Image Steganalysis in Frequency Domain Using Co-Occurrence Matrix and Bpnn

In the last two decades, steganalysis has become a fertile research area to minimize the security risks left behind by Misuse of data concealment in digital computer files. As the propagation of hidden writing increased, the need for the steganalysis emerged and grew to a large extent necessary to deter illicit secret communications. This paper introduces a steganalysis system to detect hidden information in images through using co-occurrence matrix, frequency domain transform, the first three moments, and back propagation neural network (BPNN). Four varieties of the system implemented. Firstly, the co-occurrence matrix calculated for the input image, which suspected to be a carrier of hidden secret information. Second, three levels of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) are applied resulting in 12 subbands. Then, those subbands along with the original image are transformed by discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or discrete cosine transform (DCT) to produce 13 subbands. After that, the first three moments are calculated resulting feature vector with 39 features. Finally, BPNN is used as a classifier to determine whether the image is containing hidden information or not. The system is tested with and without co-occurrence matrix, each of them once using DFT and another time using DCT. The results have shown that using co-occurrence matrix with DFT has the highest performance, which was 81.82% on the Hiding Ratio of 0.5 bit per pixel. This work demonstrates a good effect comparing to previous works

Increased choroidal thickness in adults with Down syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: People with Down syndrome (DS) are particularly susceptible to Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to the triplication of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene. In this cross-sectional study, we hypothesized that choroidal thinning reported in sporadic AD (sAD) is mirrored in adults with DS. METHODS: The posterior pole of the eye for 24 adults with DS and 16 age-matched controls (Ctrl) were imaged with optical coherence tomography. Choroidal thickness (ChT) was measured and analyzed in relation to cognitive status and cerebral amyloid beta (Aβ) load. RESULTS: ChT was increased in people with DS (pwDS) compared to Ctrl. This increase was associated with gender differences and positively correlated with cerebral Aβ load in a small subset. There was no significant correlation detected between ChT and age or cognitive status. DISCUSSION: In contrast to sAD this study found a significantly thicker choroid in pwDS. Whether these changes are related to Aβ pathology in DS needs further investigation

Turner syndrome and associated problems in turkish children: A multicenter study

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population. Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014. Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosi) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%. Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespan. © Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology

Investigations on biological characteristics of Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on different two mulberry species and different temperatures [Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)'nin farkli sicaklik koşullarinda ve iki dut türü üzerinde gelişme ve üremesinin incelenmesi]

Asiatic originated Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana), the Comstock mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is polyphagous cosmopolite species. Nowadays it is spreading through to Europe and becoming wide distribution. In this study, the developmental time, survival and fecundity of P. comstocki on two mulberry species (Morus alba and M. nigra) (Moraceae) were studied at four different temperatures (18±1, 23±1, 28±1 and 20-32°C) and thermal constant was calculated. According to results, it appears that performance of P. comstocki and, consequently, its population increase were affected by feeding with different mulberry species and at different temperatures, and M. nigra seems to be more likely susceptible to the mealybug than M. alba in each temperatures because it displayed the highest performance on this host plant. The results showed that the population on M. nigra (rm = 0.123 female/female/day; R0 = 108.933 female/female; T0 = 38.160 day; DT= 5.639 day) developed better than that on M. alba (rm= 0.115 female/female/day; R0 = 84.281 female/female; T0= 38.600 day; DT= 6.032 day) at 28°C. It was found that there was an inverse relationship between the growth period of the population and the temperature, development of the mealybug becoming fully grown was the fastest on both Morus species at 28 °C. The threshold for development (t) and the thermal constant (ThC) of the mealybug on M. nigra was determined as 7.87 °C, K = 513 degree-days respectively; while on M. alba, these parameters were found to be 7.76 °C and K = 518 degree-days respectively

Investigations on biological characteristics of Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on different two mulberry species and different temperatures

