Errors in the measurement systems with the inclusion of single-phase loads at 220V in three-phase distribution networks

[EN] This research analyzes the problems presented by the measurement systems in one Phase three wires electrical distribution networks when single-phase loads are connected to 220V and proposes to replace the equation to eliminate the error that occurs in the energy meter. This case of study was given in Ecuador due to the massive inclusion of induction cookers through the change of the energy matrix promoted by the state since this account with more than 90 of hydroelectric energy to meet their electric demand. It is important to explain that this research does not include in the state of the art the problem and the solutions, because of this novelty was presented promptly in Ecuador due to the technical conditions of the energy distribution system, at the voltage level versus the construction voltage of the single-phase loads that in the case of induction, cookers were imported from countries that handle 220V single-phase voltages. This consequence does not present a choice, it is ethical for those responsible for the measurement systems of the Utility, to present a solution to the inconvenience of how it is developed in this investigation.This work was supported by Universitat Politectica de Valencia in Valencia (Spain), the Smart University 2.0 Research Group of the Universidad Catolica de Cuenca (Ecuador), and the Utility CENTROSUR for the data, equipment and laboratory to perform the tests (Ecuador).Toledo, MA.; Álvarez, C.; Morales, DX.; Arias, C. (2019). Errors in the measurement systems with the inclusion of single-phase loads at 220V in three-phase distribution networks. IEEE. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1109/CHILECON47746.2019.8987564S1

Reproductive and nutritional management on ovarian response and embryo quality on rabbit does

Rabbit does in modern rabbitries are under intensive reproductive rhythms. Females are high milk producers with high energetic expenses due to the extensive overlap between lactation and gestation. This situation leads to a negative energy balance with a mobilization of body fat especially in primiparous rabbit does. Poor body condition and poor health status severely affect the reproductive features (fertility rate and lifespan of the doe as well as ovarian physiology). This paper reviews some reproductive and nutritional approaches used in the last years to improve the reproductive performance of rabbit females, mainly focusing on the influence on ovarian response and embryo quality and with emphasis on epigenetic modifications in pre-implantation embryos and offspring consequences

Estudio de diferentes protocolos de restricción alimentaria sobre el desarrollo fetoplacentario en la coneja

Two feed strategies (ad libitum throughout pregnancy and restriction during the first 20 days), combined with oestrus synchronization with eCG or not in nulliparous rabbit does, were studied

Control del déficit energético y actividad ovárica de conejas primíparas sometidas a destete temprano

El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar el efecto de un destete temprano, realizado a los 25 días post-parto (dpp), con el fin de reducir el déficit energético de las conejas primíparas y mejorar su eficacia reproductiva. Para ello, se estudió el efecto sobre las reservas corporales y la actividad ovárica de 34 conejas primíparas lactantes. Se sacrificó un grupo (n=10) a los 25 dpp (L25), otro (n=13) se destetó a los 25 dpp y se sacrificó a los 32 dpp (NL32) y un tercero (n=11), no se destetó y se sacrificó a los 32 dpp (L32). El peso vivo de los animales, las concentraciones de ácidos grasos no esterificados (AGNE) y de proteínas plasmáticas totales en el suero fueron similares en todos los grupos. Aunque el grupo NL32, después del destete, consumió menos alimento que el grupo L32 (122±23,5 vs. 402±26,7g/d, respectivamente; P < 0,001), sus contenidos estimados de lípidos (16,9±1,09%; P < 0,008), proteína (19,7±0,07%; P < 0,0001) y energía corporales (1147±42,7 MJ/kg; P < 0,006) fueron mayores, y sus concentraciones plasmáticas de glucosa (158±24,5mg/dl; P < 0,04) fueron menores que las del grupo L25 (11,9±1,3%, 18,5±0,08%, 942±51,3 MJ/kg y 212±27,9 mg/dl ) y que las del grupo L32, (13,4±1,03%, 18,5±0,1%, 993±40,4 MJ/kg and 259±29,5 mg/dl), respectivamente. El recuento de la población folicular en los ovarios fue similar en los tres grupos. La maduración nuclear (% de oocitos en metafase II) y la citoplásmica (% de gránulos corticales total o parcialmente migrados) fue significativamente menor en el grupo sacrificado a los 25 dpp (L25), que en los grupos NL32 y L32 (67 vs. 79,7 y 78,3%; P < 0,05; 16 vs. 38,3 y 60,0%; P<0,05, respectivamente). En conclusión, las reservas energéticas de la coneja primípara aumentan si es destetada a 25 dpp. Sin embargo, esta estrategia no es suficiente desde el punto de vista reproductivo, ya que a los 32 dpp, la actividad ovárica de las conejas es similar independientemente de si han sido destetadas previamente o no

In vitro maturation of guinea pig oocytes supplemented with Epidermal Growth Factor and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I

Insights in oocyte maturation process in guinea pigs are essential for the development of in vitro culture systems in this species, since it represents an interesting animal model in reproduction field (Suzuki et al. Mol Reprod Dev 2003; 64, 219–25). The goal of this study was to elucidate the influence of both Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) on in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) medium of guinea pig. We assessed meiotic and cytoplasmic oocyte maturation, in terms of cortical granules (CG) and mitochondrial distribution, apoptotic rate and steroidogenic response of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) after IVM. A pool of 500 COCs from adult guinea pigs were cultured in groups of 40 COCs in four replicates in TCM-199 with 2 mM/mL glutamine, 0.1 mg/mL sodium pyruvate and 0.003% BSA for 17h (38ºC, 5%CO2) (Sigma Chemical Company)

