Voiko syväoppiva neuroverkko ennustaa poliittisen suuntautumisen suomalaisten vasemmisto- ja oikeistopoliitikkojen kasvokuvista?

This master's thesis seeks to conceptually replicate psychologist Michael Kosinski's study, published in 2021 in Nature Scientific Reports, in which he trained a cross-validated logistic regression model to predict political orientations from facial images. Kosinski reported that his model achieved an accuracy of 72\%, which is significantly higher than the 55\% accuracy measured in humans for the same task. Kosinski's research attracted a huge amount of attention and also accusations of pseudoscience. Where Kosinski trained his model with facial features containing information for example about head position and emotions, in this thesis I use a deep learning convolutional neural network for the same task. Also, I train my model with Finnish data, consisting of photos of the faces of Finnish left- and right-wing candidates gathered from the 2021 municipal elections. I research whether a convolutional neural network can learn to predict from candidates' faces whether a member of a Finnish party belongs to either the right-wing Coalition Party (Coalition) or the left-wing Left Alliance (Left Alliance) with better than 55\% accuracy, and what is the possible role of color information on the classification accuracy of the model. On this basis, I also consider the wider ethical issues surrounding these types of models and the technological advances they bring. There has been a recent ethical debate on the widespread use of facial recognition technology in relation to issues such as human autonomy, privacy, and civil liberties. In the context of previous scientific findings, there has also been debate about the potential ability of facial recognition technologies to reveal information about our most personal traits, such as sexual orientation, personality, and emotional states. Thus, facial recognition technologies are also closely related to privacy issues. In his original article, Michael Kosinski did not underestimate the many problematic ethical issues that the use of facial recognition technology can raise. He did, however, underline the role of science in trying to determine the function, capability, and accuracy of these technologies. Only through research can we gain insights into these technologies, which can then potentially be used to inform societal decision-making. This research approach is also the aim of this Master's thesis

Municipal center for Tempe, Arizona

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. Thesis. 1967. B.Arch.MIT copy bound with: The architecture of high speed transportation / by Richard David Rush [1967] -- A high density residential complex at India Wharf / by Richard Jay Solomon [1967] Accompanying drawings held by MIT Museum.Bibliography: leaves 57-58.by John Anton Berg.B.Arch

Ueber das Verhalten der weissen Blutkörperchen bei der Gerinnung:Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doctors der Medicin

http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b1967677~S1*es

The dual half-edge-a topological primal/dual data structure and construction operators for modelling and manipulating cell complexes

© 2016 by the authors. There is an increasing need for building models that permit interior navigation, e.g., for escape route analysis. This paper presents a non-manifold Computer-Aided Design (CAD) data structure, the dual half-edge based on the Poincaré duality that expresses both the geometric representations of individual rooms and their topological relationships. Volumes and faces are expressed as vertices and edges respectively in the dual space, permitting a model just based on the storage of primal and dual vertices and edges. Attributes may be attached to all of these entities permitting, for example, shortest path queries between specified rooms, or to the exterior. Storage costs are shown to be comparable to other non-manifold models, and construction with local Euler-type operators is demonstrated with two large university buildings. This is intended to enhance current developments in 3D Geographic Information Systems for interior and exterior city modelling

Neophyten in der urbanen Gehölzvegetation von Graz

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die neophytenreiche Gehölzvegetation der Stadt Graz. Zu diesem Zweck wurden 129 pflanzensoziologische Aufnahmen von Gehölzbeständen erstellt, an deren Aufbau zumindest eine neophytische Holzart beteiligt ist. Die Daten wurden nach floristischen Ähnlichkeiten in fünf Vegetationseinheiten gegliedert: Mesophile Buchenwälder, Eichen-Hainbuchenwälder, Thermophile Buchenwälder, Monodominante Neophytengesellschaften und urbane Gebüsche. Es zeigte sich einerseits eine geographische Differenzierung innerhalb des Stadtgebietes und andererseits eine unterschiedlich starke Beeinflussung der Bestände durch Neophyten. Die Parameter, welche die floristische Zusammensetzung der neophytenreichen Gehölzvegetation bestimmen, sind neben dem starken anthropogenen Einfluss an den jeweiligen Standorten auch klimatische Faktoren. Dabei spielen die Lage der Stadt am südöstlichen Alpen-rand und die typischen Eigenschaften der Stadtflora eine bedeutende Rolle.This paper investigates the neophytic woody vegetation in the city of Graz. For this purpose, such vegetation types were located and 129 phytosociological relevés were performed in the study area. The data were sorted by floristic similarity into five units: mesophilous beech forests, oak-hornbeam woodlands, thermophilous beech forests, monodominant neophytic community assembly and urban shrubs. The results show a geographical differentiation and a varying impact of neophytic plants on these vegetation types. Thereby the typical traits of the urban flora and the urban environment are playing a central role

