La escala de sexismo ambivalente en estudiantes de dos universidades de Arequipa

In this study we analyze the psychometric properties of Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, so then value its results after the application in a simple of 434 students from two universities at Arequipa City. The psychometric values indicate that the items are homogeneous and the test count with construct validity and reliability (α= 0.742). The results, also note significant differences between men and women, being the males who are more sexist than females, specially, in hostile sexism, benevolent paternalism sexism, and gender diff erentiation benevolent sexism. About the university, those students who come from public university are more sexism, so as those who study engineering.En este estudio se analizaron las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente, para luego valorar sus resultados, tras ser aplicado a una muestra de 434 estudiantes universitarios de dos universidades de la ciudad de Arequipa. Los valores psicométricos indican que los ítems son homogéneos y que cuenta con validez de constructo y confiabilidad adecuados (α= 0.742). Se reportaron diferencias significativas entre varones y mujeres, siendo los varones más sexistas que aquellas, sobre todo en el sexismo hostil y benévolo paternalista y diferencia de género. En cuanto a la universidad de procedencia, los estudiantes de la universidad pública fueron más sexistas, así como quienes estudian carreras de ingenierías

Directed Irradiation Synthesis as an Advanced Plasma Technology for Surface Modification to Activate Porous and “as-received” Titanium Surfaces

For the design of smart titanium implants, it is essential to balance the surface properties without any detrimental effect on the bulk properties of the material. Therefore, in this study, an irradiation-driven surface modification called directed irradiation synthesis (DIS) has been developed to nanopattern porousand“as-received”c.p. Tisur faces with the aim of improving cellular viability. Nano features were developed using singly-charged argon ions at 0.5 and 1.0 keV energies, incident angles from 0◦ to 75◦ degrees, and fluences up to 5.0×1017 cm−2. Irradiated surfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and contact angle, observing an increased hydrophilicity (a contact angle reduction of 73.4% and 49.3%) and a higher roughness on both surfaces except for higher incident angles, which showed the smoothest surface. In-vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility of directed irradiation synthesis (DIS) reaching 84% and 87% cell viability levels at 1 and 7 days respectively, and a lower percentage of damaged DNA in tail compared to the control c.p. Ti. All these results confirm the potential of the DIS technique to modify complex surfaces at the nanoscale level promoting their biological performance.Department of Defense (Spain) contract W81XWH-11-2-0067Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain grant MAT2015-71284-

Electrophoretic deposition of nanostructured-TiO2/chitosan composite coatings on stainless steel

Novel chitosan composite coatings containing titania nanoparticles (n-TiO2) for biomedical applications were developed by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) from ethanol–water suspensions. The optimal ethanol–water ratio was studied in order to avoid bubble formation during the EPD process and to ensure homogeneous coatings. Different n-TiO2 contents (0.5–10 g L−1) were studied for a fixed chitosan concentration (0.5 g L−1) and the properties of the electrophoretic coatings obtained were characterized. Coating composition was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study both the surface and the cross section morphology of the coatings, and the thicknesses (2–6 μm) of the obtained coatings were correlated with the initial ceramic content. Contact angle measurements, as a preliminary study to predict hypothetic protein attachment on the coatings, were performed for different samples and the influence of a second chitosan layer on top of the coatings was also tested. Finally, the electrochemical behavior of the coatings, evaluated by polarization curves in DMEM at 37 °C, was studied in order to assess the corrosion resistance provided by the n-TiO2/chitosan coatings

New record of Marmosa (Stegomarmosa) andersoni Pine, 1972 (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae), a rare and endemic Peruvian marsupial

Marmosa (Stegomarmosa) andersoni Pine, 1972 is one of the rarest members of the genus Marmosa. This species is endemic to southeastern Peru and currently known from only 3 close localities in Cusco. Herein we report a new record for the species from Pasco, which extends its geographic distribution by 360 km and represents its northernmost recor

Biocompatibility of two model elastin‐like recombinamer‐based hydrogels formed through physical or chemical cross‐linking for various applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Producción CientíficaBiocompatibility studies, especially innate immunity induction, in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity, and fibrosis, are often lacking for many novel biomaterials including recombinant protein‐based ones, such as elastin‐like recombinamers (ELRs), and has not been extensively explored in the scientific literature, in contrast to traditional biomaterials. Herein, we present the results from a set of experiments designed to elucidate the preliminary biocompatibility of 2 types of ELRs that are able to form extracellular matrix‐like hydrogels through either physical or chemical cross‐linking both of which are intended for different applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Initially, we present in vitro cytocompatibility results obtained upon culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells on ELR substrates, showing optimal proliferation up to 9 days. Regarding in vivo cytocompatibility, luciferase‐expressing hMSCs were viable for at least 4 weeks in terms of bioluminescence emission when embedded in ELR hydrogels and injected subcutaneously into immunosuppressed mice. Furthermore, both types of ELR‐based hydrogels were injected subcutaneously in immunocompetent mice and serum TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, and IL‐10 concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, confirming the lack of inflammatory response, as also observed upon macroscopic and histological evaluation. All these findings suggest that both types of ELRs possess broad biocompatibility, thus making them very promising for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine‐related applications.European Commission (NMP-2014-646075, HEALTH-F4-2011-278557, PITN-GA-2012-317306 and MSCA-ITN-2014-642687)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Projects MAT2016-78903-R, MAT2016-79435-R, MAT2013-42473-R, MAT2013-41723-R and MAT2012-38043)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref.VA244U13 and VA313U14)Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y LeónInstituto de Salud Carlos III (grant RD12/0019/0017 )Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/86451/ 2012

