83 research outputs found

    Ride-hailing services: Competition or complement to public transport to reduce accident rates. The case of Madrid

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    Introduction: The transport and mobility sector is experiencing profound transformations. These changes are mainly due to: environmental awareness, the increase in the population of large urban areas and the size of cities, the aging of the population and the emergence of relevant technological innovations that have changed consumption habits, such as electronic commerce or the sharing economy. The introduction of new services such as Uber or Cabify is transforming urban and metropolitan mobility, which has to adapt to this new scenario and the very concept of mobility. Objective: Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether ride-hailing platforms substitute or complement public transport to reduce accident rates, considering the two basic transport zones of Madrid: “The Central Almond” and the periphery. Methods: The data were collected from the 21 districts of Madrid for the period 2013–2019, and they were analyzed by a Random Effects Negative Binominal model. Results: The results obtained in this study suggest that since the arrival of Uber and Cabify to the municipality of Madrid the number of fatalities and serious injuries in traffic accidents has been reduced. Traffic accidents on weekends and holidays, with at least one serious injury or death, have also been reduced. However, the number of minor injuries has increased in the central districts of Madrid. Conclusion: Overall, what was found in this study supports the hypothesis that these services replace the urban buses. However, these services improve the supply to users with greater difficulties to access taxis or public transport, constituting an alternative mode of transport for high-risk drivers. Therefore, such findings may be quite useful for policy makers to better define regulatory policies for these services.María Flor García is currently developing her doctoral thesis on sharing economy and mobility and received an FPU grant from the University of Alicante: UAFPU2018–028

    Does the Implementation of Ride-Hailing Services Affect Urban Road Safety? The Experience of Madrid

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    In recent years, changes have occurred in consumption, ownership, and social relations, giving rise to new economic models in which technology enables new ways of connecting, creating, and sharing value. The nature of transport has transformed with the emergence of mobile applications, such as Uber and Cabify, which offer an alternative to the services traditionally provided by the taxi and chauffeur-driven hire vehicle (CDV) sectors. These services have developed within a context of market regulation of the taxi and CDV which are subject to considerable unjustified restrictions for entering and operating in the market, including the numerus clausus of licenses, the limited geographical scope of the license and, in the case of taxis, the regulation of prices as inflexible public rates. Bearing in mind the latest legislative changes affecting mostly the provision of the services of these platforms, this study analyzes whether the number of traffic accident victims has fallen since the introduction of these services in the city of Madrid using a Random Effects Negative Binominal model. The results show that the deployment of these platforms is associated with a reduction of 25% in the number of serious injuries and deaths.María Flor García is currently developing her doctoral thesis on sharing economy and mobility, and received an FPU grant from the University of Alicante: UAFPU2018-028

    “Ride-hailing” services and motor vehicle crashes in peripheral areas of Madrid, Spain

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    The fast growth of “ride-hailing” platforms such as Uber or Cabify poses important challenges and questions in the cities where they are implemented. According to an official Uber report, in 2018 the company made 14 million trips a day. This new offer of services could improve the supply to segments of demand that previously had greater difficulties in accessing taxis or public transport, for example, young people who moving for leisure, low-income families or residents in the periphery of the cities. When the number of vehicles is lower, they tend to concentrate in the central areas, leaving relatively more remote areas without efficient service. This paper, with a novel approach, has an objective to analyze the impact of ride-hailing platforms on traffic accidents with at least one dead or seriously injured person in the Madrid municipality from 2014 to 2018 and seeing whether, since their arrival, the most vulnerable districts have reduced traffic accidents with young drivers who had consumed alcohol. For it, a regression analysis has been carried out using a Random-Effects Negative Binomial Regression (RENB). The results of the model show that Uber and Cabify services are related to reducing urban accidents. Moreover, in the case of the most vulnerable districts, accidentality with young people and presence of alcohol has also been reduced

    A Socio-Economic and Environmental Analysis of the Implementation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems in Vega Baja—Alicante (Spain)

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    One of the territories most affected by flooding in Spain is the district of Vega Baja del Segura, located in the southernmost point of the province of Alicante. The objective of this article is to estimate the socio-economic and environmental efficiency of implementing sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) as part of the Vega Baja Nature Plan. This plan seeks to optimise rainfall management by reproducing and restoring the natural hydrological processes altered by the urban development of cities through integrated actions that generate new natural areas to be used and enjoyed by the residents. To this end, a cost–benefit analysis was carried out in accordance with the methodology established by the European Commission, and a social profitability of 4.3% (IRR) was obtained for the project, which shows the social benefit to be gained from its execution.This research was funded by HIDRAQUA, Gestión Integral de Aguas de Levante, S.A

