6 research outputs found
Functionalized Hydrophilic Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Application in Liver Cancer Treatment
In
this work, we report the synthesis of hydrophilic and surface-functionalized
superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) to utilize them
as nanomedicines for treating liver cancer via magnetic fluid hyperthermia
(MFH)-based thermotherapy. For this purpose, initially, we have synthesized
the SPIOs through co-precipitation/thermolysis methods, followed by
in situ surface functionalization with short-chained molecules, such
as 1,4-diaminobenzene (14DAB), 4-aminobenzoic acid (4ABA) and 3,4-diaminobenzoic
acid (34DABA) and their combination with terephthalic acid (TA)/2-aminoterephthalic
acid (ATA)/trimesic acid (TMA)/pyromellitic acid (PMA) molecules.
The as-prepared SPIOs are investigated for their structure, morphology,
water dispersibility, and magnetic properties. The heating efficacies
of the SPIOs are studied in calorimetric MFH (C-MFH) with respect
to their concentrations, surface coatings, dispersion medium, and
applied alternating magnetic fields (AMFs). Although all of the as-prepared
SPIOs have exhibited superparamagnetic behavior, only 14DAB-, 4ABA-,
34DABA-, and 4ABA-TA-coated SPIOs have shown higher magnetization
values (<i>M</i><sub>s</sub> = 55–71 emu g<sup>–1</sup>) and good water dispersibility. In C-MFH studies, 34DABA-coated
SPIO-based aqueous ferrofluid (AFF) has revealed faster thermal response
to the applied AMF and reached therapeutic temperature even at the
lowest concentration (0.5 mg mL<sup>–1</sup>) compared with
14DAB-, 4ABA-, and 4ABA-TA-coated SPIO-based AFFs. Moreover, 34DABA-coated
SPIO-based AFF has exhibited high heating efficacies (i.e., specific
absorption rate/intrinsic loss power values of 432.1 W g<sub>Fe</sub><sup>–1</sup>/5.2 nHm<sup>2</sup> kg<sup>–1</sup> at
0.5 mg mL<sup>–1</sup>), which could be mainly due to (i) enhanced
π–π conjugation paths of surface-attached 34DABA
coating molecules because of intrafunctional group attractions and
(ii) improved anisotropy from the formation of clusters/linear chains
of the SPIOs in ferrofluid suspensions, owing to interfunctional group
attractions/interparticle interactions. Moreover, the 34DABA-coated
SPIOs have demonstrated (i) very good cytocompatibility for 24/48
h incubation periods and (ii) higher killing efficiency of 61–88%
(via MFH) in HepG2 liver cancer cells as compared to their treatment
with only AMF/water-bath-based thermotherapy. In summary, the 34DABA-coated
SPIOs are very promising heat-inducing agents for MFH-based thermotherapy
and thus could be used as effective nanomedicines for cancer treatments
Multifunctional magnetic-polymeric nanoparticles based ferrofluids for multi-modal in vitro cancer treatment using thermotherapy and chemotherapy
In this work, we have developed novel multifunctional magnetic-polymeric nanoparticles (MMPNs) based ferrofluids by encapsulating oleylamine (OM)-coated hydrophobic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) inside the poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) individually, and along with two drugs such as curcumin (Cur, a chemotherapeutic drug (CHD)), and/or verapamil (Ver, a calcium channel blocker (CCB)). Herein, several parameters such as weighed amount (wt%) of PLGA polymer (i.e., Resomer), stabilizer (i.e., polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)), organic solvents, amount of the SPIONs (in liquid suspension and powder forms), and amount of the drugs (i.e., Cur or/and Ver) are varied during the encapsulation process to optimize the formulation of PLGA NPs. The resulting polymeric NPs including empty PLGA NPs (i.e., without SPIONs/drugs), and MMPNs such as SPIONs-loaded PLGA NPs, Cur-SPIONs-loaded PLGA NPs, Ver-SPIONs-loaded PLGA NPs, and Cur-Ver-SPIONs-loaded PLGA NPs have displayed (i) hydrodynamic diameters and zeta potentials in the range of 280.8-2873 nm, and -21 to - 26 mV, respectively, and (ii) better encapsulation efficiency for the SPIONs/Cur/Ver. In addition, the MMPNs have exhibited (i) magnetization values in the range of 7.6-9.5 emu/g with superparamagnetic behaviour, (ii) concentration based time-dependent temperature raise up-to 42 degrees C (minimum therapeutic temperature in magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH)/thermotherapy) with heating efficacies i.e., specific absorption rate (SAR) and intrinsic loss power (ILP) values ranging from 7 to 36 W/gFe and 0.1-0.4 nHm(2)/kg, respectively and (iii) better cytocompatibility. Finally, the SPIONs and dual-drugs (Cur &Ver) co-loaded PLGA NPs have shown enhanced therapeutic efficacy in HepG2 cancer cells via combined therapies (i.e., thermotherapy and chemotherapy), as compared to the individual therapy (i.e., thermotherapy or chemotherapy) using the SPIONs/Cur/Ver loaded PLGA NPs. Thus, the as-prepared SPIONs/dual-drugs co-loaded PLGA NPs (i.e., MMPNs based ferrofluids) are potential therapeutic candidates for multi-modal treatment of cancer in vitro using thermotherapy and chemotherapy