Razine 3-nitrotirozina kod neurotoksičnosti izazvane diklorvosom

The aim of this study was to evaluate dichlorvos toxicity in terms of nitro-oxidative stress by determining 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels in the fore, mid, and hindbrain regions in acutely exposed rats. Male Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups of eight. Group 1 was administered a single intraperitoneal dichlorvos dose of 1.8 mg kg-1 (0.1xLD50) and group 2 a dose of 9 mg kg-1 (0.5xLD50). The control group received 0.5 mL saline solution via the same route. 3-NT and tyrosine (TYR) levels were measured using high performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) and expressed as a ratio of 3-NT to TYR. The 3-NT/1000 TYR ratios increased significantly in the fore-, mid- and hindbrains of the exposed groups compared to control (p<0.01). In the forebrain, the increase was also significant between the treated groups. Our study has confirmed that acute exposure to dichlorvos leads to nitro-oxidative stress in the brain and that 3-NT may play a role in the mechanism of dichlorvos neurotoxicity.Cilj je ovog ispitivanja bio ocijeniti neurotoksičnost diklorvosa kroz nitrooksidativni stres mjerenjem razina 3-nitrotirozina (3-NT) u prednjem, središnjem i stražnjem režnju mozga akutno izloženih mužjaka štakora Sprague-Dawley, koji su u tu svrhu nasumce bili podijeljeni u tri skupine po osam životinja. Skupina 1 primila je jednokratnu intraperitonealnu dozu diklorvosa od 1,8 mg kg-1 (0,1xLD50), a skupina 2 dozu od 9 mg kg-1 (0,5xLD50). Kontrolna je skupina primila 0,5 mL fiziološke otopine, također intraperitonealno. Razine 3-NT-a i tirozina (TIR) izmjerene su tekućinskim kromatografom visoke djelotvornosti s detektorom s nizom dioda (HPLC-PDA) te su izražene kao omjer 3-NT:TIR. Omjeri 3-NT/1000 TIR značajno su se povećali u svim režnjevima izloženih skupina (1 i 2) u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu (p<0,01). Povećanje je također bilo značajno u prednjem režnju skupine 2 u odnosu na skupinu 1, ali nije bilo značajne razlike između izloženih skupina u ostalim režnjevima. Naše je istraživanje potvrdilo da akutna izloženost diklorvosu dovodi do nitrooksidativnog stresa u mozgu te da 3-NT sudjeluje u mehanizmu neurotoksičnosti diklorvosa

STMS markers related to Ascochyta blight resistance in chickpea

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important legume crops and is cultivated in large-scale throughout Türkiye as well as the world. Ascochyta blight, caused by the fungal phytopathogen Ascochyta rabiei, is the leading reason for the highest yield losses among the diseases known for chickpea. The pathogen exhibits high genetic diversity in Türkiye. Therefore, resistancy using Sequence Tagged Microsatellite Site (STMS) markers related with the genes that provide resistant against Ascochyta blight was investigated for the 205 chickpea breeding lines grown in different parts of Türkiye. The analysis for Ascochyta blight resistance was performed using Ta2, Ta146 and Ts54. It was demonstrated that Ta2, Ts54 and Ta146 were the STMS markers having distinguishable features for the detection of Ascochyta blight resistance and were shown to be used in credible fashion for the selection of resistant chickpea breeding lines

A slotted ALOHA-based cognitive radio network under capture effect in Rayleigh fading channels

In this paper, a slotted ALOHA-based cognitive radio (CR) network is proposed and the throughput performance of the proposed CR network model under Rayleigh fading channels is examined. Our CR network contains two special groups of users, primary users (PUs) and CR users (CRUs), and they are considered to be sharing a timeslotted-based common communication channel. While PUs can access the channel at any time owing to their legal right, CRUs can only access the channel when it is not occupied by the PUs. In the network model developed, PUs access the channel utilizing time division multiple access as a medium access control technique, and CRUs can access the channel by exploiting slotted ALOHA as a random access scheme when the channel is idle. In the proposed network model additive white Gaussian noise and Rayleigh channels is considered for comparison reasons. Taking capture effect into account in Rayleigh fading channels, we have obtained new equations for the throughput of the proposed CR network. We have also developed, modeled, and simulated a sample networking scenario by using MATLAB with the aim of validating the analytical throughput results. Simulation results of the proposed network model precisely match with the analytical results obtained under different network load conditions. Furthermore, it is shown that the overall channel exploitation is increased by utilizing the spectrum holes without interfering with the PUs transmissions

Is It Really Necessary to Delay Intranasal Steroid Treatment after FESS? An Animal Study

Objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of early intranasal steroid administration on wound healing after sinus surgery

Kök ucu dolgu materyallerinin pH’sının karşılaştırmalı değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; in-vitro olarak periapikal ortam taklit edilerek, BioAggregate, Mineral Trioksit Aggregate MTA ve MTAAngelus’ın pH’sının karşılaştırmalı değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Üretici firma talimatlarına göre hazırlanan kök ucu dolgu materyalleri, lentülo yardımıyla polietilen tübüllere 10mm x 1.5mm yerleştirilerek, içerisinde 5ml distile su bulunan cam kaplara konuldu. Solüsyonların pH’sı 1., 2., 3., 24. ve 72.saatlerde pH metre kullanılarak ölçüldü. Elde edilen verilen istatistiksel analizinde one-way ANOVA ve Tukey testleri kullanıldı. Bulgular: Bütün deney periyotlarında tüm materyallerin alkalin pH’ya sahip olduğu ve en yüksek ortalama pH değerinin 24. saatte gözlendiği belirlendi. Materyallerin 1., 2. ve 3. saatlerdeki pH değerlerinin 24. ve 72. saatlerden anlamlı olarak düşük olduğu p0,05 . Kök ucu dolgu materyalleri karşılaştırıldığında ise, sadece 72. saatte MTA-Angelus’ın ortalama pH değerinin MTA ve BioAggregate’ten istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu görüldü p>0,05 . Sonuç: İn vitro olarak yapılan bu çalışma sonucunda, BioAggregate, MTA ve MTA- Angelus’ın benzer pH özelliklerine sahip olduğu belirlend

