La folie des mères

Le travail présenté ici, dans le cadre d’une thèse de doctorat en cours sur l’histoire de la folie puerpérale, se propose d’utiliser la catégorie de genre pour sortir de certaines impasses de l’histoire de la médecine. L’histoire du corps et de l’esprit de la mère, analysée dans la longue durée (XVIIe - XXe siècles), ainsi que dans une perspective comparatiste (France/Italie) nous permet de déceler les théories et les pratiques liés au diagnostic et d’en analyser les enjeux sociaux.This article is issued from a Phd in progress about history of puerperal insanity. In order to enlarge Medicine history point of view, we will use the gender category. The history of mother’s body and mind is analyzed in the long term (17th-20th centuries) and also in a comparative way (France/Italy). With this work, we hope to lighten theories and practices linked to the diagnosis and analyze their social stakes.Il presente lavoro, sviluppato nell’ambito di una tesi di dottorato in corso sulla storia della follia puerperale, si propone di utilizzare la categoria di genere per superare alcune problematiche della storia della medicina. La storia del corpo e della psiche della madre analizzate nella lunga durata (XVII-XX secolo) e in una prospettiva comparativa (Francia/Italia) permette di mostrare le teorie e le pratiche intorno alla diagnosi e di analizzarne le cause e le implicazioni sociali

« Folles de maternité ». Théories et pratiques d’internement autour du diagnostic de la folie puerpérale, XVIIe-XXe siècles, France-Italie.

Cette thèse d’histoire porte sur l’émergence sur la longue durée (XVIIe-XXe siècles) d’un diagnostic médical, celui de la folie puerpérale, avec l’objectif de comprendre à quel moment le diagnostic s’impose, pourquoi, et quelles sont ses transformations dans le temps et l’espace. Il faut en effet souligner la fortune de ce diagnostic qui fut, depuis ses origines, problématique à définir et à utiliser, mais qui survit encore aujourd’hui, peu métamorphosé, dans les manuels de psychiatrie, de pé..

Documentos para una historia del teatro argentino

Se acababa de fundar y organizar jurídica, política y socialmente la capital de la provincia de Buenos Aires, primera en su tipo en el país. Las autoridades nacionales y provinciales habían decretado la construcción de los principales edificios públicos, hospitales y templos. El quehacer cotidiano comenzaba a dar vida a las calles y avenidas de la naciente ciudad. Cada uno de los organismos que la componían cobraban mayor importancia, se afianzaban y proyectaban hacia el interior de la Provincia. Poco a poco se trató de satisfacer las necesidades e inquietudes de la población, y es así como se hicieron posibles los primeros espectáculos públicos.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Documentos para una historia del teatro argentino

Se acababa de fundar y organizar jurídica, política y socialmente la capital de la provincia de Buenos Aires, primera en su tipo en el país. Las autoridades nacionales y provinciales habían decretado la construcción de los principales edificios públicos, hospitales y templos. El quehacer cotidiano comenzaba a dar vida a las calles y avenidas de la naciente ciudad. Cada uno de los organismos que la componían cobraban mayor importancia, se afianzaban y proyectaban hacia el interior de la Provincia. Poco a poco se trató de satisfacer las necesidades e inquietudes de la población, y es así como se hicieron posibles los primeros espectáculos públicos.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Plant-Growth Promoting Microbes Change the Photosynthetic Response to Light Quality in Spinach

In this study, the combined effect of plant growth under different light quality and the application of plant-growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) was considered on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) to assess the influence of these factors on the photosynthetic performance. To pursue this goal, spinach plants were grown in a growth chamber at two different light quality regimes, full- spectrum white light (W) and red-blue light (RB), with (I) or without (NI) PGPM-based inoculants. Photosynthesis-light response curves (LRC) and photosynthesis-CO2 response curves (CRC) were performed for the four growth conditions (W-NI, RB-NI, W-I, and RB-I). At each step of LRC and CRC, net photosynthesis (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), Ci/Ca ratio, water use efficiency (WUEi), and fluorescence indexes were calculated. Moreover, parameters derived from the fitting of LRC, such as light-saturated net photosynthesis (PNmax), apparent light efficiency (Qpp), and dark respiration (Rd), as well as the Rubisco large subunit amount, were also determined. In not-inoculated plants, the growth under RB- regime improved PN compared to W-light because it increased stomatal conductance and favored the Rubisco synthesis. Furthermore, the RB regime also stimulates the processes of light conversion into chemical energy through chloroplasts, as indicated by the higher values of Qpp and PNmax in RB compared to W plants. On the contrary, in inoculated plants, the PN enhancement was significantly higher in W (30%) than in RB plants (17%), which showed the highest Rubisco content among all treatments. Our results indicate that the plant-growth-promoting microbes alter the photosynthetic response to light quality. This issue must be considered when PGPMs are used to improve plant growth performance in a controlled environment using artificial lighting