Expression of B-nerve growth factor in rabbit male tract and seminal plasma

Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been recently identified as an ovulation inductor factor (OIF) in the seminal plasma (SP) (Ratto et al. PNAS 2012; 109:15042-7). The presence of OIF in rabbit has been suggested but this protein has not yet been identified. Our aim was to study the mRNA expression in the rabbit male reproductive tract and to identify the protein β-NGF in the SP

Soda-lime glass as biocompatible material to fabricate capillary-model devices by laser technologies

Microfluidic devices have been widely developed in the last decades because of the huge number of fields where they can be applied. Among all the different fabrication techniques available, laser direct writing stands out since it is a fast, accurate, versatile and non-contact method. It is particularly well-suited when working with glass, a robust and cost-efficient material. These laser advantages allow the direct fabrication of not only high quality single microchannel devices but also complex and bifurcated structures. This work establishes a roadmap for manufacturing capillary-model devices with good biocompability in soda-lime glass substrates with pulsed lasers operating in the nanosecond, picosecond and femtosecond temporal range. We determine the optimal laser parameters required for fabricating channels with a diameter:depth rate of 2:1, keeping a semi-circular section. The presence of tin doping (∼2%) in the soda-lime glass is shown to enable the fabrication with nanosecond pulses, and to improve the quality of the channels, reducing the cracking at the sides, when picosecond or femtosecond pulses were used. On the other hand, two regimes of surface roughness are found: a low roughness regime for channels fabricated with nanosecond lasers and a high roughness regime for those fabricated with pico and femtosecond lasers. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) are employed for cell culturing for evaluating the biocompatibility of the channels. Structures manufactured with the nanosecond laser resulted more suitable in terms of cell adhesion than those fabricated with the picosecond and femtosecond lasers, due to the different surface roughness regimes obtained. In order to increase the biocompatibility of the channels fabricated with pico and femtosecond lasers and to improve the cell growth, a controlled post-thermal treatment is carried out for smoothing the surface

Intervención en la toma de decisiones en jugadores de voleibol en etapas de formación

The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of a mentoring through reflection programme on decisionmaking during attacks in volleyball players' formative stages. The participants were 8 players from the same team, divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 4) and a control group (n = 4). The programme consisted of viewing and later reflecting in different individual mentoring meetings on the players' appropriate and inappropriate attack actions during competition. The results of this study found that players who were exposed to the treatment significantly improved after the mentoring protocol intervention. Research based on reflective mentoring protocols in sports actions may be a complementary tool to improve the cognitive and decision-making skills of players in formative stages

Determination of color, antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of different fruit tissue of Spanish ‘Verde Doncella’ apple cultivar

27 Pag., 1 Fig., 4 Tab. Accepted author version posted online 16 January 2014. Published online: 14 Jul 2014. This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in International Journal of Food Properties, published online 16 Jan 2014, copyright Taylor & Francis, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/10942912.2013.792829The polyphenolic profile and antioxidant activity of peel, pomace, and juice of ‘Verde Doncella’, a Spanish apple cultivar is presented. Phenolic profile of the worldwide cultivated, ‘Red Delicious’ cultivar was used for comparison. Flavanols, hydroxycinamic acids, flavonols, phloridzin, procyanidin B2, and gallic acid were quantified by HPLC. Larger concentrations of polyphenolics were found in the peel, which is in agreement with the Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (FRAP) values. ‘Verde Doncella’ expressed lower concentrations of flavanols and quercetin derivates in peel, pomace, and juice when compared to ‘Red Delicious’. ‘Verde Doncella’ was richer in p-coumaric acid and procyanidn B2 in the peel.This study was supported by the projects AGL2009-59 08501 (Programa Nacional de Proyectos de Investigación Fundamental), co-financed by the European Social Fund and by the Departamento de Ciencia, Tecnología y Universidad del Gobierno de Aragón, Research Group “Foods from Plant Origin”. Fellowship funding JAE-Predoc/CSIC was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICCIM).Peer reviewe

Respuesta reproductiva de conejas alimentadas con dietas enriquecidas con aceite de salmón

Un total de 136 conejas luníparasse alimentaron ad libitum desde las 10 semanas de edad con dos piensos isofibrosos, isoenergéticos e isoproteicos formulados con dos fuentes de grasa diferentes: manteca (grupo C; n=68) y un suplemento a base de aceite de salmón rico en ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (PUFA) n=3 (grupo P, n=68) con un nivel de inclusión de 1,5% (7,5g/kg) hasta el primer parto y de 3% (15g/kg) hasta el 2º destete. El peso y la composición corporal de las conejas a lo largo del estudio fueron similares entre grupos a pesar de que las conejas del grupo P redujeron el consumo al incrementar el nivel de inclusión de PUFA n-3. La prolificidad, el peso de los gazapos al nacimiento y el número de destetados fue similar en los dos grupos pero en los gazapos del grupo C la ganancia media diaria tendió a ser mayo, así como su peso al destete. No obstante, la fertilidad media fue más de un 12% superior en las conejas del grupo P, por lo que, el número estimado de gazapos destetados por coneja y año resultó mayor en ellas. En conclusión, el incremento en los niveles de inclusión de ácidos grasos poliisaturados n-3 de 7,5 a 15 g/kg después del primer parto disminuyó el consumo de las madres reduciendo el crecimiento de sus camadas pero incidiendo positivamente sobre su fertilidad