    Propuesta De Un Modelo De Gestión Para La Prevención De Incendios Forestales En Pinus Radiata En La Comunidad Ganquis Provincia De Chimborazo

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    The objective of this study was to elaborate a management model proposal for the prevention of forest fires in the plantation of Pinus radiata located in the community of Ganquis. The approach of the management model proposal started with a forest inventory and the subsequent identification of the threats and vulnerabilities of the plantation and community. Once the information was collected, next step consisted in determining the indexes of risks to forest fires for which an adaptation was made of the methodology proposed by Sun Mountain International for the analysis of vulnerability at the municipal level raised by UNDP. The results obtained were a historical analysis of the forest fires at the province level in Chimborazo, an inventory of the volume of wood existing in the plantation and 9 potential threats and 10 vulnerabilities at the community of Ganquis and at the plantation of Pinus radiata sorrounding it. With these results the proposal of the management model for the prevention of forest fires was carried out, which has 3 guidelines that are directed to the formation of community fire brigades, prevention actions and establishment of response procedures. It is recommended that at the institutional level a system of forest fire registry be standardized in order to generate the necessary information to carry out more detailed studies on forest fires and their incidence on various natural resources

    Influencia de los avances tecnológicos en el ejercicio de la profesión de la Contaduría Pública

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    This research study aims at analyzing the effect of technological advances in the practice of public accounting in Colombia. This quantitative field study was classified as descriptive, non-experimental and transactional. Both a systematic review of bibliography and a structured interview administered to teachers from Uniremington School of Accounting Sciences were used as data collection techniques. The findings show that technological advances have had a positive effect on the public accounting profession.  Information and communication technologies offer an opportunity for accountant professionals to grow and increase their competitive edge in the globalized world today.  The effect of these technologies in financial organizational processes has led companies, universities, the State and other organizations regulating the accounting profession to search professionals who are capable of carrying out all the business-related activities. They require strategic-thinking, innovative professionals, with analysis capacities, executing leadership in processes and costs and with strong assertive communication and skills in the use of legal language.La investigación que a continuación se presenta tuvo como objetivo general analizar la influencia de los avances tecnológicos en el ejercicio de la profesión de la Contaduría Pública en Colombia. Este estudio de enfoque cuantitativo se tipificó como descriptivo, no experimental, transaccional y de campo. Para la realización de este trabajo se utilizó como técnica de recolección de datos la revisión sistemática de bibliografía y la aplicación de una entrevista estructura dirigida a docentes adscritos a la Facultad de Ciencias Contables de Uniremington. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que los avances tecnológicos han influido de manera positiva en la profesión del contador público. Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación representan para el profesional contable una oportunidad de crecimiento y de competitividad en este mundo globalizado. La influencia de estas en los procesos financieros de las organizaciones ha generado que las empresas, las universidades, el Estado y demás organismos que regulan la profesión contable requieran de personas empoderadas de todas las actividades que se realizan en las entidades de negocios, con una visión estratégica, innovadoras, con capacidad de análisis, liderazgo en procesos y en costos, comunicación asertiva y habilidades en el manejo de un lenguaje jurídico

    Procesos de medición en una práctica artesanal del caribe colombiano: un estudio desde la Etnomatemática

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    En esta investigación se identificó que se le está prestando escasa atención a las formas de medir, contar, entre otras actividades que hacen grupos culturales en sus prácticas artesanales, especialmente en procesos relacionados con la gastronomía, lo cual podría contribuir a la enseñanza y aprendizaje de los sistemas de medidas o métricos. Por tal razón, en este artículo se caracterizan los aspectos matemáticos involucrados en los procesos de medición de un comerciante de bollo de yuca residente en Sibarco, Colombia. Teóricamente el trabajo se fundamentó en el programa Etnomatemática y en las acepciones de medir, medida, unidad de medida y bollo. La metodología usada fue de tipo cualitativa-etnográfica. Para recolectar la información, se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada, se grabaron audios, se tomaron notas de campo y se videograbó. Los resultados muestran que el comerciante de bollo de yuca realiza procesos de medición usando unidades de medidas no convencionales y convencionales como la braza, la carga, el bulto, el lao, el tercio, balde, tanque y el litro, libra, onza, horas. Asimismo, se identificaron equivalencias entre unidades de medida en la práctica. Se considera que los resultados pueden aportar a la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas, dado que las unidades de medidas reportadas son un material que les permitiría a los profesores de matemáticas crear situaciones contextualizadas que vinculen al estudiante con su entorno sociocultural próximo

