Gene Copy Number Quantification of SHOX , VAMP7 , and SRY for the Detection of Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies in Neonates

Aims: To explore the feasibility of detecting sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) by means of gene copy number quantification of short stature homeobox (SHOX), vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 (VAMP7), and SRY in newborns. Materials and Methods: Gene doses of SHOX, VAMP7, and SRY were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using DNA obtained from dried blood samples from newborns. Relative quantification values were obtained. An aneuploidy profile was established according to cutoff values. Samples with ≥2 gene doses (out of range) were reanalyzed, and those with aneuploidy profiles were confirmed by karyotyping. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were obtained. Results: A total of 10,033 samples were collected (4945 females and 5088 males). Of 244 (2.43%) samples with ≥2 gene doses that were retested, 20 cases were confirmed. The overall incidence of SCAs was 1 in 500 live newborns. There were six cases of Turner syndrome (1/824), 3 cases of XXX (1/1648), 7 cases of Klinefelter syndrome (1/726), and 4 cases of of XYY (1/1272). The sensitivity was 0.952 (95.24%), specificity of 0.975 (97.56%), positive predictive value of 0.909 (90.91%), and negative predictive value of 0.987 (98.77%). Conclusions: Gene copy number analyses of VAMP7, SHOX, and SRY genes by qPCR from blood samples spotted onto filter paper is a highly reliable method for the early detection of male and female SCAs

Sulfhydryl variable-5 extended spectrum β-lactamase in nosocomial enteric bacteria causing sepsis in mexican children

Introduction: Enteric bacteria causing nosocomial infections are often resistant to third-generation cephalosporins due to the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Objective: To describe and characterize the ESBLs pattern present in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens strains, isolated as causative of nosocomial sepsis in pediatric patients at Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (National Institute of Pediatrics). Material and methods: We analyzed 94 strains of K. pneumoniae and 7 of S. marcescens isolated from clinical specimens from 2002-2005, causative of sepsis in a children’s hospital. We evaluated antibiotic susceptibility and detection of ESBL phenotypes by disk diffusion methods; ceftazidime-resistant isolates were further characterized by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE); and ESBLs were phenotypically and genotypically characterized by isoelectric focusing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. We also assed for presence of conjugative plasmids bearing the ESBL gene. Results: 51/94 (54%) of K. pneumoniae isolates, and 5/7 (71%) of S. marcescens isolates were resistant to ceftazidime; all carried a blaSHV-5 gene. All K. pneumoniae isolates had a distinct PFGE profile, yet all carried a ~48-Kb plasmid, that was conjugatively transferable to an Escherichia coli receptor, which expressed the resistance phenotype. On the other hand, all S. marcescens isolates had a similar PFGE profile, were unable to transfer the ceftazidime-resistance phenotype, and were isolated from the same ward in a short time-span suggesting an outbreak. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of ESBL-producing enteric bacteria in this hospital is high but similar to other Latin American reports. The sulfhydryl variable-5 (SHV-5) ESBL gene appears to reside in a highly mobile plasmid, capable of spreading among different K. pneumoniae clones and perhaps even to S. marcescens

Mariana Yampolsky 1925-2002. Num. 15 Año 5 (2002) otoño. Alquimia. Sistema Nacional de Fototecas

- El universo de Mariana Yampolsky - Una gran confusión, por Patricia Cardona - La raíz y el camino, por Braulio Peralta - La riqueza fotográfica de México, por Angelina Camargo Breña - Antiguas haciendas mexicanas en fotografías, por Lilia Román - La forma más importante de comunicación, Ángeles Vázquez - Memoria del tiempo, por Ana María Longi - Fotografía y sociedad, por Ángel Cosmos y Alejandro Castellanos - El arte no debe ser preocupación entre los fotógrafos, por José Antonio Rodríguez - México es una sola luz: Mariana Yampolsky, por Mónica Rivera - En busca de una creatividad arquitectónica olvidada, por Angélica Abelleyra - Falta cariño hacia todo lo de ayer, por José Antonio Rodríguez - La arquitectura desde la raíz de la tierra, por Martha García - La fotografía es un momento con el que uno tropieza, por Yusfía Jiménez - The singing camera, por Gabriela Rábago Palafox - Detás de la lente, por Margarita González Arredondo - El gozo de mirar, por Blanca Ruiz - La emoción, premisa para poder transmitir algo al espectador, por Merry Mac Master - Todo es lícito para el ojo de la cámara, por Beatriz Palacios - Artista norteamericana. Mariana Yampolsky, por Federico Lan - Encuentros nacionales de Fototecas - Mariana Yampolsky: un legado múltiple, por Francisco Reyes Palma - Mexican suit. A history of photography in Mexico - Una memoria mexicana - México: un siglo en imágenes