Randomised controlled trial of gabapentin in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 [ISRCTN84121379]

BACKGROUND: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type one (CRPS I) or formerly Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) is a disabling syndrome, in which a painful limb is accompanied by varying symptoms. Neuropathic pain is a prominent feature of CRPS I, and is often refractory to treatment. Since gabapentin is an anticonvulsant with a proven analgesic effect in various neuropathic pain syndromes, we sought to study the efficacy of the anticonvulsant gabapentin as treatment for pain in patients with CRPS I. METHODS: We did a randomized double blind placebo controlled crossover study with two three-weeks treatment periods with gabapentin and placebo separated by a two-weeks washout period. Patients started at random with gabapentin or placebo, which was administered in identical capsules three times daily. We included 58 patients with CRPS type 1. RESULTS: Patients reported significant pain relief in favor of gabapentin in the first period. Therapy effect in the second period was less; finally resulting in no significant effect combining results of both periods. The CRPS patients had sensory deficits at baseline. We found that this sensory deficit was significantly reversed in gabapentin users in comparison to placebo users. CONCLUSIONS: Gabapentin had a mild effect on pain in CRPS I. It significantly reduced the sensory deficit in the affected limb. A subpopulation of CRPS patients may benefit from gabapentin

In vivo inhibition of neutrophil activity by a FAS (CD95) stimulating module: arterial in-line application in a porcine cardiac surgery model

AbstractObjectiveCardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with aberrant neutrophil activation and potentially severe pathogenic sequelae. This experimental study was done to evaluate a leukocyte inhibition module that rapidly inactivates neutrophils through CD95 stimulation.MethodsGerman landrace pigs (4 groups, each n = 5) underwent cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass (group I), with cardiopulmonary bypass (group II), with cardiopulmonary bypass plus a leukocyte filter (group III), and with cardiopulmonary bypass plus a leukocyte inhibition module (group IV). The leukocyte filter or leukocyte inhibition module was introduced into the arterial line of the heart-lung machine.ResultsLeukocyte counts were decreased by up to 43% in group IV compared with values in group II (P = .023). In group IV, but not in groups I to III, no delay in spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis was observed after annexin V–propidium iodide staining. Late apoptotic (11.7%) or necrotic neutrophils (9.3%) were detected in 2 animals (group IV). Tumor necrosis factor α serum levels increased over time in groups I to III (>2-fold) but remained at baseline levels in group IV (P < .05). Interleukin 8–mediated chemotactic neutrophil transmigration activity increased over time in groups I to III but was totally abrogated in group IV at any time point. The perioperative increase of creatine kinase and creatine kinase MB levels was lower in groups III (1.5-fold and 1.3-fold, respectively) and IV (1.2-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively) compared with values in group II (both 1.9-fold).ConclusionsThe leukocyte inhibition module downregulated cardiopulmonary bypass–related neutrophil activity and thus might be beneficial in cardiac surgery and other clinical settings with unappreciated neutrophil activation

Estimation of expiratory time constants via fuzzy clustering

Objective. In mechanically ventilated patients the expiratorytime constant provides information about respiratory mechanics. In thepresent study a new method, fuzzy clustering, is proposed to determine expiratory time constants. Fuzzy clustering differs from other methods since it neither interferes with expiration nor presumes any functional relationship between the variables analysed. Furthermore, time constantbehaviour during expiration can be assessed, instead of an average timeconstant. The time constants obtained with fuzzy clustering are comparedto time constants conventionally calculated from the same expirations. Methods. 20 mechanically ventilated patients, including 10 patients with COPD, were studied. The data of flow, volume and pressure were sampled. From these data, four local linear models were detected by fuzzy clustering. The