L’autoguide Mmm ! Mon musée en tablette ! Un outil de médiation numérique et d’étude des publics

[email protected] Pour donner le goût de visiter son parcours d’exposition, le musée de Die et du Diois a expérimenté en 2019 un autoguide. Cet outil numérique proposait aux visiteurs de réaliser leur livret de visite, en photographiant, filmant, commentant ou dessinant les objets de leur choix. Les auteurs partagent ici le bilan de cette démarche active d’approche des collections proposée aux visiteurs, riche d’enseignements pour les professionnels du musée

Construction d'iso-surfaces sous contraintes de delaunay, codage par squelettes et filtrage

Les iso-surfaces calculées à l'aide de l'algorithme de marching-cubes fournissent une triangulation des objets présents dans une image volumétrique. Dans cet article, nous construisons un nouveau type d'iso-surfaces ayant la propriété d'être incluses dans la triangulation de Delaunay de leurs sommets. Pour chaque 8-cube, un ensemble de boucles est calculé, dépendant uniquement de la connexité choisie pour les voxels intérieurs et extérieurs. Puis, chaque boucle est triangulée selon sa géométrie. Nous montrons que cette triangulation sous contrainte de Delaunay est toujours possible, et ceci même pour des voxels anisotropes. L'inclusion de l'iso-surface dans la triangulation de Delaunay a des conséquences importantes. Elle permet de déduire un modèle volumique des objets formés de tétraèdres. Elle permet également d'accéder au squelette de l'objet. Des applications au calcul du squelette sont présentées

Predictive value of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients with or without silent myocardial ischemia

WSTĘP. Celem badania było ustalenie wartości predykcyjnej niemego niedokrwienia mięśnia sercowego (SMI, silent myocardial ischemia) i neuropatii układu autonomicznego serca (CAN, cardiac autonomic neuropathy) u chorych na cukrzycę bez objawów choroby niedokrwiennej serca. MATERIAŁ I METODY. Do badania włączono 120 chorych na cukrzycę, którzy nie przebyli zawału serca i u których wcześniej nie rozpoznano dławicy piersiowej, z prawidłowym zapisem elektrokardiograficznym (EKG) z 12 odprowadzeń oraz z co najmniej dwoma dodatkowymi czynnikami ryzyka. Nieme niedokrwienie mięśnia sercowego rozpoznawano na podstawie elektrokardiograficznej próby wysiłkowej, scyntygrafii mięśnia sercowego z zastosowaniem talu201 po obciążeniu dipirydamolem i 48-godzinnego monitorowania EKG. Neuropatię układu autonomicznego serca wykrywano za pomocą standaryzowanych badań oceniających zmienność rytmu serca. Dokładne dane z trwającej 3-7 lat (średnio 4,5 roku) obserwacji uzyskano od 107 osób. WYNIKI. U 33 chorych (30,7%) stwierdzono SMI. U 33 spośród 75 zbadanych osób (38,9%) wykryto CAN, a u 11 z nich doszło do poważnych incydentów sercowych. Spośród tych 75 chorych poważne incydenty sercowe występowały podobnie często w grupach SMI+ i SMI- (odpowiednio 6 incydentów u 25 osób vs. 5 u 50 osób), natomiast były znacznie częstsze w grupie CAN+ niż CAN- (odpowiednio 8 u 33 vs. 3 u 42 osób, p = 0,04), z ryzykiem względnym wynoszącym 4,16 (95% CI 1,01-17,19). Największą częstość analizowanych incydentów obserwowano u chorych z SMI i CAN (u 5 z 10 osób). Po skorygowaniu względem SMI stwierdzono istotną zależność między CAN a poważnymi incydentami sercowymi (p = 0,04). WNIOSKI. W przypadku chorych na cukrzycę bez objawów choroby niedokrwiennej serca, CAN wydaje się lepszym parametrem zwiastującym możliwość wystąpienia poważnych incydentów wieńcowych niż SMI. Ryzyko związane z wystąpieniem CAN jest niezależne od występowania SMI i jest najwyższe, gdy CAN i SMI obserwuje się u tego samego pacjenta.INTRODUCTION. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) and cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in asymptomatic diabetic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We recruited 120 diabetic patients with no history of myocardial infarction or angina, a normal 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), and two or more additional risk factors. SMI assessment was carried out by means of an ECG stress test, a thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy with dipyridamole, and 48-h ECG monitoring. CAN was searched for by standardized tests evaluating heart rate variations. Accurate follow-up information for 3–7 years (mean 4.5) was obtained in 107 patients. RESULTS. There was evidence of SMI in 33 patients (30.7%). CAN was detected in 33 of the 75 patients (38.9%) who were tested, and a major cardiac event occurred in 11 of them. Among these 75 patients, the proportion of major cardiac events in the SMI+ patients was not significantly higher than that in the SMI– patients (6 of 25 vs. 5 of 50 patients), whereas it was significantly higher in the CAN+ patients than in the CAN– patients (8 of 33 vs. 3 of 42 patients; P = 0.04), with a relative risk of 4.16 (95% CI 1.01–17.19) and was the highest in the patients with both SMI and CAN (5 of 10 patients). After adjusting for SMI, there was a significant association between CAN and major cardiac events (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS. In asymptomatic diabetic patients, CAN appears to be a better predictor of major cardiac events than SMI. The risk linked to CAN appears to be independent of SMI and is the highest when CAN is associated with SMI

