Carbon sequestration and ecosystem analysis of semi-arid grazing lands at Sivagangai

Present study is focused on biomass, net primary production and system transfer functions and carbon sequestration of grazing lands in the Semi-arid regions of Sivagangai. climatic diagram was drawn based on the secondary data of Rainfall and Temperature collected from meterialogical department, Sivagangai. Study area is dominated by Heteropogon contortus at site I and Melochia corchorifolia at site II. Dry matter dynamics reflected in carbon sequestration study at site I and II. Even though above ground carbon fixation and total carbon input to the system were high at site II, Carbon output from the grazing land to soil was low due to over grazing. Monthly soil organic carbon study at site I and II also conform the low carbon output from the system to soil. Grazing land ecosystem at site I shows its stability and grazing land ecosystem at site II shows its degradation nature. Based on this study it is concluded that organic carbon is the major factor for soil nutrient bank and grazing land stability. It is very much affected at site II. Mild grazing isrecommended at site I and over grazing should be controlled at site II to maintain productive grazing lands at site I and II of semi-arid grazing lands at Sivagangai

REACTIVE OXYGEN AND NITROGEN SPECIES SCAVENGING AND ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF CISSUS QUADRANGULARIS L. AGAINST EAC CELL LINE

Objective: To investigate the in vitro antioxidant and anticancer activity of chloroform and ethanol extracts of Cissus quadranqularis L. leaves. Methods: Phytochemicals were analysed by using standard methods. In Vitro antioxidant studies were carried out for the chloroform and ethanol extracts of the Cissus quadranqularis L using various free radical models such a DPPH, Reducing power assay, Nitric oxide, Hydrogen peroxide, Superoxide scavenging and ABTS. In vitro cytotoxic assay such as trypan blue dye exclusion and MTT assays were carried out both ethanol and chloroform extract against EAC cell line. Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening of Chloroform extract contains alkaloids, sugar, quinines, steroids and tannins. Ethanol extract showed the presence of alkaloids, coumarin, quinines, steroids and sugar. The result revealed that the ethanolic extracts have significant antioxidant potential than chloroform extract. The result revealed that the ethanol extracts of Cissus quadranqularis L. showed pronounced activity against the tested cell line. Conclusion: The result of the present study concluded that the ethanolic extracts of Cissus quadranqularis L. have significant antioxidant and anticancer activity then the chloroform extract. The potential antioxidant and anticancer activity of Cissus quadranqularis L. might be due to the presence of phytochemicals

Implicit leadership theory among Malaysian managers: Impact of the leadership expectation gap on leader-member exchange quality.

Purpose: This paper aims to examine implicit leadership theory (ILT) among Malaysian managers and the impact of the gap between the ILT and actual leader behavior on leader-member exchange (LMX) quality. Design/methodology/approach: A survey of 137 Malaysian managers working under the supervision of Malaysian and Japanese superiors in five Japanese multi-national corporations (MNCs) in Malaysia was conducted to test the hypotheses of this study. Findings: The results reveal that there is a distinct Malaysian ILT. It also found that there are differences in the ILT of different ethnic groups in Malaysia. Contrary to expectations, there is no significant difference in the leadership expectation gap among managers reporting to superiors from the same background compared to superiors from a different nationality and ethnic background. Duration of managers' relationship with their superior have a moderating effect on the relationship between leadership expectation gap and LMX quality. Practical implications: The findings of this study can serve practitioners in organizational and leadership development by contributing to the awareness that ILT affects the quality of a leader's exchange within his or her followers. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the literature by providing a first insight on ILT in the Malaysian context, particularly on the variation across the main ethnic groups in the country

Assessement of Ground Water Quality In Karamadai By Using Minitab Software

In human society, depletion of groundwater has been the major concern. The aim of the paper is to preserve and maintain balanced ecology with sustainment in groundwater. Hydrochemical study is a front line parameter to determine the quality of water for end users.  The sampling locations were located based on latitude and longitude, the sample locations were mapped using ArcGIS 9.1 software . Totally 20 groundwater samples were collected in the karamadai village and they were analysed for physico- chemical parameters Cluster analysis is supporting for the grouping on the basis of contamination characteristics of groundwater quality. The ammonia, nitrate and sulphate are determined by the spectrophotometer. Titrating method such as chloride is agitated with silver nitrate. Poor water quality has been observed in commercial zone of study area

Road Analysis of NH67 Extension by Using Geographic Information System

Road analysis of NH67 extension from Narsimha nayak kenpalayam to Mettu palayam by using Geographic Information System, and the study is to analyze the traffic congestion of the road. The distance from starting point (Narasimhaickenpalayam) to the ending point(Mettupalayam) is 21.4 km.  The Geographic Information System is used to make the spatial mapping by the involvement of topographical map.  The problem is rectified on the accidental zone, heavy flow of traffic and improper signal design. GIS is a good tool for analyzing the road accidents by the use of values in the spot latitudes and longitudes.  The manual methods are difficult for consuming and expensive.  This project deals with the problems of the Coimbatore city and to make better decision. The problems for traffic related problems can be rectified by adopting better signal designing,implementing speed breakers at necessary locations where traffic congestion is relatively high

Metal-Free σ‑Bond Metathesis in Ammonia Activation by a Diazadiphosphapentalene

A diazadiphosphapentalene derivative <b>5</b> featuring a bent geometry with two phosphorus atoms at the bridgehead has been synthesized. Under mild conditions, compound <b>5</b> readily activated ammonia to afford 1-aza-2,3-diphospholene derivative <b>6</b> bearing an enamine group. The reaction is therefore viewed as a formal σ-bond metathesis between an N–H bond of ammonia and an endocyclic P–N bond of <b>5</b>. Details of the reaction mechanism for ammonia activation as well as subsequent isomerization were explored by density functional theory calculations