Highway accident number estimation in Turkey with Jaya algorithm

In the transportation sector in Turkey, approximately 90% of cargo and passenger transportation is carried out on highways. In recent years, increasing population and welfare levels have brought along an increase in demand for and intensity of highway use. Accidents experienced along with the increased intensity in the use of highways result in fatalities and loss of property. In order to minimize such losses on the highways and determine plans and programs for the future by benefiting from historical data, it is necessary to conduct accurate, consistent, effective, and reliable accident estimations. In the study, highway accident number estimation (HANE) in Turkey was made by using the meta-heuristic Jaya optimization algorithm. For HANE, Jaya linear (Jaya-L) and Jaya Quadratic (Jaya-Q) models were proposed. Indicators such as the number of accidents that occurred between 2002 and 2018, population, gross domestic product (GDP), total divided road length (TDRL), and the number of vehicles were taken for HANE. Indicators were analyzed for four different conditions. HANE was made by using Population–GDP–TDRL–Number of Vehicle indicators together. A total of 75% of the total 17-year data between 2002 and 2018 were used for training purposes, and 25% of the data were used for testing. The results of the proposed Jaya-L and Jaya-Q models were analyzed by comparing them with the Andreassen estimation model (AEM) and multiple linear regression (MLR) methods. Following the successful training and testing results, low, expected, and high scenarios were proposed, and the number of accidents between 2019 and 2030 was estimated. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature

Subclavian Vein Thrombosis Extending into the Internal Jugular Vein: Paget-von Schroetter Syndrome

Paget-von Schroetter syndrome refers to spontaneous thrombosis of the subclavian vein and constitutes 0.5-1% of all venous thromboses. It is prevalent among young and healthy adult males who engage in sports. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to avoid long-term sequelae. Herein, we report a 42-year-old male weightlifter who presented with swelling of the left arm, pain and a feeling of tightness in the anterior chest wall. At Doppler US and MR angiography, subclavian vein thrombosis extending into the internal jugular vein was detected. Thrombolytic treatment ensured continuous venous flow and the patient’s complaints decreased

A review for effect of bioalcohols on engine performance and exhaust emissions in internal combustion engines

Dünya’da sanayileşmenin ve enerji talebinin artması ile petrol kökenli yakıtlara olan talepte ciddi bir artış olmuştur. Petrol kökenli yakıtlar, sınırlı rezervlere sahip olup dünya üzerinde düzensiz bir şekilde yataklanmıştır. Bu durum, petrol kökenli yakıt rezervine sahip olmayan ülkeleri petrol ithalatı yapmaya zorlamıştır. Bu yüzden, ülkeler enerji talebini karşılamak için alternatif enerji kaynaklarına yönelmişlerdir. Alternatif enerji kaynağı olarak birçok yakıt olsa da, hiçbir yakıt tek başına bir yakıttan beklentileri karşılamada yeterli değildir. Ancak bir yakıt için düşük sıcaklıkta oksitlenme ve işlenebilme konusunda tatmin edici performans sağlanabilir. Oksitlenebilir ve biyo kökenli olduğu için biyoalkoller ilgi çekici bir yakıttır ve içten yanmalı motorlarda emisyonları azaltma potansiyeline sahiptir. Ayrıca yanma sonucunda hemen hemen hiç kurum oluşturmamaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında içten yanmalı motorlarda biyoalkol kullanımı ile motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonlarındaki değişim incelenmiştir.There is an increase in the demand for petroleum-based fuels with increase of industrialization and energy demand in the world. Petroleum-based fuels are limited reserves and are distributed irregularly throughout the world. This has forced countries, which don’t have oil-based fuel reserves, to import oil and thus encounter energy / foreign exchange problems. So, countries have turned to alternative energy sources to supply energy demand. Although there are many fuels as an alternative energy source, no fuel is alone sufficient to supply expectations from a fuel. However, satisfactory performance can be achieved for oxidation and processing at low temperature for a fuel. Because of oxidizable and being bio-based, bio alcohols are an interesting fuel and have the potential to reduce emissions in internal combustion engines. Also, no soot almost is formed as a result of burning. In this review study, when using of bioalcohol in internal combustion engines, variations of engine performance and exhaust emissions have been investigated

