SOIL PROPERTIES OF EIGHT FOREST STANDS RESULTED FROM REHABILITATION OF DEGRADED LAND ON THE TROPICAL AREA FOR ALMOST A HALF CENTURY (Sifat-sifat Tanah Delapan Tegakan Hutan Hasil Rehabilitasi Lahan Terdegradasi pada Daerah Tropika Selama Setengah Abad)

ABSTRACTPhysical, chemical and biological properties of soil are influenced by vegetation types which grow above it. Different tree species of stands will produce difference litter quantity, litter quality and also plants’ root system. Therefore quantifying physical and chemical soil properties in several stands after rehabilitation of degraded land will increase the understanding of forest soil characteristics. The research was conducted in 8 forest stands in Wanagama I, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Collection of soil samples was done at the depth of 0-10, 10-30 and 30-50 cm by making soil profile. The result showed that the textural classes were from sandy clay loam to clay. The content of clay increased with increasing soil depth. Bulk density did not differ much among the profiles and soil depth, ranging from 0.90 to 1.28 g/cm3, and so were particle density ranged from 2.19 to 2.55 g/cm3 and pore space ranged from 47.89 to 58.08 %. pH H2O ranging from 5.81 to 7.49 (slightly acid to neutral), meanwhile  pH KCl ranging from 4.44 to 6.37. C-organic content varied widely among the vegetations and soil depth ranged between 0.11 and 5.17 %. Available P and total P varied widely from 1 to 104 ppm and from 20 to 390 ppm, respectively. CEC were not much different among the profiles and soil depths, ranging from 19.80 to 38.06 cmol (+)/kg and base saturation in all samples were very high i.e. > 100 %. ABSTRAKSifat-sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah dipengaruhi oleh tipe vegetasi yang tumbuh di atasnya. Perbedaan spesies pohon suatu tegakan akan menghasilkan perbedaan jumlah seresah, kualitas seresah dan juga sistem perakaran. Kuantifikasi sifat-sifat fisik dan kimia tanah pada beberapa tegakan hutan pada lahan terdegradasi setelah direhabilitasi akan meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai sifat-sifat tanah hutan. Penelitian dilakukan pada I jenis tegakan hutan di Hutan Pendidikan Wanagama, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada kedalaman 0-10, 10-30 dan 30-50 cm dengan cara membuat profil tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelas tekstur mulai dari geluh lempung pasiran sampai lempung. Kandungan lempung meningkat dengan semakin dalamnya tanah. Berat volume tidak banyak berbeda antar profil dan kedalaman tanah, berkisar antara 0,90 - 1,28 g/cm3, dan kerapatan partikel berkisar antara 2,19 - 2,55 g/ cm3, dan ruang pori tanah berkisar antara 47,89 - 58,08 %. pH H2O berkisar antara 5,81 - 7,49 (agak asam sampai netral), pH KCI berkisar dari 4,44 - 6,37. Kandungan C-organik sangat bervariasi antar jenis vegetasi dan kedalaman tanah mulai 0,11 - 5,17 %. Kandungan P tersedia dan P total sangat bervariasi, secaraberturut-turut dari 1- 104 ppm dan 20 - 370 ppm. Nilai KPK tidak banyak berbeda antar profil dan kedalaman tanah berkisar antara 19,80 - 38,06 cmol (+)/ kg dan kejenuhan basa untuk semua sampel mempunyai nilai sangat tinggi > 100 %

Kelimpahan Cacing Tanah pada Beberapa Jenis Tegakan Pohon di Wanagama I

Earthworms feed exclusively on dead organic matter (OM). The earthworm population is regulated by organic matter availability and soil characteristics. The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of seasonal change to the abundance and biomass of earthworms in Wanagama I. Collection of the soil samples was conducted from a quadrangle 25 x 25x 25 cm with the depth of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm with 5 replications under stands of Glyricidae, Leucaena, Teak, Acacia, Eucalyptus and Mahogany. Soil samples were taken at rainy season (February), early dry season (July) and dry season (October) 2004. The earthworms were manually extracted from soil samples and the abundance was stated as number and biomass of dry weight. The result showed the abundance and biomass of earthworms were high only in February at the soil depth of 0-10 cm. The highest number of earthworm and biomass was found in Mahogany stand (224,000 individual.ha-1/105.6 kg.ha-1). Multiple linier regression analysis showed that abundance of earthworms was affected by soil moisture content, while the biomass of earthworms was affected by soil pH and bulk density (aeration)

