PERAN SERIKAT PEKERJA DALAM MENETAPKAN UPAH MINIMUM SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN UPAH BAGI TENAGA KERJA

Abstrak Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah peran dan fungsi FSPTSK dalam penetapan upah minimum kabupaten/kota Tangerang – Banten dan bagaimanakah peranan FSPTSK dalam melindungi hak – hak buruh sesuai Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui peran dan fungsi FSPTSK dalam penetapan upah minimum kabupaten/kota Tangerang – Banten dan untuk mengetahui peranan FSPTSK dalam melindungi hak – hak buruh sesuai Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Dalam melakukan penelitian, metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian normative, tipe penelitian yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan dan studi dokumen. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data sekunder, dimana data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini sesuai dengan permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian, penulis memilih lokasi disekretariat FSPTSK Kota Tangerang, Analisis data dilakukan terhadap data yang bersumber dari pengetahuan dan pengalaman responden yang diperoleh langsung dari responden di lapangan melalui wawancara dengan pihak FSPTSK. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah peran dan fungsi FSPTSK dalam penetapan upah minimum kabupaten/kota Tangerang-Banten adalah sebagai sarana penyalur aspirasi dalam memperjuangkan hak dan kepentingan pekerja, juga sebagai lembaga perunding mewakili pekerja, yang melindungi dan membela hak–hak dan kepentingan pekerja. Sedangkan peranan FSPTSK dalam melindungi hak – hak buruh sesuai Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan adalah sesuai dengan Pasal 89 Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan yang mengatur bahwa upah minimum ditetapkan pemerintah berdasarkan kebutuhan hidup layak dan dengan memperhatikan produktivitas dan pertumbuhan ekonomi.Kata Kunci : Ketenagakerjaan, upah minimum, perlindungan, serikat pekerj

Relevansi zuhud terhadap etos kerja manusia modern : studi pemikiran Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah dalam Kitab Madārij al-Sālikīn

Pandangan orang awam dan sebagian orientalis, memahami zuhud sebagai salah satu tahapan (maqam) dalam tasawuf sebagai anti kemajuan dan pro kemunduran. Menekuni dan mengamalkan zuhud dipandang sebagai sikap realitas menjauhi dunia dan membangun jalan kemunduran umat. Memang ada pandangan keliru dari masayarakat tentang pengertian zuhud. Pandangan mereka bagi seseorang yang bertindak zuhud adalah seseorang yang berpakaian kumel, dan lusuh, tidak peduli dengan orang lain, dan asyik berdzikir mengingat Tuhan-nya. Paham zuhud ektrem akan membawa seseorang eklusif dan pasif terhadap peradaban dunia. Apalagi pengaruh ajaran sebagian kalangan sufi klasik bersifat asketis, fatalis, dan tidak mau bekerja. Zuhud itu bisa saja bersama dengan orang yang memiliki kekayaan atau bersama kefakiran. Diantara para nabi dan kalangan umat Islam terdahulu, bersikap zuhud namun memiliki kekayaan yang berlimpah dan suka bekerja keras. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mengambil dua rumusan masalah, yakni: (1) Bagaimana pemikiran zuhud Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah dalam kitab Madārij al-Sālikīn ?. (2) Sejauhmana relevansi pemikiran zuhud Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah dalam kitab Madārij al-Sālikīn terhadap etos kerja manusia modern ?. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan murni (library research), penulis memakai pendekatan analisa data deskriptif-analisis. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskripsi tematik dan analisis interpretasi. Hasil penelitian pemikiran zuhud Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah adalah meninggalkan hal-hal yang tidak bermanfaat untuk kepentingan akhirat. Memprioritaskan hal-hal mubah yang menimbulkan ketaatan kepada Allah. Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah membagi tingkatan zuhud menjadi tiga tingkatan. Pertama, zuhud dalam syubhat. Kedua, dalam perkara yang berlebihan walaupun halal. Ketiga, zuhud dalam zuhud. Pemikiran Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah dalam kitab Madārij al-Sālikīn, tidak menyebutkan istilah etos kerja secara ekplisit, apalagi menguraikan istilah itu. Meskipun demikian, konsep pemikiran tentang zuhud yang digagasnya memberi makna yang lebih luas, menekankan perlunya seorang zāhid untuk melibatkan diri dalam masyarakat secara lebih kuat. Membangun makna konsep zuhud yang inklusif pada kehidupan dunia ini. Sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan secara implisit, ada konsep tentang zuhud yang lebih moderat dibanding dengan konsep sufisme lama, memandang aktivitas duniawi secara positif yang mengarah pada etos kerja manusia modern yang tinggi. Dalam konteks pekerjaan, zuhud itu berarti mengerjakan pekerjaan halal atau bekerja dengan cara yang halal, kemudian hasilnya tidak dihambur-hamburkan dalam perbuatan maksiat. Dilihat dari sisi ini, zuhud justru mengandung etos kerja yang tinggi. Karena, zāhid seharusnya senantiasa bekerja keras

