The use of electronic commerce in the small and medium scale organisations: Istanbul example

Gerek altyapı ve yatırımların yetersizliği, gerekse maliyetlerin yüksekliği ve yetişmiş insan gücünün bulunmaması elektronik ticaretin hızını yavaşlatmaktadır. Ticaret boyutuna bakıldığı zaman, işten işe elektronik ticaret hacmi, işletmeden tüketiciye olan ticaret hacminden çok daha önemlidir. Çalışmanın amacı, büyük bir sanayi şehri olan İstanbul ili sınırları içerisindeki KOBİ'ler arasında elektronik ticaret kullanım sıklığını ve düzeyini, hangi amaçla yapıldığını, bu tür ticari faaliyetlerden beklenen faydaları ve karşılaşılan zorlukları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın ilk bölümünde literatür taramasına yer yerilmiş, ikinci bölümde ise, KOBİ'lerde elektronik ticaret kullanımını araştırmak amacıyla İstanbul ili sınırları içerisindeki KOBİ'lere uygulanan anket çalışmasının sonuçlarına yer verilmiştir.The speed of electronic commerce's spread is being hindered due not only to insufficiency of required infrastructure and investment but also high cost and lack of qualified personnel. Looking from the trade perspective, the volume of B2B electronic commerce is much more important than that of B2C electronic commerce. The aim of this study is to find out the usage frequency and level of electronic commerce, its reason of existence, expected benefits and encountered difficulties from these kinds of commercial activities between SMEs operating in Istanbul, which is a big industrial city. In accordance with this aim, at the first section of the study there exists literature review, and in the second section the results of the questionnaire which has been applied to the SMEs in Istanbul in order to investigate the usage of electronic commerce in SMEs are presented

CUSTOMER SEGMENTATION BY USING RFM MODEL AND CLUSTERING METHODS: A CASE STUDY IN RETAIL INDUSTRY

In today’s business environment companies should need better understanding on customers’ data. Detecting similarities and differences among customers, predicting their behaviors, proposing better options and opportunities to customers, etc. became very important for customer-company engagement. Segmenting customers according to their data became vital in this context. RFM (recency, frequency and monetary) values have been used for many years to identify which customers valuable for the company, which customers need promotional activities, etc. Data-mining tools and techniques commonly have been used by organizations and individuals to analysis their stored data. Clustering, which one of the tasks of data mining has been used to group people, objects, etc. In this paper we propose two different clustering models to segment 700032 customers by considering their RFM values. We suggest that the current customer segmentation which built by just considering customers’ expense is not sufficient. Hence, one of the models that recommended in this research is expected to provide better customer understanding, well-designed strategies, and more efficient decisions

Product innovation in durable goods monopoly with partial physical obsolescence

Ankara : The Department of Economics, Bilkent University, 2007.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2007.Includes bibliographical references leaves 55-56.In the literature on planned obsolescence, it has always been assumed that the durable goods monopolist is able to limit the durability of the whole of the product. However, usually it is a component of the product rather than the whole unit that becomes physically obsolete. In this paper, we analyze R&D incentives of a durable goods monopolist when he is able to engage in partial physical obsolescence. We showed that under these circumstances competition in component goods market causes inefficient R&D decisions in the primary market.Atıl, AysunM.S