KANDUNGAN C-ORGANIK DAN N-TOTAL PADA SERESAH DAN TANAH PADA 3 TIPE FISIOGNOMI (Studi Kasus di Wanagama I, Gunung Kidul, DIY)

Abstract Wanagama I is considered a criticalarea having solum less than 10/20 cm with soil order of Lithosol (Entisol). The area has been developed since 1966 by planting with vegetation pioneers. The objective of this research was to determine the biomass weight of forest floor and the content of C and N in the forest floor and soil under three physiognomy types. Three physiognomy types are physiognomy I dominated by Melaleucacajuputphysiognomy II has the majority of Tectona grandis, Leucaena leucocephala, Eugena spp. and Acacia leucophloea and physiognomy III are mostly planted by A. auriculiformis, Swietenia macrophylla and Schleichera oleosa. Litter was collected from quadrangle of 1 m x 1 m using three replications. Soil samples were taken from the depth intelval of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. The result showed that the highest Cstock was observed in physiognomy III (4.75 ton ha-1), followed by physiognomy I (4.51 ton ha-1)and II (2.13 ton ha-1). The highest N content was found in physiognomy III, followed by physiognomy I and II with values of 61.06.kg ha-1, 46.58 kg ha-1and 30.42 kg ha-1. OrganicC in soil decreased as the depth increased, 4.00 % to 5.63 % at 0-10 cm, 2.38 % to 3.89 % at 10-20 cm and 2.38% to 3.56 % at 20-30 cm. Nitrogen content was at the range of 0.33 % to 0.47 %, 0.32 % to 0.38 % and 0.27 % to 0.32 % at the depth of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm. Keywords:physiognomy, forest floor, soil, c

PENGARUH VEGETASI PIONIR TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN BAKTERI AMONIFIKASI DAN KADAR KARBON ORGANIK TANAH DI LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA PT. BERAU COAL KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Vegetation type and litter quality have important effect to soil microorganisms that have important roles in the soil development at the post coal mining landscape than the substrate. The objectives of this research were to assess the effect of pioneer vegetation to the soil organic carbon content, the abundance of total bacteria and ammonification bacteria at the post coal mined land PT. Berau Coal in East Kalimantan, to obtain ammonification bacteria, and determinate it. Soils were collected from rehabilitated area of PT, Berau Coal in Binungan, Lati and Sambarata sites. Soil samples were taken from surface soil (0-5 cm) under crown of Trema cannabina (TC), Macaranga conifera (MC) and Macaranga triloba (MT). Population of ammonification bacteria was assessed using Most Probable Number method, and the soil organic carbon content was assessed using Walkey and Black method. Isolation and determination of the bacteria were done using standard methods The result showed that the content of soil organic carbon, the abundance of total bacteria and ammonification bacteria were affected by pioneer vegetation. They were greater than in soil without vegetation. The greatest soil organic carbon content (0,39%), total bacteria (2,5x10&#830

Nutrient Status of Different Ages on Cryptomeria japonica Plantations (Study at Ehime University Forest)

C. japonica has been planted throughout Japan and covers 44% of all Japanese plantation forests. Afforestation involve development in stand structures and environment conditions at differents ages. Stand development patterns can be inferred by studying stands of different ages within the same geographic, edaphic and physiographic conditions. The effect of age on nutrient dynamics of plantation was important, since nutrients play fundamental roles in the primary production of plantations. Studies describing nutrient trend in plantation development, especially those providing information on the amounts of nutrient in soils, forest floor and vegetation, which influenced management decisions were important. Therefore there is a need to carry out study on nutrient status in sugi plantation of different ages. The objectives of this research were to describe the effect of ages on the trend of (i) diameter at breast heigh (dbh) (ii) leaf C, N and C/N ratio (iii) FF biomass, C, N and C/N ratio (v) soil C, N, C/N ratio and exchangeable cations of sugi plantation To assess long-term changes on nutrient dynamics, samples were collected on 7 plots of sugi plantations (0, 5, 10, 20 30, 50 and 100 year old) in the Ehime University Forest. FF, soil and leaf were sampled with five replications in each plot. Also dbh of 10 trees in each plot of sugi plantations were measured. Soil sampling was confined to the upper 10 cm of soils. FF was collected on 25 x 25 cm 2 in each plot. Total C and N of soil, FF and leaf of sugi were analysed by dry combustion method with C and N analyzer MT -700 II type. The exchangeable cations were extracted by ammonium acetate pH 7 1N, then quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotomoter (AAS). Dbh of sugi plantation increased with ages. The dbh increase rate of sugi was high until 50 years old, then relatively steady from 50 to 100 years old, indicates the harvest time of sugi plantation in Ehime University Forest can be done with 50 year rotation. The similar trend was also showed on FF biomass of sugi. Leaf C and C/N ratio contents of sugi plantation were relatively steady from 0 to 100 years old. Foliar and branch FF C and foliar FF C/N ratio content was increase with age, indicates C accumulation on FF. Leaf N contents of sugi plantation decreased from 0 to 30 years old, then increased from 30 to 100 years old. The similar trend was also showed on foliar FF N content. The trend of age effect on soil C and N content of sugi plantation was an increase from 0 to 30 years old and a decrease from 30 to 100 years old. This indicated higher C and N input from FF decomposition at early stages of sugi plantation development than at mature stages of sugi plantation. To increase FF decomposition of sugi plantation, three alternatives can possibly be done: (1) Establishment of mixed species plantation of sugi with another species of Japanese plantation forest (2) Regular thinning practices on sugi plantation. (3) Minimize soil disturbance. An increase of FF decomposition rate until later stage of sugi plantation development will increase soil C and N. This will improve productivity and ecological sustainability

