Peptidome and Proteome Peritoneal Dialysate Evolutionary Atlas (P3DEVOATLAS)

Peritoneal membrane (PM) failure in patients with end stage renal disease submitted to peritoneal dialysis (PD) cannot be predicted and does not occur in every patient in the same sequence and to the same extent. Moreover, long-term PD leads to morphological and functional alterations in the PM, reducing the lifespan of this dialysis up to five years, and forcing the replacement of PD by other renal replacement therapies. This represents a lower quality of life for the patients and extra cost of tens of million euros per year for the Portuguese National Health System. Peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) represents an underestimated biochemical window into the peritoneum and a useful reservoir of potential clinical biomarkers. Therefore, this work aims to develop longitudinal studies to unravel the evolution of the peptidome and proteome of the PDE with time, to identify specific molecular changes that can be particularly interesting for the understanding and early detection of long-term PM alterations. To achieve this goal, mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods are needed to improve PDE proteome and peptidome analysis and to overcome some drawbacks that can arise from such a complex biological sample that can hamper the proteome and peptidome coverage. For this reason, this thesis is focused also in the use of sample treatments and methodologies to reduce PDE sample complexity prior to MS analysis. Therefore, different methods of sample treatment were assessed with success as proteomics tools for getting insight into the PDE proteome and peptidome. Furthermore, this research constitutes the first proteome and peptidome-based longitudinal study of PD patient. In addition, the results represent the highest proteome and peptidome coverage ever achieved for this complex sample. Hence, this knowledge could be useful for the proteomic and clinical PD-devoted research community

CPP–ACP pretreatment effect on microshear bond strength of simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive systems plus a flowable composite to enamel

This study evaluated the effect of a casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate based paste (MI Paste) on the microshear bond strength (MSBS) of different simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive systems on enamel. Roots were removed from 90 bovine incisors, and the facial enamel was ground flat. Teeth were randomized into nine groups, according to the enamel pretreatment (without or with application of MI Paste for 1 or 2 min) and the adhesive system used (Single Bond, Stae, or Ambar). Composite cylindrical blocks (2 mm height × 1 mm diameter) were built, stored in water for 24 h, and subjected to the microshear test in a universal testing machine with a load of 0.5 mm/min. Failure modes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Data were submitted for statistical analysis by a two-way ANOVA, followed by multiple comparisons with Tukey test (α = 5%). The Ambar group presented the highest MSBS values. Pretreatment with MI Paste for 2 min improved bonding in the Single Bond and Stae groups. In all groups, adhesive failures were most frequent. In conclusion, Ambar presented better performance and did not need any pretreatment. The enamel MSBS of the other simplified adhesive systems was improved by the pretreatment with MI Paste, depending on the time of application29210911

Common calcaneal tendon repair with glycerin-preserved carotid artery xenografts and autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in rabbits

Fifteen adult rabbits were used to evaluate the repair of experimental common calcaneal tendon defects treated with glycerin-preserved canine carotid artery xenografts alone or associated with autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells (AMCs). Rabbits were submitted to daily clinical examination; implanted sites were analyzed under light microscopy within 15, 30 and 60 days of surgery. Pelvic limbs receiving xenografts associated with AMCs had better physical performance as well as higher collagen fiber, fibroblast, lymphocyte and new vessel counts at all postoperative time points considered. Glycerin-preserved canine carotid artery xenografts associated with AMCs constituted an effective method for common calcaneal tendon repair in rabbits. Utilizou-se 15 coelhos adultos para avaliar o reparo de lesão do tendão calcanear comum com implante de artéria carótida de cães, preservada em glicerina, associado ou não a células mononucleares autólogas da medula óssea (CMAs). Os animais foram observados diariamente por meio de avaliações clínicas e o local do implante foi analisado sob microscopia de luz decorridos 15, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório. Notou-se em todos os períodos de observação, com o implante associado às CMAs, melhor desempenho físico dos membros pélvico e maior intensidade de fibras colágenas, fibroblastos e linfócitos e neovascularização. A utilização de xenoimplante de artéria carótida de cães preservada em glicerina associado à administração de células mononucleares da medula óssea foi eficiente no reparo do tendão calcanear comum de coelhos

