Siput Air Tawar sebagai Hospes Perantara Trematoda di Desa Kalumpang dalam dan Sungai Papuyu, Kecamatan Babirik, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara

Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara merupakan kabupaten endemis fasciolopsiasis, yaitu penyakit cacing trematoda usus yang menginfeksi manusia. Fasciolopsiasis disebabkan oleh salah satu cacing trematoda spesies Fasciolopsis buski. Berdasarkan siklus hidupnya cacing trematoda melewati siklus hidup yang kompleks, pada tahap serkaria harus berkembang dalam siput air tawar tertentu sebagai hospes perantaranya. Kondisi geografis Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara merupakan daerah rawa yang hampir sepanjang tahun selalu tergenang air sedalam 1-3 meter, sangat ideal bagi perkembangbiakan siput air tawar. Dengan hidupnya siput air tawar, sangat memungkinkan bagi jenis cacing trematoda lainnya untuk berkembang dan ditransmisikan ke hospes selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies siput air tawar yang berpotensi sebagai hospes perantara potensial trematoda di Desa Kalumpang Dalam dan Sungai Papuyu, Kecamatan Babirik, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara. Disain penelitian secara cross sectional, dan dilaksanakan di Desa Kalumpang Dalam dan Sungai Papuyu, Kecamatan Babirik, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, dalam tahun 2012 dan 2013. Hasil penelitian diperoleh siput air tawar (genus Indoplanorbis, Gyraulus, Lymnaea, Bellamya, Pomacea, Melanoides). Ditemukannya serkaria pada siput air tawar menunjukkan kemungkinan adanya kecacingan trematoda lainnya selain fasciolopsiasis, yaitu antara lain echinostomiasis, fascioliasis, cercarial dermatititis dan intestinal fluke lainnya. Rekomendasi dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa: peningkatan peran serta masyarakat dalam menghentikan kebiasaan yang beresiko kecacingan; pengobatan terhadap penderita kecacingan; peningkatan alokasi anggaran kesehatan terhadap program pengendalian kecacingan; peningkatan sumber daya manusia dan sarana-prasarana di bidang promosi kesehatan dan pemeriksaan mikroskopis kecacingan; penyuluhan mengenai kecacingan terhadap masyarakat daerah endemis secara multi sektor; melibatkan peran serta, dukungan tokoh masyarakat dan pemuka desa yang diteladani; dan menggalang dukungan dan keterlibatan lintas sektor terhadap intervensi rekayasa lingkungan dan sosial budaya masyarakat

Hospes Perantara dan Hospes Reservoir Fasciolopsis Buski di Indonesia Studi Epidemiologi F. Buski di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2002 dan 2010

Buski intestinal worm disease (fasciolopsiosis) is an endemic disease in some villages in the Hulu Sungai Utara district. Since the discovery of the case in 1982 until recently, the fasciolopsiosis prevalence has not showed a declining trend. Even in some periods it seems to rise, despite mitigation efforts continue to be implemented through various surveys, which ended with the drugs administration.Unidentified intermediate hosts and reservoir hosts is one constraint in the disease control.To determine the epidemiological cycle of F. buski, two studies were conducted by two research institutions under the Research and Development Agency in 2002 by Anorital, etal. and 2010 by Annida.Results from both studies showed that there were 3 kinds of water plants (second intermediate host) consumed by communities; the lily (Nymphea alba), bird lotus(Nymphea lotus) and water spinach (Ipomea aquatica) which was positive of Metasercariae and Cercariae. Two of four types of freshwater snails (the first intermediate host) specimens examined were positive of redia and cercariae; kalambuai snail (Lymnea sp.) and flat snails (Indoplanorbis sp.). One of four animal manure specimens examined was positive of F. buski egg (found in buffalo dung). It was also found two egg specimens from chicken and alabio duck manure whichis resembled to F. buski. But in terms ofsize, it was much smaller than the egg of F. buski. Despite these positive findings, the confirmation from experienced research institutions is needed. It is expected that the Buski intestinal worm disease (fasciolopsiosis) control can be conducted effectively. An in-depth study is also needed

The Policy of Helminthiasis Control and Public Knowledge Againts Helminthiasis in Banjar Regency South Kalimantan Province

Background: Helminthiasis is a neglected disease that lack of attention both prevention and handling. Eventhough helminthiasis is tent not to be deadly disease but it can reduce the nutrition that influence the growth and mental of the children. For the adult it brings out the reducing of productivity. That's why it is very important to determine helminthiasis prevention strategies in South Kalimantan by doing a comprehensive effort to be the basic data for determining policies to helminthiasis control programs appropriatly. This study is aimed to know the specific aspects that retart the program of helminthiasis control in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan. Methods: It is descriptive study with cross sectional design. The data are collected by indepth interview to the policy holder that has connection with the helminthiasis control and the guardian of elementary schoo, they are 291 respondents. results: There has not any coordination yet between cross programs and sector to control helminthiasis and there has not any budget yet for helminthiasis program. Those are one of the obstruction that make helminthiasis program can not wotk effectively. The public knowledge of Banjar Regency about helminthiasis is in good level. There is no relationship between parental knowledge with helminthiasis, otherwise there is relationship between knowledge of children with helminthiasis. conclusion:Policy only focus on curative services due to helminthiasis is not a deadly disease. recommendation: Increasing the budget of program and improving the awareness of across sector and program will support helminthiasis control program

Penerapan Metode Resource Based Learning (RBL) Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Peserta Didik Kelas IV SD Negeri 06 Kecamatan Koto Balingka Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

