423 research outputs found
Síndrome de Cotard: dois casos de recusa alimentar
Introdução: A Síndrome de Cotard é uma
condição clínica relativamente rara que se caracteriza
por vários graus de delírios niilistas,
quase sempre na forma de auto-negação.
Objectivos: Descrever dois casos de Síndrome
de Cotard associados a recusa alimentar e realizar
uma revisão do conceito e das características
clínicas desta síndrome.
Métodos: Realizou-se a recolha de informa-
ção de dois casos clínicos associados a recusa
alimentar. Procedeu-se a uma revisão do
conceito e das características clínicas que lhe
estão associadas.
Resultados e Conclusões: O primeiro caso
versa sobre uma mulher que acreditava que
o seu esófago e estômago estariam colados.
Foi medicada com sertralina, mirtazapina e
risperidona, com bons resultados. O segundo
caso descreve um homem que acreditava
que a sua garganta fora queimada e que não
possuía nenhum órgão interno. Foi medicado
com clomipramina e risperidona, mostrando
grande melhoria. Esta síndrome é uma entidade
nosológica e clínica que não deve ser esquecida.
É essencial fornecer uma abordagem
terapêutica urgente e adequada em pacientes
com esta síndrome.Background: Cotard´s syndrome is a relatively
rare condition characterized by various
degrees of nihilist delusions, often in the
form of self-negation.
Aims: To report two cases of Cotard’s syndrome
associated with self-starvation and to
review the concept and clinical features of
the condition.
Methods: Two clinical cases of the syndrome
were obtained and a literature review of the
theme was shortly surveyed.
Results and Conclusions: The first case is
about a woman who believed that her esophagus
and stomach were glued. She was
treated with sertraline, mirtazapine and risperidone
with good results. The second case
describes a man who believed his throat was
burnt and he had no internal organs. He
was treated with clomipramine and risperidone
showing great improvement.
This syndrome is a nosological and clinical
entity that should not be forgotten. It is essential to provide an urgent and adequate
therapeutic approach to these patients
Ventricular BNP gene expression in acute cardiac overload
INTRODUCTION:B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) plasma levels have important diagnostic and prognostic implications in heart failure (HF). Recently, aside from its natriuretic effect, antiproliferative and antifibrotic actions of BNP on the cardiovascular system have been described. Under physiological conditions the atria are the main source of this peptide, while its ventricular expression is still controversial. The aim of this work was to evaluate, in an animal model, the ventricular expression of BNP in normal hearts, at baseline and under acute cardiac overload.METHODS:Anesthetized open chest male Wistar rats (n=18) were instrumented with a micromanometer in the right ventricular cavity for pressure assessment. Randomization for three different protocols was then performed: (i) pressure overload for a period of 6 hours (SPr; n = 6), by pulmonary trunk banding, in order to double basal right ventricular systolic pressure; (ii) volume overload with a six-hour perfusion of Dextran 40 (SVol; n = 6), to raise end-diastolic right ventricular pressure fourfold; (iii) sham operated rats (n = 6). Transmural samples from the right ventricular free wall were then obtained for quantification of BNP mRNA by RT and quantitative real-time PCR. The results are expressed as mean+/-SEM (number molecules of mRNA BNP)/(ng total mRNA); p < 0.05.RESULTS:A basal expression of BNP was identified in the sham group (3.6x10(7) +/- 1.7x10(7)). BNP mRNA levels were elevated in both the SPr and SVol groups (+123.1 +/- 46.3% SPr and +171.6 +/- 87.7% SVol).CONCLUSIONS:Acute cardiac pressure and volume overload are associated with increased ventricular BNP gene expression. Our results suggest that BNP may be involved in early ventricular remodeling
Composition and evaluation of the lethality of Lippia gracilis essential oil to adults of Biomphalaria glabrata and larvae of Artemia salina
Lippia gracilis essential oil (LGEO) was evaluated for its molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata and toxicity to brine shrimps (Artemia salina). L. gracilis was collected from the city Tomar do Gerú- Sergipe, Brazil. The LGEO were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The values of LC10, LC50 and LC90 were respectively 36.9, 62.2 and 82.8 ppm for B. glabrata and 19.6, 23.6 and 26.1 ppm for A. salina. GC/MS analysis showed a total volatile content of 98.6% in the LGEO. The major components were identified as thymol (24.0%), p-cymene (15.9%), methyl-thymol (11.7%), γ-terpinene (10.9%) and β-caryophyllene (7.8%).Keywords: Chemical composition, Lippia species, molluscicidal activity, Verbenacea
Volatile constituents and behavioral change induced by Cymbopogon winterianus leaf essential oil in rodents
Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (‘Java citronella’) is an important essential oil yielding aromatic grass cultivated in India and Brazil and its volatile essential oils extracted from its leaves are used in perfumery, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and flavoring industries. However, there is no report on any psychopharmacological study of C. winterianus leaf essential oil (LEO) available to date. In this study, the pharmacological effects of the LEO were investigated in animal models and its phytochemical analyses. GC-MS analysis showed a mixture of monoterpenes, as citronellal (36.19%), geraniol (32.82%) and citronellol (11.37%). LEO exhibited an inhibitory effect on the locomotor activity of mice, an antinociceptive effect by increasing the reaction time in the writhing and capsaicin tests. All doses induced a significant increase in the sleeping time of animals not having modified however, the latency. The LEO did not alter the remaining time of the animals on the rota-rod apparatus. These results suggest a possible central effect.Key words: Cymbopogon winterianus, essential oil, CNS, behavioral effects, analgesic
VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN BRAZIL: SCENARIOS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL
Adaptation of the vector and displacement of infected dogs to previously disease-free areas challenges visceral leishmaniasis (VL) control, and leads to geographic dispersion and occurrence in urban and peri-urban areas. Continuous VL control measures over time must be applied with a wide geographic reach, along with better diagnosis practices and timely treatment. The high case-fatality of human VL in areas of recent introduction and its growing association with HIV impose the need for an early diagnosis, treatment and the adoption of active search for human and canine cases incorporated into the routine of periodic home visits by health professionals. The increasing on public rejection of canine euthanasia as a control measure, the limitations of canine therapy with the current available drugs, and the controversies regarding available vaccines for canine protection are discussed. Good prospects on the insecticide-impregnated collars as an effective control measure are emphasized
A new method to quantify and compare the multiple components of fitness-A study case with kelp niche partition by divergent microstage adaptations to Temperature
Point 1 Management of crops, commercialized or protected species, plagues or life-cycle evolution are subjects requiring comparisons among different demographic strategies. The simpler methods fail in relating changes in vital rates with changes in population viability whereas more complex methods lack accuracy by neglecting interactions among vital rates. Point 2 The difference between the fitness (evaluated by the population growth rate.) of two alternative demographies is decomposed into the contributions of the differences between the pair-wised vital rates and their interactions. This is achieved through a full Taylor expansion (i.e. remainder = 0) of the demographic model. The significance of each term is determined by permutation tests under the null hypothesis that all demographies come from the same pool. Point 3 An example is given with periodic demographic matrices of the microscopic haploid phase of two kelp cryptic species observed to partition their niche occupation along the Chilean coast. The method provided clear and synthetic results showing conditional differentiation of reproduction is an important driver for their differences in fitness along the latitudinal temperature gradient. But it also demonstrated that interactions among vital rates cannot be neglected as they compose a significant part of the differences between demographies. Point 4 This method allows researchers to access the effects of multiple effective changes in a life-cycle from only two experiments. Evolutionists can determine with confidence the effective causes for changes in fitness whereas population managers can determine best strategies from simpler experimental designs.CONICYT-FRENCH EMBASSADY Ph.D. gran
Characterization of peri-infarct zone by CMR is a robust predictor of major adverse events and is strongly associated with systemic inflammatory response post-myocardial infarction
[No abstract available
Prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns entre residentes em áreas urbanas de Feira de Santana, Bahia
Temporal relationship between rainfall, temperature and occurrence of dengue cases in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
DIVERSITY AND INFECTIVITY POTENTIAL OF EMERGING FUNGI IN AN AREA OF BABAÇU TREES IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO, BRAZIL
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