Reflexiones sobre la educación en diseño en contextos de emergencia

El libro que tiene en sus manos representa el esfuerzo y compromiso que la planta académica de la División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño ha asumido durante la pandemia COVID-19, pasar de un aprendizaje tradicional a un aprendizaje digital, para continuar cumpliendo con el compromiso de nuestra institución: formar ciudadanos y profesionistas de alto nivel. Este libro respeta los cinco ejes temáticos propuestos por el comité organizador. 1. Transición de la enseñanza-aprendizaje mediada por tecnologías digitales. 2. Experiencias significativas para los actores (docentes u alumnos). 3. Propuesta pedagógica innovadora. 4. Reflexión sobre la apropiación de las tecnologías digitales y recursos. 5. Diseño de futuros para una educación en diseño. Cada uno de los artículos que integran esta obra está asociado a alguno de estos ejes. En conjunto representan la base de una gran oportunidad que tiene nuestra División para reinventarse y diversificar las experiencias de aprendizaje además de la modalidad presencial. A esta reflexión colectiva también se han sumado las ideas de profesoras y profesores de otras instituciones, con lo cual la experiencia se ha enriquecido aún más al identificar obstáculos y retos compartidos. Hemos descubierto el potencial de la educación digital y dependerá de nosotros el diseñar las estrategias para aprender a convivir también con la educación presencial. Debemos reconocer que las y los profesores no estaban capacitados para un aprendizaje digital, situación no exclusiva de nuestra casa de estudios, en la mayoría de instituciones del sistema de educación superior tampoco estaban preparados. Además de resaltar la falta de políticas de inclusión para favorecer un aprendizaje digital. Estas dos ideas se vuelven elementos centrales para que las universidades asuman un mayor compromiso al respecto.Coordinadoras e [introducción]: Juana Cecilia Ángeles Cañedo y Alma Elisa Delgado Coellar; [Presentación] 2o. Coloquio de Educación en Diseño / Marco Vinicio Ferruzca Navarro; coordinación editorial: Alma Elisa Delgado Coellar y Martha Ivonne Murillo Islas; diseño de interiores, de portada y formación de interiores: Martha Ivonne Murillo Islas; corrección de estilo: Agustina Larrañaga

3er. Coloquio: Fortalecimiento de los Colectivos de Docencia

Las memorias del 3er. Coloquio de Fortalecimiento de Colectivos de Docencia deben ser entendidas como un esfuerzo colectivo de la comunidad de académicos de la División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño, en medio de la pandemia COVID-19, con el fin de: • Analizar y proponer acciones concretas que promuevan el mejoramiento de la calidad docente en la División. • Proponer acciones que permitan continuar fortaleciendo los cursos con modalidad a distancia (remotos). • Ante un escenario que probablemente demandará en el mediano plazo, transitar del modelo remoto a un modelo híbrido, proponer acciones a considerar para la transición de los cursos. • Planear y preparar cursos de nivelación de conocimientos, para cuando se transite a la impartición de la docencia de manera mixta o presencial, dirigidos a los alumnos que no hayan tenido oportunidad de desarrollar actividades relevantes para su formación, como prácticas de talleres y laboratorios, visitas, o alguna otra actividad relevante

Efficacy and safety of the CVnCoV SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate in ten countries in Europe and Latin America (HERALD): a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 trial