ISOLASI DAN DETERMINASI BAKTERI AZOTOBACTER DARI RHIZOSFER TIGA TUMBUHAN BAWAH DI LAHAN PERTANAMAN JATI (Tectona grandis L.f)

Azotobacter is a non symbiotic Nitrogen fixing bacteria that usually found in plant rhizosphere, including shrubs at teak plantation area. Azotobacter has potency as biofertilizer to increase teak growth. The aims of this research were to estimate abundance of Azotobacter, to obtain isolate, and determinate it. The Abundance of Azotobacter in rhizosphere of Crotalaria mucronata, Imperata cylindrica, and Chromolaena odorata were assessed using Plate Count method. Azotobacter isolation was done using streak plate method in Jensen medium. Isolate determination were done to cell and colony morphology, biochemistry characteristic, growth rate in medium Jensen liquid, and concentration N medium (Kjehdahl method). The highest abundance of Azotobacter was in rhizosphere of C. odorata (4,7 x 10 &#830

PENGARUH VEGETASI PIONIR TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN BAKTERI AMONIFIKASI DAN KADAR KARBON ORGANIK TANAH DI LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA PT. BERAU COAL KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Vegetation type and litter quality have important effect to soil microorganisms that have important roles in the soil development at the post coal mining landscape than the substrate. The objectives of this research were to assess the effect of pioneer vegetation to the soil organic carbon content, the abundance of total bacteria and ammonification bacteria at the post coal mined land PT. Berau Coal in East Kalimantan, to obtain ammonification bacteria, and determinate it. Soils were collected from rehabilitated area of PT, Berau Coal in Binungan, Lati and Sambarata sites. Soil samples were taken from surface soil (0-5 cm) under crown of Trema cannabina (TC), Macaranga conifera (MC) and Macaranga triloba (MT). Population of ammonification bacteria was assessed using Most Probable Number method, and the soil organic carbon content was assessed using Walkey and Black method. Isolation and determination of the bacteria were done using standard methods The result showed that the content of soil organic carbon, the abundance of total bacteria and ammonification bacteria were affected by pioneer vegetation. They were greater than in soil without vegetation. The greatest soil organic carbon content (0,39%), total bacteria (2,5x10 &#830

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development

This proceeding contains articles on the various ideas of the academic community presented at The 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development (ICCEESD 2022) organized by the Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia on 7th-8th December 2022.  ICCEESD is a biannual forum for sharing, benchmarking, and discussing HEI’s activities in developing Education for Sustainable Development towards community engagement. Education for Sustainability as a teaching strategy for resolving community challenges through formal, informal, or non-formal education is expected to benefit from various community service best practices by academics, researchers, and students. The 3rd ICCEESD has “Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community Engagement” as its theme this year. It is expected that the 3rd ICCEESD will provide a forum for the presenters and participants to exchange best practices, policies, and conceptual implementation of Education for Sustainability towards better community engagement and explore ideas to address community needs.  Conference Title: 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable DevelopmentConference Theme: Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community EngagementConference Acronyms: ICCEESD 2022Conference Date: 7th-8th December 2022Conference Location: Grand Rohan Jogja Yogyakarta, IndonesiaConference Organizer: Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesi