Social relations of sex and gender in Islam. An analysis of the film “The source of women”

A proposta deste texto é pensar a situação das mulheres no mundo islâmico, para além dos estereótipos alimentados pelo preconceito e desconhecimento, por meio da reflexão acerca das relações sociais de sexo e gênero no mundo islâmico, a partir do filme “A fonte das mulheres”, dirigido por Radu Mihaeleanu, inspirado na peça Lisístrata de Aristófanes, que entrelaça a ficção e o real para apresentar ao público as assimétricas relações de gênero e o lugar social das mulheres no mundo islâmico. A película possibilita uma análise sociológica da divisão sexual do trabalho nas sociedades muçulmanas e das estratégias de resistência das mulheres inseridas em um universo marcadamente patriarcal. E permite, ainda, analogias com as desigualdades e mecanismos de poder também presentes nas relações sociais de sexo e gênero estabelecidas em outros contextos histórico-sociais e culturais, não especificamente árabes ou islâmicos.The purpose of this text is to think about the situation of women in the Islamic world, in addition to the stereotypes fed by prejudice and ignorance, through reflection on the social relationships of sex and gender in the Islamic world, from the film “The source of Women”, directed by Radu Mihaeleanu, inspired by the play Lysistrata, of Aristophanes, which interweaves fiction and the real to present to the public the asymmetric gender relationships and the social place of women in the Islamic world. This film makes possible a sociological analysis of the sexual division of labor in Islamic societies and the strategies of resistance of women inserted in a patriarchal universe. It also enables analogies with the inequalities and mechanisms of power also present in the social relationships of sex and gender established in other historical-social and cultural contexts, not specifically Arab or Islamic

O investimento direto estrangeiro chinês no Brasil e os determinantes para a escolha de setores pelas empresas investidoras

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Mestrado Profissional em Economia, 2012.O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal levantar as configurações que se formaram quanto ao investimento estrangeiro direto chinês no Brasil, em termos de distribuição setorial e se este movimento guarda alguma relação com o que vem sendo orientado pelo governo chinês, bem como em relação aos estudos empíricos disponíveis sobre características do investimento direto por parte das empresas transnacionais. Como base para esta análise, foi realizado um levantamento do universo de empresas chinesas com algum tipo de projeto de investimento direto já anunciado, elencando-se as principais características dos referidos projetos. Além disso, buscou-se identificar, por meio de pesquisa documental e estudos empíricos as características já observadas desses investimentos no mundo e as orientações expedidas pelas autoridades chinesas. As informações consolidadas mostraram que os projetos de grande porte das principais empresas chinesas no Brasil seguem de forma clara as orientações do governo chinês, entretanto, um número expressivo de empresas buscam aproveitar oportunidades que surgem em determinados setores, em face da própria atratividade do mercado brasileiro. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe present study aimed to explore the settings that were formed on the China’s outward foreign direct investment, in Brazil, in terms of sectoral distribution and, if this movement bears some relation to what has been guided by the Chinese government, as well as in relation to empirical studies available, about the characteristics of direct investment by transnational corporations. As a basis for this analysis, there was a survey of the Chinese companies with projects of direct investment already announced, listing to the main characteristics of these projects. In addition, sought to identify, through desk research and empirical studies, the observed characteristics of these Chines investments in the world and the guidelines issued by the Chinese authorities. The consolidated information showed that the large-scale projects of major Chinese companies in Brazil clearly follow the guidelines of the Chinese government, however, a significant number of companies look for opportunities that arise in certain sectors, given the very attractiveness of the brazilian market

Publishing? : You can count on knowledge, experience, and expectations

The study based on an online survey covering 655 researchers from hard and soft sciences addresses the infuence of diferent conditions on academic publishing. Results show that (1) hard sciences academics publish more than soft sciences; (2) there are resemblances in academic publishing; (3) there are diferences in the sufcient conditions sets for the two groups of sciences which may be explained by diferences in scientifc conceptual frameworks and research methods applied in each group of disciplines; (4) conditions leading to the absence of publishing reveal similarities and diferences among hard and soft sciences academics. The study contribute to: (1) the debate on the questionable generalization of scientifc publications indexes and rankings due to the nature of research published coming from diferent scientifc universes; (2) identify pathways for achieving higher performance in academic publishing; (3) allow research centers’ managers to better manage the centers aiming to achieve upper output levelsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hybrid CABG: an alternative for perfusion time decrease

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a possibilidade da redução do tempo de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e das complicações relacionadas a esta variável na revascularização do miocárdio (RM), utilizando o método híbrido como alternativa. MÉTODOS: Noventa pacientes foram analisados, retrospectivamente, entre março/2000 e agosto/2006. Todos foram revascularizados com três ou mais enxertos e divididos em doisgrupos: híbrido - 45 pacientes que foram operados pela técnica híbrida; total - 45 pacientes operados com CEC. RESULTADOS: No grupo híbrido, o tempo de CEC variou de 20 a 81 minutos e, no grupo total, de 60 a 210 minutos (p<0,001). O tempo de pinçamento aórtico variou de 7 a 70 minutos no primeiro grupo e de 34 a 100 minutos (p<0,001) no segundo grupo. Foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em relação à incidência de fibrilação atrial e à disfunção renal. CONCLUSÃO: Utilizando-se a técnica híbrida é possível reduzir o tempo de CEC e a incidência de algumas complicações pós-operatórias. Provavelmente, esta redução nas incidências de fibrilação atrial e disfunção renal podem ser explicadas por uma redução na resposta da inflamatória conseqüente a um tempo de CEC menor.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the decrease of CPB time and its related complications in CABG using a hybrid alternative method. METHODS: Ninety patients were retrospectively analyzed between March 2000 and August 2006. All were treated with three or more grafts and divided into two groups: Group 1 was the hybrid group - 45 patients who had been operated by the hybrid technique; Group 2 was the total group - 45 patients operated in on-pump. RESULTS: In the hybrid group, the CPB time varied from 20 min. to 81 min. In the total group, the CPB time varied from 60 min. to 210 min. (p<0.001). The aorta cross-clamping time varied in the first group from 7 min. to 70 min. In Group 2, from 34 to 100 min. (p<0.001). A statistically significant difference was found between these two groups in relation to the occurrence of postoperative atrium fibrillation and renal dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Using the hybrid technique it is possible to reduce the CPB time, as well as the occurrence of some postoperative complications. Probably, this decreasing in atrial fibrillation and renal dysfunction incidences could be explained due to a less significant inflammatory activation, which is a consequence of a shorter CPB time

Contribuições da era Mao Tsé-Tung para a industrialização chinesa

Este artigo busca resgatar algumas reformas realizadas por Mao Tsé-Tung (1949-1976) para o processo de industrialização chinesa. Usualmente quando se analisa este processo de industrialização parte-se da Reorientação da Estratégia de Desenvolvimento de Deng Xiaoping a partir de 1978; no entanto, será argumentado que o legado deixado por Mao Tsé-Tung foi fundamental para garantir a acelerada modernização industrial vivenciada no período seguinte

Treatment of Uncertainties in Probabilistic Risk Assessment

Probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), sometimes called probabilistic safety analysis, quantifies the risk of undesired events in industrial facilities. However, one of the weaknesses that undermines the credibility and usefulness of this technique is the uncertainty in PRA results. Fault tree analysis (FTA) and event tree analysis (ETA) are the most important PRA techniques for evaluating system reliabilities and likelihoods of accident scenarios. Uncertainties, as incompleteness and imprecision, are present in probabilities of undesired events and failure rate data. Furthermore, both FTA and ETA traditionally assume that events are independent, assumptions that are often unrealistic and introduce uncertainties in data and modeling when using FTA and ETA. This work explores uncertainty handling approaches for analyzing the fault trees and event trees (method of moments) as a way to overcome the challenges of PRA. Applications of the developed frameworks and approaches are explored in illustrative examples, where the probability distributions of the top event of fault trees are obtained through the propagation of uncertainties of the failure probabilities of basic events. The application of the method of moments to propagate uncertainty of log-normal distributions showed good agreement with results available in the literature using different methods