Mayın patlamasına maruz kalan zırhlı bir aracın sayısal simülasyon modelinin geliştirilmesi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu çalışmada zırhlı bir aracın mayın koruma seviyesinin, sayısal simülasyon yöntemleri kullanılarak geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ilk olarak mayın patlamaları ile ilgili genel bilgiler verilip, patlama esnasında oluşan şok dalgalarının 1 ve 2 boyutta hesaplamaları anlatılmıştır. Akademik ortamda sıklıkla kullanılan, farklı patlayıcı miktarları ile aynı patlama yüklerinin benzetimini ifade eden "Ölçeklendirme"den bahsedilmiştir. Daha sonra katı malzemelerin iç yüzeyinde şok dalgalarının hareketi incelenmiş ve dalga yayınımına ait hesaplamalar verilmiştir. Şok dalgalarının hareketinin, çarptığı hedef yapı üzerindeki etkileri irdelenmiştir. Mayın patlama simülasyonlarında kullanılacak sayısal yöntemin belirlenmesi amacıyla farklı teknikler incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla iki farklı mayın patlama testinden elde edilen ivme ve deplasman değerleri sayısal simülasyon modelindeki değerler ile kıyaslanarak bir benzetim yapılmış ve Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian yönteminin zırhlı araç mayın patlama simülasyonunda kullanılmasına karar verilmiştir. Araç patlaması benzetim çalışmalarında patlama modeli parametreleri, serbest patlama testi sonuçları vasıtasıyla kalibre edilmiş ve yüksek doğruluk derecesine haiz patlama modeli oluşturulmuştur. Geliştirilmiş patlama modeli kullanılarak araç patlama testinin simülasyonu yapılmıştır. Araç içinde kritik görülen belli bölgelere yerleştirilen deplasman ölçerler kullanılarak gerçek ölçekli araç patlama testinden elde edilen deplasman değerleri, sayısal simülasyon sonuçları ile mukayese edilmiş ve simülasyon sonuçlarının test sonuçları ile yaklaşık %85 oranında benzeştiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu şekilde sayısal simülasyon modeli patlama testleri ile doğrulanıp, zırhlı araç mayın geliştirme çalışmalarında, mayın patlamasının yorumlanmasına olanak vermiş ve optimum çözümün elde edilmesini sağlanmıştır.In this thesis, it is aimed to develop mine protection level of an armored vehicle using numerical simulation methods. First, it was drawn a guideline for blast phenomenon and was explained hand calculations of shock waves in one and two dimension accordingly. "Scaling method" that expresses obtaining same pressure levels with in variety of explosive amounts at different target distances was also described, which is frequently used for blast studies in academic environment. Shock wave propagations both in solids and at target were investigated and their calculations were presented. In order to determine the methodology of blast simulations, different techniques were investigated. For this purpose, acceleration and displacement values collected from two different blast experiments were compared with those of blast simulations. As a result of this comparison, it was concluded that Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian method provides the best approximation to the experimental measurements. Blast simulation parameters were calibrated through the measured data in the free field blast experiments. Thus, the blast simulation model that possesses calibrated parameters with high accuracy and small deviation with respect to blast experiments was established. Blast simulation of full-scale vehicle was performed with aforementioned parameters. Displacement values gathered from the full-scale blast testing were compared to the simulation results. It was observed that the maximum deviation between numerical calculations and experimental measurements was less than 20%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the numerical simulation model was validated with blast test and it provided the interpretation of the blast phenomenon as well as obtaining the optimum design solution in the development process of mine protected armored vehicle

Waiting for September 12: An Analysis of the Dystopian Novel Gizli Emir

The military interventions of March 12, 1971 and September 12, 1980, which took place within a 10-year period, are the most chaotic events of recent Turkish political history. Melih Cevdet Anday’s novel titled Gizli Emir [The Secret Order], which was serialized and published in 1970 just before March 12, made 10-year projections with a highly significant insight and expression of the tragic situations developing in the minds of people through a dystopian fiction novel. The novel reflects the lives of the protagonists who hope for salvation while waiting for a secret order in a chaotic environment, and a uncannily similar event occured right after the novel’s publication. In this study, the period in question and the book were comparatively examined, similar elements were identified, and they were analyzed with regard to the disappointment and frustration caused by September 12 that was awaited like a secret order just as the secret order did. Although the analyses were primarily based on the text, the author’s life and viewpoints were also evaluated, and the findings were analyzed within the framework of the literature–politics relationship

Türkiye’de Yürütülen Kütüphaneler Arası Materyal Ödünç Alma/ Verme ve Belge Sağlama Hizmetlerine Toplu Bir Bakış

Bu çalışmada konu başlıkları listesi oluşturma, toplu katalog hazırlama, ortak koleksiyon geliştirme ve konsorsiyumlar, karşılıklı personel değişimi ve eğitimi, kütüphaneler arası ödünç materyal alma/verme ve belge sağlama konularına değinilmiştir

Economic growth and its impact on environment: A panel data analysis

This paper aims to explore the relationship between the economic growth and the pressure on nature from the environmental sustainability perspective. We measure pressure on nature as the sum of energy, mineral, net forest depletions and carbon dioxide damage, all measured in US dollars. The data is taken from the Adjusted Net Savings data of World Bank. Our panel consists of 213 countries and spans the period between 1970 and 2008. To investigate the causal effect of economic growth on nature we employ two strategies; fixed-effects and fixed-effects instrumental-variables (IV) regressions. Cross-country analysis reveals that there is a positive relationship between income and pressure on nature. However, the relationship is not linear across countries; the effect is much stronger in middle-income countries than in low and high-income countries. Our results are robust to the inclusion of various covariates and moreover they do not support the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis which foresees a reduction in environmental degradation once a certain level of development is reached