Biologia e competição intra-específica de taquinídeos sobre o hospedeiro, Diatraea saccharalis em condições de laboratório

This assay was carried out at the Laboratório de Controle Biológico do IAA/PANALSUCAR, Coordonadoria Regional - Sul, Araras, SP, Brazil, and its objective was to know some biological parameters and the intraspecific competition of the tachinid flies, Metagonistylum minense Towns., 1927 and Paratheresia claripalpis Wulp, 1896, both parasitoids of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr., 1794). One thousand inoculations with five replications were made for 200 larvae, aiming to observe the biology of these tachinids. The mean larval period for M. minense was 8.49 days and the weight of single pupae (one maggot per larva) was 39.53 mg. The mean larval period for P. claripalpis was 10.48 days and the mean weight of single pupae was 53.73 mg. For the intraspecific competition between these species it was observed that it is significant in P. claripalpis, where the weight of triple pupae was about 50.94% lower than the weight of single pupae whereas for M. minense this reduction was about 42.73%. The mean number of maggots obtained per female for P. claripalpis was 374.46 ± 22.61 and 438.86 ± 22.35 for M. minense.Esta pesquisa foi conduzida no laboratório de Controle Biológico da Coordenadoria Regional Sul do IAA/PLANALSUCAR, Araras, SP. Teve por objetivo determinar alguns dos parâmetros biológicos e a competição intra-específica das moscas Metagonistylum minense Towns., 1927, e Paratheresia claripalpis Wulp, 1896, parasitóides da broca-da-cana, Diatraea saccharalis Fabr., 1794. Foram feitas 1.000 inoculações com cinco repetições de 200 lagartas para cada espécie, visando acompanhar a biologia destes taquinídeos. O período larval médio para M. minense foi de 8,49 dias e o peso médio dos pupários "simples" foi de 39,52 mg. Para a espécie P. claripalpis, o período larval médio foi de 10,48 dias, sendo o peso médio dos pupários "simples" de 53,73 mg. Quanto à competição intra-específica, observou-se que ela é mais acentuada em P. claripalpis, onde o peso médio dos pupários "triplos" foi cerca de 50,94% inferior ao peso de pupários "simples", enquanto para M. minense esta redução foi cerca de 42,73%. O número médio de larvas geradas por fêmea da espécie P. claripalpis foi de 374,46 ± 22,61, e de M. minense 438,86 ± 22,35

Scientific production on workplace bullying/harassment in dissertations and theses in the Brazilian scenario

OBJECTIVE To analyze scientific production about workplace bullying and harassment in dissertations and theses in Brazil, with emphasis on the year of publication; educational institution; area of knowledge; professional and academic background of the authors; keywords used; and concept map organization. METHOD Bibliometric study with a quantitative approach with a sample consisting of 57 papers, 5 theses and 52 dissertations, published between 2002 and 2012. RESULTS It was found that 2012 was the year with the highest number of publications in this topic area. The region that stood out was the Southeast. The institution with the highest number of publications was the Federal University of Santa Catarina. There was a predominance of dissertations and most publications were produced by researchers focused on a multidisciplinary perspective. CONCLUSION Expanding the views regarding bullying in order to disseminate scientific production was proposed, promoting further advancement of debates and raising pertinent questions

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Microscopy Images as Interactive Tools in Cell Modeling and Cell Biology Education

The advent of genomics, proteomics, and microarray technology has brought much excitement to science, both in teaching and in learning. The public is eager to know about the processes of life. In the present context of the explosive growth of scientific information, a major challenge of modern cell biology is to popularize basic concepts of structures and functions of living cells, to introduce people to the scientific method, to stimulate inquiry, and to analyze and synthesize concepts and paradigms. In this essay we present our experience in mixing science and education in Brazil. For two decades we have developed activities for the science education of teachers and undergraduate students, using microscopy images generated by our work as cell biologists. We describe open-air outreach education activities, games, cell modeling, and other practical and innovative activities presented in public squares and favelas. Especially in developing countries, science education is important, since it may lead to an improvement in quality of life while advancing understanding of traditional scientific ideas. We show that teaching and research can be mutually beneficial rather than competing pursuits in advancing these goals