Security and Privacy Analysis of Recently Proposed ECC-Based RFID Authentication Schemes

Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) has been popularly used in RFID authentication protocols to efficiently overcome many security and privacy issues. Even if the strong cryptography primitives of ECC are utilised in the authentication protocols, the schemes are alas far from providing security and privacy properties as desired level. In this paper, we analyze four up-to-minute ECC based RFID authentication schemes proposed by Gasbi et al., Benssalah et al., Kumar et al., and Agrahari and Varma. The authors claim that their schemes provide prominent and important security and privacy requirements. However, we have shown some crucial vulnerabilities of the schemes against their allegations. We attack to Gasbi et al.\u27s protocol by using transmitted messages in insecure channel and exploiting the message relations which points a specific tag, and show that the scheme does not provide tag anonymity/untraceability, forward and backward security and the scheme has performance problems. Moreover, we demonstrate that Kumar et al., and Agrahari and Varma\u27s schemes do not achieve forward and backward security because the schemes are not designed to eliminate the advantage of an adversary obtaining full knowledge of a tag from by attack definition. We also show that Benssalah et al.\u27s scheme suffers from tag anonymity/untraceability, forward and backward security when the pseudonym of a tag is transmitted in insecure channel somehow without updating

Cryptanalysis of Izza et al.\u27s Protocol: An Enhanced Scalable and Secure RFID Authentication Protocol for WBAN Within An IoT Environment

Most recently, Izza et al. propose a new ECC-based RFID authentication protocol by showing the vulnerabilities of Naeem\u27s protocol. They claim that their scheme provides security and privacy. However, we assert that their protocol does not satisfy privacy including anonymity, untraceability, forward and backward secrecy on the contrary of their claim. We also argue that the scheme suffers from availability problems

Effects of Ultrasonography-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Postoperative Analgesia, Gastrointestinal Motility, and Mobilization in Patients Delivering Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasonography (USG)-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block on postoperative analgesia, gastrointestinal motility, and mobilization time in patients who had a cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Material and Methods: The follow-up forms of the total 81 patients who had elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia between March 2022 and June 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups, 41 patients as the TAP block applied group (group T) and 40 patients as the control group (group C). Demographic data of patients, visual analog scale (VAS) values at postoperative 2nd-, 4th-, 6th-, 12th-, and 24th-hour, tramadol requirements, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and tramadol consumption, postoperative nausea-vomiting (PONV) status, initial gas release times and mobilization times were analyzed. Results: The VAS scores of the patients in group T at the postoperative period 2nd-, 4th-, and 6th-hour were significantly lower than those of group C (

Monitoring of fish behaviors with computerized ımage processing methods for the aquaculture