In the absence of noise, nothing sounds: Blanchot and the performance of harsh noise wall

Blanchot took Mallarmé’s “Book” as the paradigm for an artwork that aspired to such excess it could not exist. And yet it partly did, in the form of the poem Un coup de dés jamais n’abolira le hasard. For Blanchot, this ultimate literary work acted as a model for a relentless deconstructing not just of what existed but also of that which did not. His emptying theoretical perspective is ideally suited to analyse the phenomenon that is harsh noise wall music. This type of music aims to be both total and static, an extreme stilling of the music impulse, and even of noise itself. This stilling will of course fail, in the shape of recordings, concerts, recognizable “pieces,” but this failing puts it into the same realm as the Book, as glossed and mobilized by Blanchot, in that it exists but it should not. It cannot happen and yet it unfolds. Rather than failure, then, I argue that this type of noise music is one realization of Blanchot’s thinning, dissipating and disappearing of Mallarmé’s project. This (in)completion, present in these writers and in harsh noise wall, notably in the work of Romain Perrot (Vomir) is not just resemblance but is something that enables a reading, a return (in)completion of Blanchot. This article looks to stage this double reading, a reading that produces nothing. Actually, not even nothing

Thinking through Errance: Journeying and Waiting among African Travelers in Quito and Dakar

RESUMEN: A partir del cambio de milenio, Ecuador se ha convertido en un lugar de paso, pero también de residencia para migrantes de diferentes países del mundo. Mientras que la fuerza de atracción de este país proviene de requisitos migratorios flexibles como resultado de una política de ciudadanía universal, las condiciones económicas no estimulan la posibilidad de quedarse. Este artículo tiene como punto de partida una reflexión previa sobre el concepto errancia que surgió de un acercamiento a las historias de africanos que esperaban en Dakar (Senegal) para continuar el viaje fuera de su continente. Contrastamos esta experiencia con la de otros africanos que han atravesado el Atlántico y han llegado a Quito. Dos opciones se presentan a estos últimos: continuar el viaje hacia Estados Unidos o quedarse. En ambos casos, las políticas migratorias, el valor de los papeles (pasaportes y visas) y las formas de socialidad influyen en su experiencia como viajeros. En el caso de quienes continúan el viaje hacia Estados Unidos,los riesgos de la travesía se convierten en pruebas de aptitud para recibir asilo.ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the 21st century, Ecuador has been a point of transit but also of residence for migrants from around the world. While the attraction of this country resides in the flexible regulations of migration which stem from its policy of universal citizenship, the economic conditions there do not encourage migrants to stay. The starting point of this article is a previous study of the concept of errance which emerged from listening to the stories of Africans who were waiting in Dakar, Senegal, as they sought a way to leave from the continent from Africa. The article contrasts their experiences with those of other Africans who manage to cross the Atlantic and land in Quito. There are two options available for them: to either continue the journey toward the United States or remain in Ecuador. In both cases, migration policies, immigration papers and socialities are factors which shape their experience as travelers. For those who continue on their journey to the United States, the risks they run become a proof of their worthiness to be granted asylum

Beta Cells within Single Human Islets Originate from Multiple Progenitors

BACKGROUND: In both humans and rodents, glucose homeostasis is controlled by micro-organs called islets of Langerhans composed of beta cells, associated with other endocrine cell types. Most of our understanding of islet cell differentiation and morphogenesis is derived from rodent developmental studies. However, little is known about human islet formation. The lack of adequate experimental models has restricted the study of human pancreatic development to the histological analysis of different stages of pancreatic development. Our objective was to develop a new experimental model to (i) transfer genes into developing human pancreatic cells and (ii) validate gene transfer by defining the clonality of developing human islets. METHODS AND FINDINGS: In this study, a unique model was developed combining ex vivo organogenesis from human fetal pancreatic tissue and cell type-specific lentivirus-mediated gene transfer. Human pancreatic progenitors were transduced with lentiviruses expressing GFP under the control of an insulin promoter and grafted to severe combined immunodeficient mice, allowing human beta cell differentiation and islet morphogenesis. By performing gene transfer at low multiplicity of infection, we created a chimeric graft with a subpopulation of human beta cells expressing GFP and found both GFP-positive and GFP-negative beta cells within single islets. CONCLUSION: The detection of both labeled and unlabeled beta cells in single islets demonstrates that beta cells present in a human islet are derived from multiple progenitors thus providing the first dynamic analysis of human islet formation during development. This human transgenic-like tool can be widely used to elucidate dynamic genetic processes in human tissue formation