Biološka važnost pretjerane ekspresije HSP70 i alfa-B kristalina u supstanciji nigri štakora izloženih različitim dozama permetrina

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of the Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) and Alpha B-crystallin (αBC) in the substantia nigra of rats exposed to permethrin at different doses on the apoptotic cell status. The orogastric gavage method was used to administer the different doses of permethrin (75 mg kg-1 in Group I, 150 mg kg-1 in group II, 300 mg kg-1 in group III) to the rats. Using the Western blot test, all the permethrin-treated groups showed a dose-dependent increase in the expression of HSP70 and αBC when compared to the control group. TUNEL positive apoptotic cells were not detected in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra after treatment with permethrin; however, upon immunofluorescent staining, intense positive reactions for HSP70 and αBC were observed in all of the treated groups. No immunopositive cells were detected in the tissue sections of the control group. These results suggest that the different administered doses of permethrin did not cause apoptotic cell death in the substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons; however, they did induce an increase in HSP70 and αBC expression. Thus, it appears that HSP70 and αBC could play a neuroprotective role in permethrin-induced neurotoxicitySvrha ove studije bila je istražiti moguću ulogu proteina toplinskog stresa 70 (HSP70) i alfa-B kristalina (αBC) u supstanciji nigri (lat. substantia nigra) štakora izloženih različitim dozama permetrina na apoptotske stanice. Metoda orogastričnog hranjenja upotrijebljena je kako bi se štakorima dale različite doze permetrina (75 mg kg-1 u skupini I, 150 mg kg-1 u skupini II, 300 mg kg-1 u skupini III). Nakon provođenja analize Western blot sve skupine kojima je dan permetrin pokazale su, ovisno o dozi, povećanje ekspresije HSP70 i αBC u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom. Apoptotske stanice pozitivne na TUNEL-test nisu otkrivene u dopaminergičkim neuronima supstancije nigre nakon tretmana permetrinom. Međutim nakon imunofl uorescentnog bojenja za HSP70 i αBC primijećene su snažne pozitivne reakcije u svim tretiranim skupinama. U tkivu kontrolne skupine nije bilo imunopozitivnih stanica. Naši rezultati upućuju na to da različite doze permetrina nisu uzrokovale apoptozu dopaminergičkih neurona supstancije nigre, ali su izazvale povećanje ekspresije HSP70 i αBC. Stoga bi HSP70 i αBC mogli imati pozitivan neuroprotektivni učinak pri neurotoksičnosti izazvanoj permetrinom

Effect of Cocoa Butter and Sunflower Oil Supplementation on Performance, Immunoglobulin, and Antioxidant Vitamin Status of Rats

This study investigated the effects of cocoa butter and sunflower oil alone and in combination on performance, some biochemical parameters, immunoglobulin, and antioxidant vitamin status in Wistar rats. Forty-eight male rats were assigned to four groups, consisting of 12 rats with 3 replicates. Control received balanced rat diet without oil, cocoa butter group received 3.5% cocoa butter, sunflower oil group received 3.5% sunflower oil, the last group received 1.75% sunflower oil + 1.75% cocoa butter supplementation in the rat diet for 8 weeks. The total feed consumption in sunflower oil group was statistically lower than in the other groups. The serum creatinine level was decreased in cocoa butter group compared to control. Triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol levels were decreased in only sunflower oil and only cocoa butter groups as compared to control. The level of Ig M was statistically lower in cocoa butter and cocoa butter + sunflower oil groups than in control and sunflower oil groups. There were no statistically important difference in vitamin concentrations among trial groups. It was concluded that the supplementation of cocoa butter in diet decreased Ig M level, while the supplementation of cocoa butter and sunflower oil alone decreased the triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol levels

Effect of Cocoa Butter and Sunflower Oil Supplementation on Performance, Immunoglobulin, and Antioxidant Vitamin Status of Rats

This study investigated the effects of cocoa butter and sunflower oil alone and in combination on performance, some biochemical parameters, immunoglobulin, and antioxidant vitamin status in Wistar rats. Forty-eight male rats were assigned to four groups, consisting of 12 rats with 3 replicates. Control received balanced rat diet without oil, cocoa butter group received 3.5% cocoa butter, sunflower oil group received 3.5% sunflower oil, the last group received 1.75% sunflower oil + 1.75% cocoa butter supplementation in the rat diet for 8 weeks. The total feed consumption in sunflower oil group was statistically lower than in the other groups. The serum creatinine level was decreased in cocoa butter group compared to control. Triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol levels were decreased in only sunflower oil and only cocoa butter groups as compared to control. The level of Ig M was statistically lower in cocoa butter and cocoa butter + sunflower oil groups than in control and sunflower oil groups. There were no statistically important difference in vitamin concentrations among trial groups. It was concluded that the supplementation of cocoa butter in diet decreased Ig M level, while the supplementation of cocoa butter and sunflower oil alone decreased the triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol levels