O PROCESSO DE ABATE DE BOVINOS: implicações para a saúde e o ambiente

Resumo: Este trabalho destaca os principais problemas relacionados às condições de saúde ocupacional e ambiental durante o processo de trabalho em abatedouros, pois, apesar da importância socioeconômica destes estabelecimentos, no que diz respeito ao processamento de alimentos e geração de emprego e renda, observou-se que, em muitos casos, essa atividade é realizada em condições de trabalho degradantes e insalubres, gerando resíduos poluentes causadores de impactos ambientais negativos para o ambiente e, consequentemente, para a população em geral. É necessário, portanto, que os gestores desses estabelecimentos assumam uma postura ambientalmente compromissada, para que as atividades sejam realizadas de forma sustentada, num ambiente seguro e saudável.Palavras-chave: Abatedouros. Saúde ocupacional. Meio ambiente. Impactos ambientais.THE PROCESS OF CATTLE SLAUGHTER: implications to health and environmentAbstract: This paper highlights the main problems related to the conditions of occupational and environmental health during the working process in slaughterhouses, because despite the socioeconomic importance of those establishments, with regard to the processing of food, employment and income, it is observed that, in many cases, this activity is performed in degrading and unhealthy working conditions and that the process produces polluting wastes that cause negative environmental impacts and consequently to the general population. It is therefore necessary that the managers of those establishments take an environmentally committed attitude, so that activities can be sustainably fulfilled, in a safe and healthy environment. Keywords: Slaughterhouses. Occupational health. Evironment. Environmental impacts.EL PROCESSO DE SACRIFICIO DE GANADO BOVINO: consecuencias para la salud y el ambiente Resumen: Este documento pone de relieve los principales problemas relacionados con las condiciones de salud ocupacional y ambiental durante el proceso de trabajo en los mataderos, porque a pesar de la importancia socioeconómica de estos establecimientos, con en lo que se refiere al procesamiento de alimentos y la generación de empleo e ingresos, mostró que en muchos casos, esta actividad se lleva a cabo en condiciones de trabajo insalubres y degradantes generando residuos que causan impactos ambientales negativos para el medio ambiente y por lo tanto a la población en general. Por lo tanto, es necesario que los gerentes de estos establecimientos tomen una postura con compromiso ambiental, para que las actividades se lleven a cabo de manera sostenible, en un ambiente seguro y saludable.Palabras clave: Mataderos. Salud ocupacional. Ambiente. Impactos ambientales

Evaluation of self-perception of mechanical ventilation knowledge among Brazilian final-year medical students, residents and emergency physicians

OBJECTIVE: To present self-assessments of knowledge about mechanical ventilation made by final-year medical students, residents, and physicians taking qualifying courses at the Brazilian Society of Internal Medicine who work in urgent and emergency settings. METHODS: A 34-item questionnaire comprising different areas of knowledge and training in mechanical ventilation was given to 806 medical students, residents, and participants in qualifying courses at 11 medical schools in Brazil. The questionnaire’s self-assessment items for knowledge were transformed into scores. RESULTS: The average score among all participants was 21% (0-100%). Of the total, 85% respondents felt they did not receive sufficient information about mechanical ventilation during medical training. Additionally, 77% of the group reported that they would not know when to start noninvasive ventilation in a patient, and 81%, 81%, and 89% would not know how to start volume control, pressure control and pressure support ventilation modes, respectively. Furthermore, 86.4% and 94% of the participants believed they would not identify the basic principles of mechanical ventilation in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, respectively, and would feel insecure beginning ventilation. Finally, 77% said they would fear for the safety of a patient requiring invasive mechanical ventilation under their care. CONCLUSION: Self-assessment of knowledge and self-perception of safety for managing mechanical ventilation were deficient among residents, students and emergency physicians from a sample in Brazil