Background: Additional safe and efficacious vaccines are needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to analyse the efficacy and safety of the CVnCoV SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate. Methods: HERALD is a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 clinical trial conducted in 47 centres in ten countries in Europe and Latin America. By use of an interactive web response system and stratification by country and age group (18–60 years and ≥61 years), adults with no history of virologically confirmed COVID-19 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive intramuscularly either two 0·6 mL doses of CVnCoV containing 12 μg of mRNA or two 0·6 mL doses of 0·9% NaCl (placebo) on days 1 and 29. The primary efficacy endpoint was the occurrence of a first episode of virologically confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 of any severity and caused by any strain from 15 days after the second dose. For the primary endpoint, the trial was considered successful if the lower limit of the CI was greater than 30%. Key secondary endpoints were the occurrence of a first episode of virologically confirmed moderate-to-severe COVID-19, severe COVID-19, and COVID-19 of any severity by age group. Primary safety outcomes were solicited local and systemic adverse events within 7 days after each dose and unsolicited adverse events within 28 days after each dose in phase 2b participants, and serious adverse events and adverse events of special interest up to 1 year after the second dose in phase 2b and phase 3 participants. Here, we report data up to June 18, 2021. The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04652102, and EudraCT, 2020–003998–22, and is ongoing. Findings: Between Dec 11, 2020, and April 12, 2021, 39 680 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either CVnCoV (n=19 846) or placebo (n=19 834), of whom 19 783 received at least one dose of CVnCoV and 19 746 received at least one dose of placebo. After a mean observation period of 48·2 days (SE 0·2), 83 cases of COVID-19 occurred in the CVnCoV group (n=12 851) in 1735·29 person-years and 145 cases occurred in the placebo group (n=12 211) in 1569·87 person-years, resulting in an overall vaccine efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 of 48·2% (95·826% CI 31·0–61·4; p=0·016). Vaccine efficacy against moderate-to-severe COVID-19 was 70·7% (95% CI 42·5–86·1; CVnCoV 12 cases in 1735·29 person-years, placebo 37 cases in 1569·87 person-years). In participants aged 18–60 years, vaccine efficacy against symptomatic disease was 52·5% (95% CI 36·2–64·8; CVnCoV 71 cases in 1591·47 person-years, placebo, 136 cases in 1449·23 person-years). Too few cases occurred in participants aged 61 years or older (CVnCoV 12, placebo nine) to allow meaningful assessment of vaccine efficacy. Solicited adverse events, which were mostly systemic, were more common in CVnCoV recipients (1933 [96·5%] of 2003) than in placebo recipients (1344 [67·9%] of 1978), with 542 (27·1%) CVnCoV recipients and 61 (3·1%) placebo recipients reporting grade 3 solicited adverse events. The most frequently reported local reaction after any dose in the CVnCoV group was injection-site pain (1678 [83·6%] of 2007), with 22 grade 3 reactions, and the most frequently reported systematic reactions were fatigue (1603 [80·0%] of 2003) and headache (1541 [76·9%] of 2003). 82 (0·4%) of 19 783 CVnCoV recipients reported 100 serious adverse events and 66 (0·3%) of 19 746 placebo recipients reported 76 serious adverse events. Eight serious adverse events in five CVnCoV recipients and two serious adverse events in two placebo recipients were considered vaccination-related. None of the fatal serious adverse events reported (eight in the CVnCoV group and six in the placebo group) were considered to be related to study vaccination. Adverse events of special interest were reported for 38 (0·2%) participants in the CVnCoV group and 31 (0·2%) participants in the placebo group. These events were considered to be related to the trial vaccine for 14 (<0·1%) participants in the CVnCoV group and for five (<0·1%) participants in the placebo group. Interpretation: CVnCoV was efficacious in the prevention of COVID-19 of any severity and had an acceptable safety profile. Taking into account the changing environment, including the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, and timelines for further development, the decision has been made to cease activities on the CVnCoV candidate and to focus efforts on the development of next-generation vaccine candidates. Funding: German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and CureVac