Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Análise de indicadores de risco para hipertensão arterial em crianças e adolescentes Análisis de indicadores de riesgo para la hipertensión arterial en niños y adolescentes Analysis of risk indicators for the arterial hypertension in children and teenagers

O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar os indicadores de risco para a hipertensão arterial em crianças e adolescentes. Estudo transversal desenvolvido com 342 indivíduos de seis a 18 anos de uma escola da cidade de Fortaleza (CE). A maioria eram homens (51,5%). A média de idade foi 11,73 anos ( 3,19). Foram freqüentes os escolares com sobrepeso / obesidade (16,8%) e com pressão arterial acima do percentil 90 (44,7%). Sedentarismo, tabagismo e etilismo estiveram presentes em 51,5%, 38% e 15,5% dos avaliados. A pressão arterial sistólica esteve correlacionada com as variáveis: idade, peso, estatura, perímetros da cintura e do quadril, prega subescapular e Índice de Massa Corporal. Houve correlação da pressão arterial diastólica com idade, peso, estatura, perímetros da cintura e do quadril. Confirma-se a influência de fatores de risco sobre os valores da pressão arterial em jovens. A pressão arterial sistólica foi especialmente influenciada por indicadores antropométricos.<br>El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar los indicadores de riesgo para la hipertensión arterial en niños y adolescentes. Se trata de un estudio transversal desarrollado con 342 individuos de seis a dieciocho años de una escuela de la ciudad de Fortaleza (CE). La mayoría eran hombres (51,5%). El promedio de edad fue de 11,73 años ( 3,19). Fueron frecuentes los escolares con sobre peso / obesidad (16,8%) y con presión arterial encima del percentil 90 (44,7%). Sedentarismo, tabaquismo y etilismo estuvieron presentes en el 51,5%, 38% y 15,5% de los evaluados. La presión arterial sistólica presentó correlación con las variables: edad, peso, estatura, perímetros de la cintura y de la cadera, pliegue subescapular e Índice de Masa Corporal. Se identificó correlación de la presión arterial diastólica con la edad, peso, estatura, perímetros de la cintura y de la cadera. Se confirma la influencia de factores de riesgo sobre los valores de la presión arterial en jóvenes. La presión arterial sistólica estuvo especialmente influenciada por indicadores antropométricos.<br>The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk indicators for high blood pressure in children and teenagers. A cross-sectional study developed with 342 individuals of 6-18 years of age in a school of Fortaleza city. The most individuals were male (51,5%). The age mean was 11,7 years ( 3,19). It was frequent the scholars with overweight / obesity (16,8%) and blood pressure above of the 90th percentile (44,7%). Sedentarism, smoking and drinking were present in 51,5%, 38% and 15,5% of the sample. The systolic blood pressure was correlated with the variable age, weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, subscapular skin-fold thickness and body mass index. There was correlation of the diastolic blood pressure with age, weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences. It was confirm the influence of risk factors on the blood pressure values of children and teenagers. The systolic blood pressure was especially influenced by anthropometric indicators

Intraregional Migration in Latin America: Psychological perspectives on acculturation and intergroup relations.

This book addresses the psychosocial causes, consequences, and underpinnings of intraregional migration in Latin America. War, political instability, and disparities in wealth and opportunity have long driven migration within Latin America, and this process shows no sign of slowing. In this book, cross-cultural and social psychologists address the urgent issues that face migrants throughout Central and South America. This includes overt prejudice and discrimination, particularly toward immigrants of indigenous or African-American origin; microaggressions; the tendency to positively value fair skin and European surnames; as well as political questions regarding the nature of citizenship and nationhood and links between legacies of colonialism and slavery and present-day inequality. Contributors offer conceptual, theoretical, and methodological tools for understanding the psychological processes that underlie migration and intergroup contact. Chapters focus on migration between and within countries in Central and South America, including Chile, Argentina, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Peru, and Brazil.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIP

Inventário de Arnett de Busca de Sensações (AISS): testando diferentes modelos fatoriais Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS): testing different factorial models

O estudo do traço de busca de sensações permite explicar diversos comportamentos de risco. Considerando sua relevância e a ausência de medida específica no Brasil, decidiu-se adaptar o Inventário de Arnett de Busca de Sensações. Este é formado por 20 itens, medindo dois fatores: novidade e intensidade. Participaram da pesquisa 279 estudantes do ensino médio de escolas particulares e públicas, com idade média de 17 anos, igualmente distribuídos quanto ao sexo, provenientes de João Pessoa (n=108) e Teresina (n=171). Por meio de análises fatoriais confirmatórias, testaram-se quatro modelos, segundo o número de fatores (um ou dois) e itens (12 ou 20). Os resultados mostraram que o modelo bifatorial reduzido apresentou melhores índices de ajuste. Os fatores e a pontuação total desse instrumento apresentaram consistência interna aceitável, estando correlacionados com sexo e idade dos participantes. Tais resultados justificam a utilização dessa medida em estudos futuros.<br>The study of sensation seeking trait is able to explain several risky behaviors. Considering its relevance and the lack of specific instruments to measure it in Brazil, it was decided to adapt the Arnett Inventory of Sensation. It is composed by 20 items, measuring two factors: novelty and intensity. Participants were 279 high school students of private and public schools from João Pessoa (n=108) and Teresina (n=171). They had mean age of 17 years old, being equally distributed for sex. Using confirmatory factor analysis, four models were tested according to the number of factors (one or two) and items (12 or 20). Results showed that the reduced bifactorial model presented the best fit indices. The factors and the total score of this instrument presented acceptable internal consistency, being correlated with sex and age. These results justify the use of this instrument in subsequent studies