REFLEKSI NILAI “MOPO’O TANGGALO DUHELO” DI BALIK PENDAPATAN OLEH KUSIR BENDI: STUDI ETNOMETODOLOGI ISLAM

Abstract This study aims to reflect on the local cultural values behind the practice of income accounting by bendi drivers. This study uses an Islamic paradigm with an Islamic ethnomethodological approach. There are five data analysis stages: charity, knowledge, faith, revelation information, and courtesy. The results of the study found that the way the bendi drivers earn income when they are at the base is through something other than a queuing or lane system. Prospective passengers are free to choose which buggy they want to rent. The income accounting practice is conditional on local cultural values in the form of “mopo’o tanggalo duhelo” " which means full of patience. The results of this study contribute to the presence of the local culture-based income accounting concept. Keywords : Bendi, Income, Local Culture, Gorontalo, Islamic Ethnomethodolog

CONCEPTUAL AND PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE IN MONITORING OIL AND GAS PLANT

An Unmanned Ground Vehicle or UGV, as the name states, is a vehicle on the ground can operated with or without any human pilot on board. This project involves designing a robust and suitable UGV structure and integrating UGV technologies specifically to adapt in the harsh conditions of oil and gas plant and providing monitoring of a human’s eye view of the plant. The process of designing will start from conceptual design until detail design. A design of UGV consisting with robust structure to install sensors, camera, boards, and all the systems. The control of this UGV will continuous by master student from electrical department. For design this UGV, the author have study types of UGV, its function and ability. For the chassis, it will be modeled using Autodesk Inventor or Solidworks software to ensure design is applicable. The expected outcome of this project is finished prototype that can be maneuvered in two modes, manually and autonomous. For now, the progress is up to detail design on the UGV and MSC ADAM view analysis for motion system. In the result, the author will show the detail design and the analysis how these UGV system function

GAYA BAHASA KIASAN DALAM LIRIK LAGU BAND “EFEK RUMAH KACA” ALBUM “EFEK RUMAH KACA, KAMAR GELAP, SINESTESIA”.

The art of music is so interested by all humans without exception, from the old, youth,teenagers, until the children itself. With a variety of musical genres, the interesting things in music itself is in the lyrics of songs that contain explicit meanings created by the author toexpress the results of his work to be enjoyed by the public. Each author is able to create his workin various ways, through observation, the stories of others, or even his own personalexperience.The purpose of this study is to describe more deeply and thoroughly about thefigurative style in the lyrics of the band 's "Rumah Efek Kaca" album "Efek Rumah Kaca, KamarGelap, Sinestesia". The theory used in this research is Gorys Keraf style theory. The method usedin this research is qualitative research method. The technique of collecting data is using librarytechnique. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. The results of the studyfound in the lyrics of the band's band "Rumah Efek Kaca", "Rumah Rumah Kaca, Gelap Room,Sinestesia". There are several kinds of figurative language styles, but there are only two styles oflanguage that more dominant which is the figurative style of language irony and allegorylanguage style. Conclusions and suggestions are given so that this research can be useful for thereaders and the development of learning Indonesian language and literature in studying the styleof language, especially in figurative language style