Hayvan davranışlarının izlenip, yorumlanarak faydalı bilgiler haline getirilmesi son yıllarda önem kazanan konulardan birisi olmuştur. Makine öğrenmesi ve derin öğrenme algoritmaları gibi yazılımsal gelişmeler, görüntüleme cihazları ve elde edilen görüntülerin işlenmesine imkân tanıyan donanımsal gelişmeler, hayvan davranışlarının izlenmesine altyapı oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle insanlarla sesli veya fiziki etkileşim yeteneği bulunmayan balıkların yaşam alanlarında temassız ve tahribatsız izlenmesi, bu teknolojiler sayesinde mümkün olabilmektedir. Alternatif türlerin yoğun akuakültüre kazandırılmasında karşılaşılan problemlerin başında canlının biyotik ve abiyotik gereksinimlerinin bilinmemesi gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada görüntü işleme yöntemleri ile balıkların günlük yaşamları, bakımları, beslenmeleri, bazı deneysel işlemlerin yapılması, bireysel veya sürü hareketleri, bu hareketlerin izlenmesi için oluşturulmuş donanımsal ve yazılımsal düzenekler ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Ayrıca, düzeneklerde kullanılan balıklar ve deney prosedürleri, elde edilen görüntülerin işlenme yöntemleri, kullanılan istatistiksel yöntemler ve sonuçlarda ele alınmıştır. Bu makalede, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği sektörü için kullanılabilecek görüntü işleme alanındaki çalışmalar incelenip sunulmuştur.Observing and interpreting animal behaviors and turning them into useful information has become an issue that has gained importance in recent years. Software developments such as machine learning and deep learning algorithms, imaging devices, and hardware developments allow the processing of obtained images from the infrastructure for monitoring animal behavior. Thanks to these technologies, non-contact and non-destructive detection of fish, which cannot interact with people verbally or physically, in their habitats is possible. One of the problems encountered in introducing alternative species into intensive aquaculture is the lack of knowledge of the biotic and abiotic requirements of the living thing. This study gives information about the image processing methods, the daily life of fish, their care, feeding, some experimental procedures, individual or swarm movements, and the hardware and software mechanisms created to monitor these movements. In addition, the fish used in the setups and the experimental procedures, the processing methods of the images obtained, the statistical techniques used, and the results are discussed. This manuscript reviews and presents studies in the field of image processing that can be used for the aquaculture secto

(Development of augmented reality application for teaching geometric tolerances in engineering education)

It is of great importance for individuals to start working life early and acquire knowledge and skills related to their professional fields during their education. Particularly for learning engineering subjects and concepts, relevant technologies should be adapted into education. Recently, for this purpose, Augmented Reality (AR) technologies come to the fore as a highly effective technique with the possibility of perception of depth and visual interaction with objects. In this study, development processes of a specific mobile AR application are examined in order to increase the performance of Technical Drawing learning. In this context, the geometric tolerances widely used in technical drawing subjects in the machine manufacturing-assembly processes with AR on Unity3D applications were developed as mobile AR application. In the application, the concepts of geometric dimensioning and tolerances (GD&T) are intended to be easily understandable and teachable

Comparison of the real-life clinical outcomes of warfarin with effective time in therapeutic range and NOACs: Insight from AFTER-2 Trial

BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare the long-term follow-up results of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who use vitamin K antagonist (VKA) with effective time in therapeutic range (TTR) and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). METHODS: A total of 1140 patients were followed at 35 different centers for five years. During the follow-up period, the INR values were studied at least 4 times a year and the TTR values were calculated according to the Roosendaal method. The effective TTR level was accepted as >60% as recommended by the guidelines. There were 254 patients in the effective TTR group and 886 patients in the NOACs group. Ischemic cerebrovascular disease/ transient ischemic attack (CVD/TIA), hemorrhagic CVD, and mortality were considered primary endpoints based on one-year and five-year follow-ups. RESULTS: Ischemic CVD/TIA (3.9% vs. 6.2%; P = 0.17) and hemorrhagic CVD (0.4% vs. 0.5%, P = 0.69), the one-year mortality rate (7.1% vs. 8.1%; P = 0.59), five-year mortality rates (24% vs. 26.3%; P = 0.46) were not different between the effective TTR and NOACs groups during the follow-up respectively. The CHA2DS2-VASC score was similar between warfarin with the effective TTR group and NOACs group (3 [2–4] vs. 3 [2–4]; P = 0.17, respectively]. Additionally, survival free-time did not differ between the warfarin with effective TTR group and each NOAC in the Kaplan-Meier analysis (dabigatran, P = 0.59; rivaroxaban, P = 0.34; apixaban, P = 0.26; and edoxaban, P = 0.14). CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in primary outcomes between the effective TTR and NOAC groups in AF patients