Comparison of palmar digital neurectomy by the guillotine technique and palmar digital neurotomy associated with end-to-side neurorrhaphy in mares

O nervo digital palmar (NDP) lateral do membro torácico direito (MTD) de cinco equinos fêmeas foi submetido à neurectomia pela técnica da guilhotina, e o do membro torácico esquerdo (MTE) à neurotomia e neurorrafia término-lateral. Os animais foram avaliados a cada 15 dias quanto ao teste de sensibilidade cutânea com pressão local com pinça de casco e de claudicação, não sendo notados sinais clínicos de neuroma doloroso. Aos 60 dias pós-cirurgia coletou-se segmentos dos cotos proximais dos NDPs. Os dos MTDs apresentavam em média, a espessura de 7,16 mm e aos dos MTEs de 5,96 mm. Nos cotos proximais dos nervos dos membros direito e esquerdo notou-se predominância de células de Schwann à grande quantidade de tecido conjuntivo cicatricial. Os do MTEs apresentavam estruturas de nervo típico, bem constituídas, com maior organização do tecido nervoso e predomínio de fibras nervosas orientadas paralelamente. A neurorrafia termino-lateral apresentou tendência a ocasionar maior organização entre as estruturas analisadas, o que lhe conferiu menor potencial em desenvolver neuromas dolorosos.Five mares were submitted to palmar digital neurectomy by the guillotine technique and palmar digital neurotomy followed by end-to-side neurorrhaphy (right and left thoracic limbs, respectively). Mares were checked for local pain sensation using hoof tester and submitted to lameness workup at 15-day intervals. No evidence of painful neuroma formation was detected. Palmar digital nerve (PDN) stump segments were collected within 60 days of surgery. Mean left and right limb PDN stump thickness corresponded to 5.96 mm and 7.16 mm, respectively. Schwann cells prevailed over connective healing tissue in all PDN stumps studied. Well-formed nerve-like structures with better organized nervous tissue and predominance of parallel nerve fiber orientation were documented in left limb PDN stumps. End-to-side neurorrhaphy tended to promote tissue organization, potentially reducing the chances of neuroma formation

Efeito do tamanho de sementes sobre a tolerância do feijoeiro ao s-metolachlor, em condições de baixa temperatura

The objective of the work was evaluate the potential phytotoxic effects of s-metolachlor herbicide on different sizes of seeds of a single bean variety cultivar belonging to a same lot, in low temperature conditions. The experiment was carried out in a growth chamber with 12 hours photofase, 16/13 ± 3°C (day/night) temperature (until plant emergence) and 300 umol of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)/m2 s. The cultivar used was Pérola, belonging to the Carioca group. The treatments included the combination of three seed sizes (sieves 14, 18 and 21) and four s-metolachlor doses (0.00, 0.96, 2.88 and 4.80 kg/ha), totalling 12 treatments. The herbicide was applied preemergence, the following evaluations being carried out: 1) time (days) until the emergence of 75% of the seedlings; 2) number of emerged plant in the crop; 3) visual toxicity; 4) final plant height; 5) final dry matter of the aerial part; and 6) final dry matter of the roots. The larger the seed size the most retarded was the emergence of the bean plant. The seed sizes together with the s-metolachlor levels did not interfere in the number of emerged plants. The increase in the s-metolachlor doses caused higher reduction in the dry matter of the aerial part of the bean plants than the roots, for ali the seeds sizes. Plants from larger seeds presented high herbicide toxicity levels, reaching 71% of symptoms at the highest s-metolachlor dose (4,80 kg/ha) and largest seed size (sieve 21), though no dry matter reduction was observed. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do herbicida s-metolachlor sobre plantas de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), oriundas de sementes com diferentes tamanhos, cultivadas em condições de baixa temperatura. O experimento foi conduzido em câmara de crescimento com fotoperíodo de 12 h, temperatura média de 16/13 ± 3°C (dia/noite) e 300 umol de radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA)/m2s, tendo sido utilizado o cultivar Pérola, pertencente ao grupo Carioca. Os tratamentos foram formados por todas as combinações de três tamanhos de sementes (peneiras 14, 18 e 21) e de quatro doses de smetolachlor (0,00 , 0,96 , 2,88 e 4,80 kg/ha), totalizando 12 tratamentos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (3x4) com quatro repetições. O herbicida foi aplicado em pré-emergência, sendo realizadas as seguintes avaliações: 1) tempo gasto (dias) até a emergência de 75% das plântulas; 2) estande final; 3) percentagem de toxicidade; 4) altura das plantas; 5) biomassa seca da parte aérea; e 6) biomassa seca das raízes. Observouse relação inversa entre o tamanho das sementes e velocidade de emergência das plântulas de feijão. O tamanho das sementes e as doses do s-metolachlor aplicadas não interferiram no número de plantas emergidas. O aumento nas doses do s-metolachlor reduziu o acúmulo de biomassa seca da parte aérea das plantas de feijão em maior intensidade do que a das raízes, para todos os tamanhos de sementes. Plantas de feijão provenientes de sementes maiores (peneira 21) apresentaram maior toxicidade visual (71 %) ao s-metolachlor na maior dose aplicada, não apresentando, contudo, redução na biomassa.