Glucan particles loaded with a NIRF agent for imaging monocytes/macrophages recruitment in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis

Glucan Particles (GPs) are hollow pseudo-microspheres (average diameter 3?5 mm) obtained from common baker´s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which mannan, lipids and proteins are removed through a process of chemical extraction. GPs shell is mostly made of 1,3-b-D-glucan that allows for their prompt in vivo uptake by immune system cells. In this work, the inner cavity of the particles has been loaded with two amphiphilic fluorescent dyes (based on cyanine for in vivo imaging purposes and rhodamine for ex vivo microscopy experiments) through a sudden change in solvent polarity that allowed the entrapment of the molecules as microemulsion. The ability of fluorescent GPs to label immune cells in vivo and report on their recruitment in inflamed sites has been successfully demonstrated in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) by NIRF imaging. Besides providing the visualization of the mononuclear cell infiltration in the lesion, the fluorescent signal well correlated with the clinical score associated with the disease. Very interestingly, the signal detected in lesions with the same clinical score allowed the assessment of the time evolution (progression or remission) of the pathology.Fil: Garello, Francesca. Universitã â  Di Torino; ItaliaFil: Arena, Francesca. Universitã â  Di Torino; ItaliaFil: Cutrin, Juan Carlos. Universitã â  Di Torino; Italia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (i); ArgentinaFil: Esposito, Giovanna. Universita di Torino; ItaliaFil: D'angeli, Luca. University Of London; Reino UnidoFil: Cesano, Federico. Universita di Torino; ItaliaFil: Filippi, Miriam. Universitã â  Di Torino; ItaliaFil: Figueiredo, Sara. Universitã â  Di Torino; Italia. Universidad de Coimbra; PortugalFil: Terreno, Enzo. Universita di Torino; Itali

Imaging of Inflammation in Spinal Cord Injury: Novel Insights on the Usage of PFC-Based Contrast Agents

Labeling of macrophages with perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based compounds allows the visualization of inflammatory processes by 19F-magnetic resonance imaging (19F-MRI), due to the absence of endogenous background. Even if PFC-labeling of monocytes/macrophages has been largely investigated and used, information is lacking about the impact of these agents over the polarization towards one of their cell subsets and on the best way to image them. In the present work, a PFC-based nanoemulsion was developed to monitor the course of inflammation in a model of spinal cord injury (SCI), a pathology in which the understanding of immunological events is of utmost importance to select the optimal therapeutic strategies. The effects of PFC over macrophage polarization were studied in vitro, on cultured macrophages, and in vivo, in a mouse SCI model, by testing and comparing various cell tracking protocols, including single and multiple administrations, the use of MRI or Point Resolved Spectroscopy (PRESS), and application of pre-saturation of Kupffer cells. The blood half-life of nanoemulsion was also investigated by 19F Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). In vitro and in vivo results indicate the occurrence of a switch towards the M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype, suggesting a possible theranostic function of these nanoparticles. The comparative work presented here allows the reader to select the most appropriate protocol according to the research objectives (quantitative data acquisition, visual monitoring of macrophage recruitment, theranostic purpose, rapid MRI acquisition, etc.). Finally, the method developed here to determine the blood half-life of the PFC nanoemulsion can be extended to other fluorinated compounds

The Use of a Plant-Based Biostimulant Improves Plant Performances and Fruit Quality in Tomato Plants Grown at Elevated Temperatures.

Abiotic stresses can cause a substantial decline in fruit quality due to negative impacts on plant growth, physiology and reproduction. The objective of this study was to verify if the use of a biostimulant based on plant and yeast extracts, rich in amino acids and that contains microelements (boron, zinc and manganese) can ensure good crop yield and quality in tomato plants grown at elevated temperatures (up to 42 C). We investigated physiological responses of four di↵erent tomato landraces that were cultivated under plastic tunnel and treated with the biostimulant CycoFlow. The application of the biostimulant stimulated growth (plants up to 48.5% taller) and number of fruits (up to 105.3%). In plants treated with the biostimulant, antioxidants contents were higher compared to non-treated plants, both in leaves and in fruits. In particular, the content of ascorbic acid increased after treatments with CycoFlow. For almost all the traits studied, the e↵ect of the biostimulant depended on the genotype it was applied on. Altogether, the use of the biostimulant on tomato plants led to better plant performances at elevated temperatures, that could be attributed also to a stronger antioxidant defence system, and to a better fruit nutritional quality