Explaining Rejection Sensitivity among Adolescences as predicted by Perceived Differential Treatment of Parents

The aim of the present research was to investigate the relationship between differential parenting and rejection sensitivity in 200 (male=95; females=105) adolescences. It was hypothesized that differential parenting (Maternal/Paternal affection and control) was likely to predict rejection sensitivity (anxious & angry expectation) in adolescents. Differential Parenting Treatment subscale of Sibling Inventory of Differential Experiences (Daniels,&Plomin, 1985) and Children Rejection Sensitivity Scale (Downey, & Feldom, 1996) were used. The results revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between maternal/paternal affection and anxious expectation domain of rejection sensitivity while maternal/paternal control was negatively related with angry expectation domain of rejection sensitivity in adolescents. Maternal affection, maternal control, paternal affection, paternal control were more significant predictors of anxious expectation (39%) domain of rejection sensitivity than angry expectation (22%) domain among adolescents after controlling for the effects of covariates. The finding of the study was helpful for the family advisors to teach parents not to practice discrimination  in their child rearing towards any of their kid in light of the fact that can be prompt create feeling to be dismisses from their critical connections. More over these discoveries were useful for school guides to consolidate educational modules uniquely outline to lessens rejection

Delivery of Analeptics via Painless Transdermal Patches

Putting into service a preliminary transdermal patch on the skin, an appropriate dosage of drug can be delivered to the site of therapeutic effect within the body. This supreme delivery system is painless and more efficacious. These patches are designed by adhering analeptic compounds over them. In conjugation to these therapeutic compounds essential oils having anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and healing properties are also used, increasing the durability of drug. Natural and synthetic polymers comprising cellulose derivatives and polyvinyl chloride respectively are significant in their designing. There are assorted categories of transdermal drugs, depending on the layers of therapeutic compounds, inclusive of single layer, bi-layer, multilayer, matrix and reservoir. Transdermal delivery has its own wondrous aptness. It enhances bioavailability of drugs eliminating the first pass effect in gastrointestinal tract. It is efficient in treating not only extraneous skin infection, but it also holds a strong curable impact on internal disorders extending from hormonal imbalance to either neurodegenerative diseases or cardiovascular diseases. Nicotine patches are prodigiously practiced treating nicotine addicts. 

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

Media Representation of Women, Children and Minority Rights: Pakistani Public Response

This paper focuses on the media impact on the discourse of women, childrenand minority rights within the context of Pakistan while also studying the difference in response generated by Males and females consumers with asample of 455 adults taken from different private and public institutes ofPakistan. Correlational research design was employed for this research anddata was collected through indigenous questionnaire. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to find out the relationship between the study variables. Moreover, Multiple Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to study whether the promotion of women, children and minority rights was predicted by Media. Also moderating effect of gender was studied by conducted a SEM using path analysis through AMOS. The findings of the study revealed that awareness about women, children and minority rights was significantly predicted by mass media, controlling for the effects of demographic variables. Moreover, the results of the moderation analysis revealed the significant interaction effect of gender and media with minority. The findings highlighted that Pakistani media effectively performs its responsibilities by better providing factual information for citizens and empowerment for the disenfranchised among other roles. So, that the media consumers in Pakistan have to platforms that enable various segments of society to voice their political concerns and demands

A Review on Psychosocial Distress among General Population of Pakistan During Covid-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 crisis in 2019 significantly impacted human life all over the globe. Psychological health of general population has been affected by the unpredictable circumstances and impulsion of living in isolation, if suspected positive for coronavirus. During COVID-19 outbreak, escalation of various types of psychosocial distresses such as anxiety, sleep disorders and depression has been observed in the general population globally. Thus, there is an urgent need to combat these issues through well planned strategies. The focus of this review is to conduct a thorough evaluation of the available research on the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental status of the general population of Pakistan. We also focused on the psychosocial impact of lockdown on the general community and the significance of protective and risk variables in the development of mental conditions in susceptible groups of population. The review further evaluates the strategies which can be employed to minimize the negative impact of COVID-19-related stress and improve the mental wellbeing of general community in Pakistan by highlighting the significant repercussions of existing research studies

Enhanced Production Of Streptokinase By Chemical Mutagenesis Of Streptococcus agalactiae EBL-20

Abstract Streptokinase (SK) is an enzyme that is used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The current study focused on the enhanced production of SK by inducing mutation in Streptococcus agalactiae EBL-20 and optimization of medium components and culture conditions for the maximum growth of mutant derived strain. S. agalactiae EBL-32 was selected as a potent mutant after exposure of S. agalactiae EBL-20 to EMS for 180 minutes. SK activity obtained from mutant derived strain was found to be 1.6 fold higher as compared to the activity achieved by wild strain. Nutritional requirements of the mutated strain were optimized by single factor analysis method suggesting glucose as the optimum carbon source; yeast extract and peptone as a suitable nitrogen sources and corn steep liquor (CSL) as an appropriate substrate for the maximum SK production. The culture conditions determined by response surface methodology (RSM) suggested that a temperature value of 37.5⁰C and pH 7 of the fermentation medium with 2.50 mL inoculum size for 36 hours of incubation was optimum for maximum yield of SK. Hence the optimization studies resulted into 1.92 fold increase in the yield of SK suggesting the new isolate suitable for commercial scale production of SK

Elevated Soluble Galectin-3 as a Marker of Chemotherapy Efficacy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study

Purpose. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a glycan-binding lectin with a debated role in cancer progression due to its various functions and patterns of expression. The current study investigates the relationship between breast cancer prognosis and secreted Gal-3. Methods. Breast cancer patients with first time cancer diagnosis and no prior treatment (n=88) were placed in either adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting based on their treatment modality. Stromal and plasma Gal-3 levels were measured in each patient at the time of diagnosis and then throughout treatment using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA, respectively. Healthy women (\u3e18 years of age, n=63) were used to establish baseline levels of plasma Gal-3. Patients were followed for 84 months for disease-free survival analysis. Results. Enhanced levels of plasma (adjuvant) and stromal (neoadjuvant) Gal-3 were found to be markers of chemotherapy efficacy. The patients with chemotherapy-induced increase in extracellular Gal-3 had longer disease-free interval and significantly lower rate of recurrence during 84-month follow-up compared to patients with unchanged or decreased secretion. Conclusion. The findings support the use of plasma Gal-3 as a marker for chemotherapy efficacy when no residual tumor is visible through imaging. Furthermore, stromal levels in any remaining tumors postchemotherapy can also be used to predict long-term prognosis in patients