Influence of multicomponent exercise program or self-selected physical activity on physical, mental, and biochemical health indicators of older women

The aim of this study was to compare physical, mental, and biochemical health indicators of 48 older women (67 ± 1 year) who practiced multicomponent exercise program (ME, n = 25) and self-selected physical activity (PA, n = 23) for 6 months. It was an observational study, which aimed to relate a prospective intervention. Displacement speed, lower limb (LL) power, functional capacity, body composition, biochemical profile, physical activity levels (PAL), sedentary behavior (SB), quality of life (QoL), and mental illness risk (MIR) were evaluated. ME presented better values compared to the PA in the gait speed (p = 0.001, large ES), aerobic capacity (p = 0.0001, large ES), agility/dynamic balance (p = 0.0001, large ES), LL flexibility (p = 0.0003, large ES), UL flexibility (p = 0.04, large ES), upper limb (UL) strength (p = 0.07, moderate ES), Total cholesterol (p = 0.009, large ES), triglycerides (p = 0.003, large ES), creatinine (p = 0.007, large ES), glycated hemoglobin (p= 0.007, large ES), and lower mean glucose value (p = 0.008, large ES). ME was more efficient than PA to improve indicators of gait speed, and functional capacity, regulate glycated hemoglobin, blood glucose, and serum creatinine. Thys study also brings practical applications for coaches, which could adapt and use creativity to develop different types of systematized ME, aiming to enhance positive adaptations in the older people at multilevel outcomes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation of the buccal vestibule-palatal diffusion of 4% articaine hydrochloride in impacted maxillary third molar extractions

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the vestibular-palatal diffusion of 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 and 1:200,000, in impacted maxillary third molar extractions, without palatal injection. Materials and Method: Two hundred teeth were selected from patients age 15 to 46. Patients were divided into 4 groups: 1A, were anesthetized with 4% articaine 1:100,000 and the surgery was initiated 5 minutes following anesthesia. 1B, used 4% articaine 1:100,000 but the surgery was started 10 minutes after anesthesia. 2A, used 4% articaine 1:200,000 the surgery was started 5 minutes after. 2B, used 4% articaine 1:200,000 but 10 minutes was allowed for anesthetic diffusion before the initiation of in groups (50 extractions each) only buccal vestibule anesthesia was initially administered (i.e. no palatal injections were used). Results: The rate of sufficient vestibule-palatal diffusion, as determined by the lack of necessity of supplemental palatal anesthesia, was: 1A(84%), 1B(98%), 2A(78%), 2B(82%). Chi-square (X2) and residual analyses showed that a higher vestibule-palatal diffusion was obtained using 4% articaine 1:100,000 with a period of 10 minutes (p<0.05). Conclusions: Most of the extractions could be performed only with vestibule anesthesia. However, vasoconstrictor concentration and the time interval between administration of the anesthetic and initiation of surgery did influence buccal vestibule-palatal diffusion of 4% articaine in the extraction models used