Asya kökenli unlubit Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) polifag kozmopolit bir türdür. Son yıllarda Avrupa ülkelerinde hızla yayılan bu tür daha geniş bir dağılıma sahip olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada P. comstocki’nin farklı sıcaklık koşullarında (18, 23, 28 ve 20-32°C) ve iki farklı dut türü (Morus alba ve M. nigra) (Moraceae) üzerinde gelişme dönemlerinin süresi, ölüm oranları, üreme kapasitesi, dişi-erkek oranları, termal konstantı ve gelişme eşiğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda M. nigra üzerinde beslenen popülasyonun (rm= 0.123 dişi/dişi/gün; R0= 108.933 dişi/dişi; T0= 38.160 gün; DT= 5.639 gün) M.alba üzerinde beslenen popülasyondan (rm= 0.115 dişi/dişi/gün; R0= 84.281 dişi/dişi; T0= 38.600 gün; DT= 6.032 gün) daha iyi geliştiği tespit edilmiştir. P. comstocki’nin sıcaklığa bağlı olarak gelişimi incelendiğinde türün en hızlı 28°C’de ergin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Zararlının M. nigra’da gelişme eşiğinin (t) 7.87°C, termal konstantının (ThC) K= 513 gün-derece; M. alba’da gelişme eşiğinin (t) 7.76°C, termal konstantının (ThC) K= 518 gün-derece olduğu saptanmıştır.Asiatic originated Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana), the Comstock mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is polyphagous cosmopolite species. Nowadays it is spreading through to Europe and becoming wide distribution. In this study, the developmental time, survival and fecundity of P. comstocki on two mulberry species (Morus alba and M. nigra) (Moraceae) were studied at four different temperatures (18±1, 23±1, 28±1 and 20-32°C) and thermal constant was calculated. According to results, it appears that performance of P. comstocki and, consequently, its population increase were affected by feeding with different mulberry species and at different temperatures, and M. nigra seems to be more likely susceptible to the mealybug than M. alba in each temperatures because it displayed the highest performance on this host plant. The results showed that the population on M. nigra (rm = 0.123 female/female/day; R0 = 108.933 female/female; T0= 38.160 day; DT= 5.639 day) developed better than that on M. alba (rm= 0.115 female/female/day; R0 = 84.281 female/female; T0= 38.600 day; DT= 6.032 day) at 28°C. It was found that there was an inverse relationship between the growth period of the population and the temperature, development of the mealybug becoming fully grown was the fastest on both Morus species at 28 °C. The threshold for development (t) and the thermal constant (ThC) of the mealybug on M. nigra was determined as 7.87 °C, K = 513 degree-days respectively; while on M. alba, these parameters were found to be 7.76 °C and K = 518 degree-days respectively

Evaluation of the macula, retinal nerve fiber layer and choroid in preeclampsia, healthy pregnant and healthy non-pregnant women using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

Objective: To evaluate the macular, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and choroidal thickness alterations by using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in preeclampsia and compare with healthy pregnant and healthy non-pregnant controls. Method: The study population included healthy pregnant control group (n: 25), healthy non-pregnant control group (n: 26) and study group with preeclampsia (n: 27). Retinal thickness parameters were measured by SD-OCT. Results: There was a statistically significant difference among all of the groups for choroidal thickness (p<0.001). Choroidal thickness in preeclamptic women was significantly thinner than healthy pregnant women. The most thick choroid layer was detected in healthy pregnant group, and also the most thin choroidal thickness was detected in healthy non-pregnant group (p<0.001). Macular central subfield and foveal center thickness were significantly thinner in preeclamptic study and healthy pregnant groups than healthy non-pregnant group (p<0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference between preeclamptic study group and healthy pregnant group for both macular central subfield and foveal center thickness. Average of RNFL thickness was significantly thicker in healthy pregnant group than healthy non-pregnant group (p = 0.004). Conclusions: This study revealed that choroidal thickness measured using SD-OCT increased in women with preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women but the increase in choroidal thickness in preeclampsia was lower than the healthy pregnant controls. This lower rise in choroidal thickness can be generally attributed to the markedly increased systemic vascular vasospasm secondary to preeclampsia

Leapmotion hand tremor dataset for biometric recognition

This dataset is partly associated to the "Hand Tremor Based Biometric Recognition Using Leap Motion Device" paper (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2764471 ). If you think this new dataset is useful for your studies please cite our paper above. Objective is to investigate whether hand jitter can be treated as a new behavioral biometric recognition trait in the filed od security so that imitating and/or reproducing artificially can be avoided.Dataset contains five subjects. 1024 samples each subject's spatiotemporal hand tremor signals as a time series data were acquired via leap motion device. Features are X, Y, Z and Mixed (Average) channels. Channel represents displacement value of adjacent frames (difference between current and previous positions) and finally the last item is class label having value from 1 to 5.lease read the "Hand Tremor Based Biometric Recognition Using Leap Motion Device" paper for more details and feature extraction methods. If you have any questions related to the preprocessing and/or processing the dataset please do not hesitate to contact with me via e-mail: [email protected] . It should be noted that, data acquisition software was implemented in Java (Netbeans) and I utilized Processing, Open Cezeri Library and Weka tools alongside