KONSTRUKSI METODE PENCATATAN AKUNTANSI BERBASIS NILAI BUDAYA ISLAM GORONTALO

Research Purpose. The purpose of this study is to formulate how the coachmen practice the method of accounting records based on the cultural values of the Gorontalo people.Research Methods. The paradigm used by this research is Islam with an Islamic ethnomethodology approach.Research Result and Findings. The results show that there are two ways the coachmen practiced the recording method; the first to record the accounting for income, expenses, and savings in memory; record accounts payable on paper. Both of these recording methods are based on the value of responsibility. Parents (the elders) often give advice on this value through lumadu "openu de u taliyolo u otola, bo dila u wohiliyo" which means it's okay to lose what you buy, but not what people give

Analisis Penerapan Auto Buck/boost Pada Generator Termoelektrik Sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Alternatif

Generator termoelektrik merupakan pembangkit listrik terbarukan yang memanfaatkan perbedaan suhu dua buah semikonduktor untuk dirubah menjadi energi listrik melalui sebuah elemen termoelektrik berdasarkan prinsip efek Seebeck. Semakin besar perbedaan suhu antara kedua sisi elemen, maka semakin besar energi yang dihasilkan oleh elemen tersebut. Namun, efisiensi generator ini relatif masih kecil yaitu sebesar 10 %. Hal ini dikarenakan energi yang dihasilkan sangat rentan terhadap Perubahan suhu. Penggunaan auto buck/boost pada generator termoelektrik bertujuan untuk menstabilkan energi yang dihasilkan oleh generator termoelektrik agar berada pada titik kerja maksimum meskipun terjadi Perubahan beban maupun Perubahan suhu yang diakibatkan oleh faktor eksternal. Pada penelitian ini energi yang dihasilkan oleh generator termoelektrik akan disimpan dalam baterai oleh sebab itu, titik kerja maksimum dari generator termoelektrik disesuaikan dengan tegangan nominal untuk pengisian baterai. Dengan diterapkannya auto buck/boost pada generator termoelektrik diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dari generator termoelektrik. Berdasarkan percobaan yang telah dilakukan, penggunaan auto buck/boost pada generator termoelektrik dapat menstabilkan proses pengisian baterai 6V pada tegangan nominal 7,36 volt dengan tegangan generator sebesar 10,5 volt. Ketika auto buck/boost belum diterapkan pada generator, tegangan pengisian baterai bisa mencapai 10,11 volt. Selain itu dengan adanya auto buck/boost daya yang dihasilkan generator bisa mencapai 1,02 watt

