Erawatch Country Reports 2013: Latvia

The Analytical Country Reports analyse and assess in a structured manner the evolution of the national policy research and innovation in the perspective of the wider EU strategy and goals, with a particular focus on the performance of the national research and innovation (R&I) system, their broader policy mix and governance. The 2013 edition of the Country Reports highlight national policy and system developments occurring since late 2012 and assess, through dedicated sections: -National progress in addressing Research and Innovation system challenges; -National progress in addressing the 5 ERA priorities; -The progress at Member State level towards achieving the Innovation Union; -The status and relevant features of Regional and/or National Research and Innovation Strategies on Smart Specialisation (RIS3); -As far relevant, country Specific Research and Innovation (R&I) Recommendations. Detailed annexes in tabular form provide access to country information in a concise and synthetic manner. The reports were originally produced in December 2013, focusing on policy developments occurring over the preceding twelve months.JRC.J.2-Knowledge for Growt

High-order harmonics generation in Cd and Pd laser-induced plasmas

R.A.G. is grateful to H. Kuroda for providing access to the laser facility. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.We demonstrate the generation of high-order harmonics of laser pulses in palladium and cadmium plasmas. We adjusted the wavelength of driving pulses to investigate the resonance enhancement in different ranges of extreme ultraviolet region. The summation of incommensurate waves during the two-color pump of Pd and Cd plasmas allowed the generation of a broader range of harmonics. The theoretical aspects of the two-color pump of the laser-induced plasma are discussed. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement --//-- This is an open access article Rashid A. Ganeev, Vyacheslav V. Kim, Jelena Butikova, Aigars Atvars, Jurgis Grube, Anatolijs Sarakovskis, and Arnolds Ubelis, "High-order harmonics generation in Cd and Pd laser-induced plasmas," Opt. Express 31, 26626-26642 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.493754 published under the CC BY 4.0 licence.European Regional Development Fund (1.1.1.5/19/A/003); World Bank Project (REP-04032022-206).Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2

Production and Characterization of Oxyhydroxyapatites

The amount and alignment of hydroxyl ions influence the bioactivity of hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyl ions in hydroxyapatite are the most mobile and upon heating are the first to leave the lattice to form oxyhydroxyapatite. This work describes a method for producing hydroxyapatite with different amounts of hydroxyl ions, and reports on the changes in Fourier transform infrared absorption at increasing level of dehydroxylation. Detailed analysis of spectra in the 500 – 700 cm-1 range showed a peak shift for the hydroxyl ion absorption line at 632 cm-1 to 637 cm-1 and an increase in the wavenumber for the phosphate line at 575 cm-1

Міністерство фінансів України як головний орган управління державними фінансами

The discovery of graphene and its unique properties has inspired researchers to try to invent other two-dimensional (2D) materials. After considerable research effort, a distinct "beyond graphene" domain has been established, comprising the library of non-graphene 2D materials. It is significant that some 2D non-graphene materials possess solid advantages over their predecessor, such as having a direct band gap, and therefore are highly promising for a number of applications. These applications are not limited to nano- and opto-electronics, but have a strong potential in biosensing technologies, as one example. However, since most of the 2D non-graphene materials have been newly discovered, most of the research efforts are concentrated on material synthesis and the investigation of the properties of the material. Applications of 2D non-graphene materials are still at the embryonic stage, and the integration of 2D non-graphene materials into devices is scarcely reported. However, in recent years, numerous reports have blossomed about 2D material-based biosensors, evidencing the growing potential of 2D non-graphene materials for biosensing applications. This review highlights the recent progress in research on the potential of using 2D non-graphene materials and similar oxide nanostructures for different types of biosensors (optical and electrochemical). A wide range of biological targets, such as glucose, dopamine, cortisol, DNA, IgG, bisphenol, ascorbic acid, cytochrome and estradiol, has been reported to be successfully detected by biosensors with transducers made of 2D non-graphene materials.Funding Agencies|EC FP-7 International Research Staff Exchange Scheme (IRSES) Grant [318520]; Linkoping Linnaeus Initiative for Novel Functional Materials (LiLi-NFM); European Union [604391]; Swedish Research Council (VR) Marie Sklodowska Curie International Career Grant [2015-00679]</p

Circadian adaptation in offshore shift workers returning to day life at home

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4. Public awareness and participation as elements in strategies for development

In the third study of development options for Livani, a town of 11,000 in south-western Latvia, the development strategies are examined. Both the municipality project ideas and project proposals from the inhabitants, from two brain storming events, have been collected and evaluated. In addition the future plans of many individuals were collected in questionnaires. Key elements in a strategy for sustainable development for Livani are discussed. The role of information, management of natural resources and democratisation are underlined. A database of resource people have been established, with individuals prepared to contribute to the development of their society. The key role of a local identity is stressed

2. Livani – the inhabitants as a resource for development

Livani, a town of 11,000 in south-western Latvia, is discussed and examined in the view of its capacity to build a sustainable future in this and the two following reports. In this paper the role of the inhabitants is reviewed. The present situation is characterised as one of social discomfort and much passivity, reflecting a typical post-soviet Latvian situation. After the collapse of the Soviet economy, the unemployment raised to 28%, and population decrease has passed 10% over the last ten years. The authors stress, however, that new visions of development are possible and should be discussed with a broad public participation. The resources of the inhabitants include a long cultural and applied arts tradition, and that some 50 individuals are examined from institutions of higher education each year, as a detailed survey of education show. It is found that young, well-educated, and active people pursue local self-government, but they have insufficient institutional capacity due to the weak traditional, local political structures and network of public organisations.Sustainable Urban Patterns around the Baltic Se

3. Efforts to create a sustainable economic development in Livani

In this second study the economic resources of Livani, a town of 11,000 in south-western Latvia, is discussed and examined. A detailed account of the resources in industrial production, agriculture, forestry and the service sector is given. The larger industries in the town all collapsed after 1991. Today three of these slowly regain production but on a much lower level. The former glass factory, which has started a high tech production of optical fibres mostly for export to the west, seems the most successful. Agriculture and forestry are traditional sectors in the nearest region and is a base for production and much selfsufficiency. The service sector is slowly growing. The economy is analysed in terms of sustainable development.Sustainable Urban Patterns around the Baltic Se

3. Efforts to create a sustainable economic development in Livani

In this second study the economic resources of Livani, a town of 11,000 in south-western Latvia, is discussed and examined. A detailed account of the resources in industrial production, agriculture, forestry and the service sector is given. The larger industries in the town all collapsed after 1991. Today three of these slowly regain production but on a much lower level. The former glass factory, which has started a high tech production of optical fibres mostly for export to the west, seems the most successful. Agriculture and forestry are traditional sectors in the nearest region and is a base for production and much selfsufficiency. The service sector is slowly growing. The economy is analysed in terms of sustainable development.Sustainable Urban Patterns around the Baltic Se