Ancaman Cyber Pornography Terhadap Anak-anak

Perkembangan teknologiyang semakin pesat di Indonesia berpengaruh pada kehidupan sosial dan keamanan masyarakat.Tingginya penetrasi pengguna internet membuka peluang tersendiri munculnya kejahatan-kejahatan berbasis ruang cyber.Anak-anak lebih beresiko menjadi korban kejahatan di ruang cyber, salah satunya ialah kejahatan pornografi.Tulisan ini hendak mengkaji dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana ancaman kejahatan berbasis pornografi di ruang cyber.Anak-anak menjadi rentan mendapatkan kejahatan secara seksual dan pornografi di dalam ruang cyber, hal ini terkait keamanan ruang cyber, kontrol akses pada internet, dan integrasi produk hukum dengan teknologi yang belum baik.Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan studi kepustakaan

The impact of approaches in improving male partner involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV on the uptake of safe infant feeding practices by HIV positive women in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The low level of male partner involvement in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV services such as safe infant feeding practices poses a serious challenge to the implementation of guidelines on safe infant feeding and may undermine efforts towards elimination of mother to child transmission of HIV in sub Saharan Africa(SSA). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the approaches that have been utilized to improve male partner involvement in PMTCT services as well as their impact on the uptake of safe infant feeding practices by HIV positive mothers in SSA. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, Ovid Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Web of Science and Current Controlled Trials were searched. Only studies performed in SSA that reported an approach that specifically involved male partners and its impact on the uptake of safe infant feeding practices (irrespective of the language and date of publication) were included. Odds ratios were extracted or calculated from studies and combined in a meta-analysis using the statistical package Stata version 11.0. Forest plots were generated using the random effect model. RESULTS: From an initial 2416 non-duplicate articles, 06 articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled unadjusted OR was 3.08[95%CI: 2.58-3.68], while the effect sizes for interventions aimed at promoting male partner involvement such as verbal encouragement, complex community intervention and enhanced psychosocial interventions were 1.93[95%CI: 1.34-2.79], 3.45[95%CI: 2.79-4.25] and 5.14[95%CI: 2.42-10.90] respectively. Using only adjusted odd ratios, the pooled adjusted OR = 1.78[95%CI: 1.35-2.34]. The I2 = 60.1% p = 0.057 using adjusted ORs. CONCLUSION: Interventions aimed at promoting male partner involvement such as enhanced psychosocial interventions, verbal encouragement and complex community interventions increase the uptake of safe infant feeding options. The heterogeneity was moderate among studies. More studies including randomised trials that will recruit larger, representative samples of patients are needed in the future. Prospero registration number: 42016032673

Contribution de l’échographie dans le dépistage et le diagnostic des cancers du sein : une expérience de Yaoundé, Cameroun

L’objectif de cette étude était de rechercher la contribution de l’échographie dans le dépistage et le diagnostic des lésions mammaires à Yaoundé, Cameroun. Il s’agissait de décrire les anomalies cliniques, échographiques, éventuellement anatomopathologiques pour des lésions suspectes et les confronter. L’étude était transversale descriptive sur une période de 12 mois ; constituée de 103 femmes âgées de 45 ans et plus. La moyenne d’âge a été de 53 ans. La douleur mammaire était le principal symptôme (21,4%). Les anomalies échographiques ont été retrouvées chez 43 femmes (41,7%). Les plus fréquentes ont été les nodules tissulaires (29,1%). Les lésions d’allure bénigne (ACR2) ont été retrouvées chez 26 (25,24%) femmes et celles suspectes de malignité (ACR3, ACR4, et ACR5) chez 17 (16,5%) dont 14 ont bénéficié d’une biopsie. L’examen anatomopathologique a révélé 8 cas de carcinomes (57,14%). L’échographie bien conduite dans un contexte socio-économique défavorisé oriente le diagnostic de cancer du sein

Intergeracionalidades em análise: (re)composições ético-estético-políticas em pesquisas-inter(in)venções com crianças e adultos

Neste artigo, pretende-se analisar movimentos de produção de um território de pesquisa e exercícios de políticas cognitivas inventivas na transversalização da Psicologia social e política e do campo dos estudos das infâncias. Transposição de limites geográficos da zona urbana de uma cidade nordestina pela criação correlata de territórios existenciais no encontro com crianças. Põe-se em análise o plano de composição de pesquisas, projetos de extensão, propostas para editais com ONGS, nos últimos 5 anos, visualizando deslocamentos ético estéticos e políticos. A questão da intergeracionalidade vai se diferenciando em meio a cenas e problemas já constituídos, inspirando planos de análise e preservando sua condição como problema (faz pensar). As recomposições vão delineando modos de operar na pesquisa sob inspiração da cartografia, pelas pistas do plano comum, do território existencial e dos processos, abrindo a intergeracionalidade às forças do virtual a ser atualizado nas cenas partilhadas por crianças e seus outros

Propylthiouracil-induced cutaneous vasculitis

The use of propylthiouracil (PTU) is associated with the development of different auto-antibodies, amongst them are antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) that are involved in the pathogenesis of ANCA associated systemic vasculitis. The case of a 46-years old woman who presented cutaneous vasculitis when taking PTU for Graves' disease is reported. Perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA) was positive with titer > 1/320, but anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies were not detected. Skin biopsy showed leucocytoclastic vasculitis. The patient improved within ten days after withdrawing PTU and the resolution of hyperthyroidism was achieved with radioiodine (131I). The p-ANCA test remained positive > 1/320 eight months and four years after PTU withdrawal.O uso do propiltiouracil (PTU) está associado ao desenvolvimento de diferentes auto-anticorpos, entre eles anticorpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos (ANCA), que estão envolvidos na patogênese das vasculites sistêmicas ANCA-associadas (VSAA). Será relatado o caso de um paciente do sexo feminino, de 46 anos, que apresentou vasculite cutânea durante o uso de PTU como terapêutica para doença de Graves. O ANCA com padrão perinuclear (p-ANCA) foi positivo em títulos > 1/320, porém anticorpos antimielo-peroxidase (MPO) não foram detectados. A biópsia de pele revelou uma vasculite leucocitoclástica. Houve melhora clínica em dez dias após a retirada do PTU e optou-se pelo iodo radioativo (I131) para o tratamento do hipertireoidismo. O p-ANCA manteve-se positivo em títulos > 1/320 em duas medidas, realizadas oito meses e quatro anos após a suspensão do PTU.Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de OliveiraUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Application of inverse weighting analysis to assess the association of youth perceptions with the age of initiation of tobacco products

IntroductionTo examine if perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness of hookah and cigarettes impact the age of initiation of hookah and cigarettes, respectively, among US youth. Youth (12-17 years old) users and never users of hookah and cigarettes during their first wave of PATH participation were analyzed by each tobacco product (TP) independently. The effect of perceptions of (i) harmfulness and (ii) addictiveness at the first wave of PATH participation on the age of initiation of ever use of hookah was estimated using interval-censoring Cox proportional hazards models.MethodsUsers and never users of hookah at their first wave of PATH participation were balanced by multiplying the sampling weight and the 100 balance repeated replicate weights with the inverse probability weight (IPW). The IPW was based on the probability of being a user in their first wave of PATH participation. A Fay’s factor of 0.3 was included for variance estimation. Crude hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported. A similar process was repeated for cigarettes.ResultsCompared to youth who perceived each TP as “a lot of harm”, youth who reported perceived “some harm” had younger ages of initiation of these tobacco products, HR: 2.53 (95% CI: 2.87-4.34) for hookah and HR: 2.35 (95% CI: 2.10-2.62) for cigarettes. Similarly, youth who perceived each TP as “no/little harm” had an earlier age of initiation of these TPs compared to those who perceived them as “a lot of harm”, with an HR: 2.23 (95% CI: 1.82, 2.71) for hookah and an HR: 1.85 (95% CI: 1.72, 1.98) for cigarettes. Compared to youth who reported each TP as “somewhat/very likely” as their perception of addictiveness, youth who reported “neither likely nor unlikely” and “very/somewhat unlikely” as their perception of addictiveness of hookah had an older age of initiation, with an HR: 0.75 (95% CI: 0.67-0.83) and an HR: 0.55 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.63) respectively.DiscussionPerceptions of the harmfulness and addictiveness of these tobacco products (TPs) should be addressed in education campaigns for youth to prevent early ages of initiation of cigarettes and hookah

Family-based pediatric weight management interventions in US primary care settings targeting children ages 6-12 years old: A systematic review guided by the RE-AIM framework.

Obesity is a pandemic that disproportionately affects children from vulnerable populations in the USA. Current treatment approaches in primary care settings in the USA have been reported to be insufficient at managing pediatric obesity, primarily due to implementation challenges for healthcare systems and barriers for families. While the literature has examined the efficacy of pediatric obesity interventions focused on internal validity, it lacks sufficient reporting and analysis of external validity necessary for successful translation to primary care settings. We conducted a systematic review of the primary-care-setting literature from January 2007 to March 2020 on family-based pediatric weight management interventions in both English and/or Spanish for children ages 6-12 years in the USA using the Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. A literature search, using PRISMA guidelines, was conducted in January 2022 using the following electronic databases: Medline Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane Library. 22 270 records were screened, and 376 articles were reviewed in full. 184 studies were included. The most commonly reported dimensions of the RE-AIM framework were Reach (65%), Efficacy/Effectiveness (64%), and Adoption (64%), while Implementation (47%) and Maintenance (42%) were less often reported. The prevalence of reporting RE-AIM construct indicators ranged greatly, from 1% to 100%. This systematic review underscores the need for more focus on external validity to guide the development, implementation, and dissemination of future pediatric obesity interventions based in primary care settings. It also suggests conducting additional research on sustainable financing for pediatric obesity interventions