Statistical methodology for regression model with measurement error

This thesis primarily deals with the estimation of the slope parameter of the simple linear regression model in the presence of measurement errors (ME) or error-in-variables in both the explanatory and response variables. It is a very old and difficult problem which has been considered by a host of authors since the third quarter of the nineteenth century. The ME poses a serious problem in fitting the regression line, as it directly impacts on estimators and their standard error (see eg Fuller, 2006, p. 3). The standard linear regression methods, including the least squares or maximum likelihood, work when the explanatory variable is measured without error. But in practice, there are many situations where the variables can only be measured with ME. For example, data on the medical variables such as blood pressure and blood chemistries, agricultural variables such as soil nitrogen and rainfall etc can hardly be measured accurately. The apparent observed data represents the manifest variable which measures the actual unobservable latent variable with ME. The ME model is divided into two general classifications, (i) functional model if the explanatory (ξ) is a unknown constant, and (ii) structural model if ξ is independent and identically distributed random variable (cf Kendall, 1950, 1952). The most important characteristic of the normal structural model is that the parameters are not identifiable without prior information about the error variances as the ratio of error variances (λ) (see Cheng and Van Nees, 1999, p. 6). However, the non-normal structural model is identifiable without any prior information. The normal and non-normal structural models with ME in both response and explanatory variables are considered in this research. There are a number of commonly used methods to estimate the slope parameter of the ME model. None of these methods solves the estimation problem in varying situations. A summary of the well known methods is provided in Table 1. The first two chapters of this thesis cover an introduction to the ME problem, background, and motivation of the study. From Chapter 3 we provide a new methodology to fit the regression line using the reflection of the explanatory variable about the fitted regression line with the manifest variables. The asymptotic consistency and the mean absolute error (MAE) criteria are used Table 1: A summary of commonly used methods to handle the ME model problem to compare the new estimators and the relevant existing estimators under different conditions. One of the most commonly used methods to deal with the ME model is the instrumental variable (IV) method. But it is difficult to find valid IV that is highly correlated to the explanatory but uncorrelated with the error term. Therefore, in Chapter 4 we propose a new method to find a good IV based on the reflection of explanatory variable. The new method is easy to implement, and performs much better than the existing methods. The superiority of this method is demonstrated both analytically and via numerical as well as graphical illustrations under certain assumptions. In Chapter 5, a commonly used method to deal with the normal structural model, namely the orthogonal regression (OR) (which is the same the maximum likelihood solution when λ = 1) method under the assumption of known λ is discussed. But the OR method does not work well (inconsistent) if λ is misspecified and/or the sample size is small. We provide an alternative method based on the reflection method (RM) of estimation for measurement error model. The RM uses a new transformed explanatory variable which is derived from the reflection formula. This method is equivalent or asymptotically equivalent to the orthogonal regression method, and nearly asymptotically unbiased and efficient under the assumption that λ is equal to one and the sample size is large. If λ is misspecified the RM method is better than the OR method under the MAE criterion even if the sample size is small. Chapter 6 considers the Wald method (two grouping method) which is still widely used, in spite of increasing criticism on the efficiency of the estimator. To address this problem, we introduce a new grouping method based on the reflection grouping (RG) approach. The proposed method provides new grouping process to modify Wald method in order to increase its efficiency. The RG method introduces a new way of dividing the data using the rank of the reflection of the explanatory variable. The method recommends different grouping criteria depending on the value of λ to be one or more/less than one. The RG method significantly increases the efficiency of Wald method, and it is more precise than the other competing methods and works well for different sample sizes and for different values of λ. Moreover, the RG method also removes the shortcomings of the maximum likelihood method when λ is misspecified and sample size is small. The geometric mean (GM) regression is covered in Chapter 7. The GM method is widely used in many disciplines including medical, pharmacology, astrometry, oceanography, and fisheries researches etc. This method is known by many names such as reduced major axis, standardized major axis, line of organic correlation etc. We introduce a new estimator of the slope parameter when both variables are subject to ME. The weighted geometric mean (WGM) estimator is constructed based on the reflection and the mathematical relationship between the vertical and orthogonal distances of the observed points and the regression line of the manifest model. The WGM estimator possesses better statistical properties than the geometric mean estimator, and OLS-bisector estimator. The WGM estimator is stable and work well for different values of λ and for different sample sizes. The properties of the proposed reflection estimators are investigated in Chapters 3-7. Also, these estimators are compared with the relevant existing estimators by simulation studies. The computer package Matlab is used for all computations and preparation of graphs. Based on the asymptotic consistency and MAE criteria the proposed reflection estimators perform better than the existing estimators, in some cases, even the standard assumption on λ and sample size are violated. Chapter 8 provides some concluding summaries remarks

TVET teaching implementation: competency, challenges and motivation

The purpose of this research is to determine the competencies, obstacles, and motivations associated with the implementation of TVET instructions at Vocational Colleges. The competency aspects analyzed are the knowledge and skills. The problems that educators have in implementing TVET teaching, as well as the motivation of educators in implementing TVET teaching, are also examined. This study involved 76 TVET educators from selected Vocational Colleges. The data was collected using a survey form and analyzed using a descriptive method to get the mean score and standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that the level of knowledge, skills, and motivation of the educators is high while the challenges assessed got a moderate level of score. In summary, the implementation of teaching among TVET teachers has an element of high teaching competence but in facing the challenges while implementing teaching has a variety of responses. Apart from knowledge, skills, motivation, and challenges, strengthening from the aspect of teaching delivery is a necessity towards the consolidation of quality teaching in TVET