Craniopharyngiome de l'adulte et de l'enfant (implications des lésions hypothalamiques dans la prise de poids)

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Résultats morphologiques et fonctionnels à long terme de la chirurgie des plagiocéphalies frontales synostotiques non syndromiques

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Les monnaies de Coulanges-lès-Nevers (Nièvre, F) et l’atelier carolingien de Nevers (c. 840-936)

International audienceLes découvertes de monnaies du haut Moyen Âge en contexte archéologique sont suffisamment rares pour que des publications détaillées leurs soient consacrées afin d’éclairer la circulation monétaire de cette période. La fouille du site de l’Ermitage à Coulanges-lès-Nevers (Nièvre), dont l’occupation est datée entre le IXe et le XIe siècle, a livré trois monnaies carolingiennes dont la découverte a motivé la rédaction de cette publication. Ces monnaies ont fait l’objet d’une remise en contexte archéologique, d’une étude numismatique et d’une enquête archéométrique. Deux d’entre elles étant originaires de l’atelier local de Nevers, les recherches menées sur ces pièces ont suscité une reprise plus large de la production monétaire au nom de cette cité à l’époque carolingienne, entre 840 et 936 environ

Les monnaies de Coulanges-lès-Nevers (Nièvre, F) et l’atelier carolingien de Nevers (c. 840-936)

International audienceLes découvertes de monnaies du haut Moyen Âge en contexte archéologique sont suffisamment rares pour que des publications détaillées leurs soient consacrées afin d’éclairer la circulation monétaire de cette période. La fouille du site de l’Ermitage à Coulanges-lès-Nevers (Nièvre), dont l’occupation est datée entre le IXe et le XIe siècle, a livré trois monnaies carolingiennes dont la découverte a motivé la rédaction de cette publication. Ces monnaies ont fait l’objet d’une remise en contexte archéologique, d’une étude numismatique et d’une enquête archéométrique. Deux d’entre elles étant originaires de l’atelier local de Nevers, les recherches menées sur ces pièces ont suscité une reprise plus large de la production monétaire au nom de cette cité à l’époque carolingienne, entre 840 et 936 environ

Cbl-mediated ubiquitination of α5 integrin subunit mediates fibronectin-dependent osteoblast detachment and apoptosis induced by FGFR2 activation

International audienceFibroblast growth factor receptor signaling is an important mechanism regulating osteoblast function. To gain an insight into the regulatory role of FGF receptor-2 (FGFR2) signaling in osteoblasts, we investigated integrin-mediated attachment and cell survival in human calvarial osteoblasts expressing activated FGFR2. FGFR2 activation reduced osteoblast attachment on fibronectin. This was associated with reduced expression of the α5 integrin subunit normally expressed in human calvarial osteoblasts in vivo. Treatment with lactacystin, a potent inhibitor of proteasome, restored α5 integrin levels in FGFR2 mutant osteoblasts. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that α5 integrin interacts with both the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl and ubiquitin. Immunocytochemistry revealed that α5 integrin colocalizes with FGFR2 and Cbl at the leading edge in membrane ruffle regions. Transfection with the 70Z-Cbl mutant lacking the RING domain required for Cbl-ubiquitin interaction, or with the G306E Cbl mutant that abolishes the binding ability of Cbl phosphotyrosine-binding domain restored α5 integrin levels. This suggests that Cbl-mediated ubiquitination plays an essential role in α5 integrin proteasome degradation induced by FGFR2 activation. Reduced α5 integrin expression was associated with an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased caspase-9 and -3 activities in FGFR2 mutant osteoblasts. Forced expression of α5 integrin rescued cell attachment and corrected both the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities in FGFR2 mutant osteoblasts. We show that Cbl recruitment induced by FGFR2 activation triggers α5 integrin degradation by the proteasome, which results in reduced osteoblast attachment on fibronectin and caspase-dependent apoptosis. This identifies a functional role of the α5 integrin subunit in the induction of apoptosis triggered by FGFR2 activation in osteoblasts, and reveals that a Cbl-dependent mechanism is involved in the coordinated regulation of cell apoptosis induced by α5 integrin degradation

Posterior fossa tumors in children: Radiological tips & tricks in the age of genomic tumor classification and advance MR technology