    Relaciones humanas y el desempeño laboral del personal docente en los institutos de educación superior tecnológicos públicos de Lima Provincias - 2012

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    El presente trabajo de investigación titulada Relaciones humanas y el desempeño laboral del personal docente en los institutos de Educación Superior Tecnológicos Públicos de Lima Provincias - 2012, tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la relación entre las relaciones humanas y el desempeño laboral del personal docente en los institutos de educación superior tecnológicos públicos de Lima Provincias - 2012. La muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 224 docentes de los Institutos de Educación Superior Tecnológicos Públicos – 2012. Como instrumentos de diagnóstico se utilizaron dos cuestionarios tipo escala de Likert. La investigación se ha elaborado bajo los procedimientos metodológicos del enfoque cuantitativo, diseño de investigación no experimental, del tipo correlacional. Los datos obtenidos del instrumento aplicado fueron procesados mediante un software estadístico denominado SPSS versión 21 en los casos de las variables relaciones humanas y desempeño laboral. En cuanto a los resultados podemos mencionar que sometidos los resultados de las encuestas a la prueba estadística de Rho de Spearman, se aprecia que sí existe relación significativa entre relaciones humanas y desempeño laboral, hallándose un valor calculado donde p = 0.000 a un nivel de significancia de 0.05 (bilateral), y un nivel de correlación de 0.935; lo cual indica que la correlación es altamente significativa

    Uber: estado de la cuestión

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    La Comisión Europea define la economía colaborativa como "aquellos modelos de negocio en los que se facilitan actividades mediante plataformas colaborativas que crean un mercado abierto para el uso temporal de mercancías o servicios ofrecidos a menudo por particulares". La economía colaborativa implica tres categorías de agentes: I) prestadores de servicios que comparten activos, recursos, tiempo y/o competencias; II) usuarios de dichos servicios; y III) intermediarios que —a través de una plataforma en línea—conectan a los prestadores con los usuarios y facilitan las transacciones entre ellos («plataformas colaborativas»). En la mayoría de ciudades, el transporte discrecional de viajeros en automóvil está predominantemente abastecido mediante el servicio de taxi. Este servicio afronta la competencia de nuevas plataformas digitales (UBER, Cabify, etc.) que conectan a los usuarios con los servicios ofertados por conductores autorizados mediante licencias de arrendamiento de vehículos con conductor (en adelante VTC). Pero España no cuenta con una legislación específica que regule estas plataformas digitales en el sector de la movilidad y las recientes modificaciones legislativas distan mucho de posibilitar la aparición de estos nuevos servicios en España. Ante esta situación, en este artículo se pretende describir el estado de la cuestión en los marcos nacional e internacional respecto de la expansión de estas nuevas modalidades de negocio, sus impactos desde el punto de vista de socioeconómico y de la movilidad urbana, recogiendo la regulación que se ha desarrollado en otros países y los problemas que están surgiendo

    DETERMINACIÓN DE LA PRESENCIA DE TUBERCULOSIS BOVINA EN LA PROVINCIA DE CANTA, LIMA

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    La presencia de tuberculosis bovina fue determinada en 503 bovinos mayores de 4 semanas de edad en la provincia de Canta, departamento de Lima, con la prueba de tuberculina (PPD). La lectura de la prueba fue realizada 72 horas después de la inyección intradérmica. Once de 503 bovinos (2.2%) fueron reactores positivos a la prueba de tuberculina. Estos resultados fueron analizados por la técnica de evaluación de riesgos por simulación Monte Carlo (programa @Risk) indicando que la probabilidad de encontrar un animal infectado en los bovinos de la provincia de Canta; Lima, es mayor al 1% y menor al 3.2%.The presence of bovine tuberculosis was determined in 503 cattle older than four weeks from Canta province, Lima by the tuberculin skin test (PPD). Lecture of the test was performed 72 hours after intradermal injection. Eleven out of 503 animals (2.2%) were positive to cutaneous tuberculin stimuli. These results were analyzed by the risk evaluation technique using Monte Carlo simulation (@ Risk Program) and the probability of finding the infection in cattle from Canta province resulted greater than 1% and less than 3.2%
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