Designing this study has been challenging both ethically and methodologically. In particular to design an intervention that is simple, measurable, safe, non-invasive and enjoyable has been testing and has required a lot of thought. Throughout the design, we have attempted to balance methodological rigour with study feasibility. We will discuss the challenges that were faced and overcome in this paper

ARIA digital anamorphosis: Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice

Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed

Stride Gallery : Catalogue 2012-2013

Exhibitions of 2012-2013

Older driver estimates of driving exposure compared to in-vehicle data in the Candrive II study

Most studies on older adults’ driving practices have relied on self-reported information. With technological advances it is now possible to objectively measure the everyday driving of older adults in their own vehicles over time. Objective. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of older drivers to accurately estimate their kilometers driven over one year relative to objectively measured driving exposure. Methods. A sub-sample (n=159 of 928; 50.9% male) of Candrive II participants (age ≥ 70 years of age) was used in these analyses based on strict criteria for data collected from questionnaires as well as an OttoView-CD Autonomous Data Logging Device installed in their vehicle, over the first year of the prospective cohort study. Results. Although, there was no significant difference overall between the self-reported and objectively measured distance categories, only moderate agreement was found (weighted kappa = 0.57; 95% CI 0.47 to 0.67). Almost half (45.3%) chose the wrong distance category, and some people mis-estimated their distance driven by up to 20,000 km. Those who misjudged in the low mileage group (≤ 5,000 km) consistently under-estimated, while the reverse was found for those in the high distance categories (≥ 20,000), i.e., they always over-estimated their driving distance. Conclusions. Although self-reported driving distance categories may be adequate for studies entailing broad group comparisons, caution should be used in interpreting results. Use of self-reported estimates for individual assessments should be discouraged.The CIHR Team in Driving in Older Persons (Candrive II) Research Program #9042

Functional connectivity : shrinkage estimation and randomization test

We develop new statistical methods for estimating functional connectivity between components of a multivariate time series and for testing differences in functional connectivity across experimental conditions. Here, we characterize functional connectivity by partial coherence, which identifies the frequency band (or bands) that drives the direct linear association between any pair of components of a multivariate time series after removing the linear effects of the other components. Partial coherence can be efficiently estimated using the inverse of the spectral density matrix. However, when the number of components is large and the components of the multivariate time series are highly correlated, the spectral density matrix estimate may be numerically unstable and consequently gives partial coherence estimates that are highly variable. To address the problem of numerical instability, we propose a shrinkage-based estimator which is a weighted average of a smoothed periodogram estimator and a scaled identity matrix with frequency-specific weight computed objectively so that the resulting shrinkage estimator minimizes the mean-squared error criterion. Compared to typical smoothing-based estimators, the shrinkage estimator is more computationally stable and gives a lower mean squared error. In addition, we develop a randomization method for testing differences in functional connectivity networks between experimental conditions. Finally, we report results from numerical experiments and analyze an EEG data set recorded during a visually-guided hand movement task

Thirty years of research on spatial data quality: Achievements, failures, and opportunities

This article reflects on the past 30 years of academic research in the field of spatial data quality and tries to identify the main achievements, failures, and opportunities for future research. Most of this reflection results from a panel discussion that took place during the Sixth International Symposium on Spatial Data Quality (ISSDQ) in July 2009