International audienc

Vascular Mass of the Scalp in a Newborn: A Quiz

International audienc

Whole-body MR imaging in suspected physical child abuse: comparison with skeletal survey and bone scintigraphy findings from the PEDIMA prospective multicentre study

International audienceObjectives: To assess the contribution of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) and bone scintigraphy (BS) in addition to skeletal survey (SS) in detecting traumatic bone lesions and soft-tissue injuries in suspected child abuse.Methods: In this prospective, multicentre, diagnostic accuracy study, children less than 3 years of age with suspected physical abuse were recruited. Each child underwent SS, BS and WBMRI. A blinded first review was performed in consensus by five paediatric radiologists and three nuclear medicine physicians. A second review investigated discrepancies reported between the modalities using a consensus result of all modalities as the reference standard. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity and corresponding 95% confidence interval for each imaging modality (SS, WBMRI and BS) and for the combinations [SS + WBMRI] and [SS + BS].Results: One hundred seventy children were included of which sixty-four had at least one lesion. In total, 146 lesions were included. The sensitivity and specificity of each examination were, respectively, as follows: 88.4% [95% CI, 82.0-93.1] and 99.7% [95% CI, 99.5-99.8] for the SS, 69.9% [95% CI, 61.7-77.2] and 99.5% [95% CI, 99.2-99.7] for WBMRI and 54.8% [95% CI, 46.4-63.0] and 99.7% [95% CI, 99.5-99.9] for BS. Sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 95.9% [95% CI, 91.3-98.5] and 99.2% [95% CI, 98.9-99.4] for the combination SS + WBMRI and 95.2% [95% CI, 90.4-98.1] and 99.4% [95% CI, 99.2-99.6] for the combination SS + BS, with no statistically significant difference between them.Conclusion: SS was the most sensitive independent imaging modality; however, the additional combination of either WBMRI or BS examinations offered an increased accuracy.Key points: • SS in suspected infant abuse was the most sensitive independent imaging modality in this study, especially for detecting metaphyseal and rib lesions, and remains essential for evaluation. • The combination of either SS + BS or SS + WBMRI provides greater accuracy in diagnosing occult and equivocal bone injuries in the difficult setting of child abuse. • WBMRI is a free-radiation technique that allows additional diagnosis of soft-tissue and visceral injuries

Severity of COVID-19 and survival in patients with rheumatic and inflammatory diseases: data from the French RMD COVID-19 cohort of 694 patients

International audienceObjectives: There is little known about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (iRMD). We examined epidemiological characteristics associated with severe disease, then with death. We also compared mortality between patients hospitalised for COVID-19 with and without iRMD.Methods: Individuals with suspected iRMD-COVID-19 were included in this French cohort. Logistic regression models adjusted for age and sex were used to estimate adjusted ORs and 95% CIs of severe COVID-19. The most significant clinically relevant factors were analysed by multivariable penalised logistic regression models, using a forward selection method. The death rate of hospitalised patients with iRMD-COVID-19 (moderate-severe) was compared with a subset of patients with non-iRMD-COVID-19 from a French hospital matched for age, sex, and comorbidities.Results: Of 694 adults, 438 (63%) developed mild (not hospitalised), 169 (24%) moderate (hospitalised out of the intensive care unit (ICU) and 87 (13%) severe (patients in ICU/deceased) disease. In multivariable imputed analyses, the variables associated with severe infection were age (OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.05-1.10), female gender (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.25-0.80), body mass index (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12), hypertension (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.01-3.42), and use of corticosteroids (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.09-3.54), mycophenolate mofetil (OR=6.6, 95% CI: 1.47-29.62) and rituximab (OR=4.21, 95% CI: 1.61-10.98). Fifty-eight patients died (8% (total) and 23% (hospitalised)). Compared with 175 matched hospitalised patients with non-iRMD-COVID-19, the OR of mortality associated with hospitalised patients with iRMD-COVID-19 was 1.45 (95% CI: 0.87-2.42) (n=175 each group).Conclusions: In the French RMD COVID-19 cohort, as already identified in the general population, older age, male gender, obesity, and hypertension were found to be associated with severe COVID-19. Patients with iRMD on corticosteroids, but not methotrexate, or tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 inhibitors, should be considered as more likely to develop severe COVID-19. Unlike common comorbidities such as obesity, and cardiovascular or lung diseases, the risk of death is not significantly increased in patients with iRMD