Crecimiento de Saccharomyces boulardii con agavinas acetiladas como fuente de carbono

Las agavinas son polímeros de fructosa provenientes del agave. Poseen enlaces β (2-1) y β (2-6), característica que no permite su hidrolisis por enzimas digestivas y las clasifica como oligosacáridos no digeribles. Estas moléculas han tomado relevancia debido a sus diferentes aplicaciones como encapsulantes de componentes bioactivos para liberarlos en sitios específicos y su capacidad prebiótica. Las bacterias del intestino grueso y cepas probióticas como Saccharomyces boulardii pueden fermentar las agavinas, generando cambios positivos en la microbiota. En esta investigación se evaluó la fermentabilidad de agavinas nativas, comerciales y acetiladas por la levadura probiótica S. boulardii, con el fin de compararlos como fuentes de carbono. Como resultado se obtuvo que el desarrollo celular en el medio con agavinas acetiladas fue mayor (9,0x10⁶ UFC/mL) respecto a las comerciales (5,7x10⁶ UFC/mL) y nativas (7,5x10⁵ UFC/mL), sin embargo, su crecimiento no fue mayor al medio con glucosa (3,5x10⁷UFC/mL).Agavins are polymers of fructose from agave that have β (2-1) and β (2-6) bonds, a characteristic that makes them resistant to hydrolysis by digestive enzymes and are classified non-digestible oligosaccharides. Currently, agavins have become relevant due to their different applications as an encapsulant of bioactive compounds to release them at specific sites and for their prebiotic characteristics. Bacteria from the large intestine and probiotic strains such as Saccharomyces boulardii can ferment agavins, generating positive changes in the microbiota. In this research, the fermentability of native, commercial and acetylated agavins by the probiotic yeast S. boulardii was evaluated, in order to compare them as carbon sources. As a result, it was obtained that the cell growth in the medium with acetylated agavins was higher (9,0x10⁶ CFU/mL) compared to commercial ones (5,7x10⁶ CFU/mL) and native agavins (7,5x10⁵ CFU/mL), however, its growth was not greater than the medium with glucosa (3,5x10⁷ CFU/mL)

Global epidemiology and clinical outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and associated carbapenemases (POP): a prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a global threat, but the distribution and clinical significance of carbapenemases are unclear. The aim of this study was to define characteristics and outcomes of CRPA infections and the global frequency and clinical impact of carbapenemases harboured by CRPA. METHODS: We conducted an observational, prospective cohort study of CRPA isolated from bloodstream, respiratory, urine, or wound cultures of patients at 44 hospitals (10 countries) between Dec 1, 2018, and Nov 30, 2019. Clinical data were abstracted from health records and CRPA isolates were whole-genome sequenced. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality from the day the index culture was collected. We compared outcomes of patients with CRPA infections by infection type and across geographic regions and performed an inverse probability weighted analysis to assess the association between carbapenemase production and 30-day mortality. FINDINGS: We enrolled 972 patients (USA n=527, China n=171, south and central America n=127, Middle East n=91, Australia and Singapore n=56), of whom 581 (60%) had CRPA infections. 30-day mortality differed by infection type (bloodstream 21 [30%] of 69, respiratory 69 [19%] of 358, wound nine [14%] of 66, urine six [7%] of 88; p=0·0012) and geographical region (Middle East 15 [29%] of 52, south and central America 20 [27%] of 73, USA 60 [19%] of 308, Australia and Singapore three [11%] of 28, China seven [6%] of 120; p=0·0002). Prevalence of carbapenemase genes among CRPA isolates also varied by region (south and central America 88 [69%] of 127, Australia and Singapore 32 [57%] of 56, China 54 [32%] of 171, Middle East 27 [30%] of 91, USA ten [2%] of 527; p\u3c0·0001). KPC-2 (n=103 [49%]) and VIM-2 (n=75 [36%]) were the most common carbapenemases in 211 carbapenemase-producing isolates. After excluding USA patients, because few US isolates had carbapenemases, patients with carbapenemase-producing CRPA infections had higher 30-day mortality than those with non-carbapenemase-producing CRPA infections in both unadjusted (26 [22%] of 120 vs 19 [12%] of 153; difference 9%, 95% CI 3-16) and adjusted (difference 7%, 95% CI 1-14) analyses. INTERPRETATION: The emergence of different carbapenemases among CRPA isolates in different geographical regions and the increased mortality associated with carbapenemase-producing CRPA infections highlight the therapeutic challenges posed by these organisms. FUNDING: National Institutes of Health