Tujuan penelitian adalah: (1) perencanaan metode Resource Based Larning yang dirancang guru dalam pembelajaran IPS di kelas IV SD N 06 Koto Balingka.(2) pelaksanaan metode Resource Based Learning dalam pembelajaran IPS di kelas IV SD N 06 Koto Balingka. (3) tahap penilaian metode Resource Based Learning dalam pembelajaran IPS di kelas IV SD N 06 Koto Balingka . Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Proses pengumpulan data penulis menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan untuk analisanya, yaitu berupa data-data tertulis atau lisan dari orang atau pelaku yang diamati sehingga dalam hal ini penulis mengadakan penelitian yang bersifat menggambarkan secara keseluruhan tentang keadaan sebenarnya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru mengajar dengan menggunakan berbagai strategi dan metode pembelajaran bervariasi seperti metode ceramah, diskusi, dan Tanya jawab, dan tugas agar siswa termotivasi dan aktif serta efektif sehingga siswa tidak bosan dan jenuh dalam proses pembelajaran berlangsung

PERILAKU MINUM OBAT MASSAL FILARIASIS DI DESA PIHAUNG DAN BANJANG, KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA

Sekitar 886 juta orang di dunia berisiko terkena filariasis dan membutuhkan obat pencegahan. Ada lebih dari 14 ribu orang di Indonesia menderita filariasis kronis pada 2014. Kasus filariasis di Kalimantan Selatan pada 2017 sejumlah 55 kasus, dengan kasus tertinggi ditemukan di Kabupaten Tabalong yaitu 30 kasus dan Kabupaten Barito Kuala sebanyak 16 kasus, sedangkan di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara tidak dilaporkan adanya kasus. Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara sudah melakukan pemberian obat pencegahan massal sebanyak dua tahap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perilaku minum obat massal filariasis di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara. Penelitian ini memiliki desain potong lintang. Waktu pengambilan sampel yaitu pada September 2017. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Desa Pihaung dan Desa Banjang. Rumah dipilih dengan teknik systematic random sampling. Semua orang yang ada dalam rumah, yang memenuhi kriteria sampel diwawancarai. Sebanyak 620 orang terpilih menjadi responden, terdiri dari 283 laki-laki dan 337 perempuan. Responden yang ikut pengobatan massal filariasis hanya 453 (73%) orang. Ada 40 (8,8%) responden yang tidak minum obat yang didapatnya, dengan alasan takut efek samping. Hampir seluruh responden minum obat di rumah (96,9%) dan diminum malam hari (91,8%). Kualitas pelaksanaan program pemberian obat pencegahan massal perlu diperbaiki agar responden mau minum semua obat yang didapatnya dan meminumnya di depan petugas kesehatan.   Around 886 million people in the world are at risk for filariasis and need preventive medicine. In Indonesia, more than 14 thousand people were found suffering from chronic filariasis in 2014. In South Kalimantan, 55 cases were found in 2017, with the highest rates were in Tabalong Regency (30 cases) and Barito Kuala Regency (16 cases). Whereas in the Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, no cases were reported. Hulu Sungai Utara Regency has administered mass prevention drugs in two stages. This study aims to analyze the behavior of taking medication for filariasis in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. The design of this study is cross sectional. The sample was taken in September 2017 which was done in Pihaung Village and Banjang Village. The house was chosen by systematic random sampling technique. All people in the house who met the sample criteria were interviewed. A total of 620 people was selected as respondents, consisting of 283 men and 337 women. Only 453 (73%) people took part in the mass treatment of filariasis. There were 40 (8.8%) respondents who did not take the medication they got, because they were worried about side effects. Almost all respondents took medication at home (96.9%) and were taken at night (91.8%). The quality of the implementation of the mass prevention drug administration program needs to be improved so that respondents want to take all the drugs they get and take them in front of the health worker

Pola Distribusi Himenolepiasis di Kalimantan Selatan

Kecacingan umumnya disebabkan oleh cacing golongan Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm dan cacing golongan non STH yaitu Enterobius vermicularis. Kasus kecacingan yang khas terjadi di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan adalah yang disebabkan oleh Fasciolopsis buski. Namun dalam survei kecacingan oleh Balai Litbang P2B2 Tanah Bumbu tahun 2008-2009 ditemukan pula kasus himenolepiasis yang disebabkan oleh Hymenolepis sp. Penelitian observasional analitik ini dilakukan di 13 kabupaten/kota di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan dengan desain potong lintang. Survei tinja dilaksanakan dalam 2 tahap: yaitu tahap 1 pada tahun 2010 di 6 kabupaten (Tanah Laut, Tabalong, Tanah Bumbu, Tapin, Barito Kuala, dan Balangan), dan tahap 2 pada tahun 2011 di 7 kabupaten/kota (Kotabaru, Banjar, Hulu Sungai Selatan, Hulu Sungai Tengah, Hulu Sungai Utara, Banjarbaru, dan Banjarmasin), dengan jumlah total 3.643 sampel tinja. Total kasus himenolepiasis yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini sebesar 0,5% (20 kasus) yang tersebar pada Kabupaten Kotabaru 0,3%, Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu 0,3%, Kabupaten Balangan 0,5%, Kabupaten Tabalong 0,6%, Kabupaten HSS 0,9%, Kabupaten Banjar 1,7%, dan tertinggi di Kabupaten Tapin 1,9%. Banyak aspek pada masyarakat di Kalimantan Selatan yang kemungkinan menyebabkan penularan himenolepiasis, misalnya kebiasaan masyarakat memakan sedikit beras mentah setelah makan jengkol, dengan anggapan bahwa dengan makan beras dapat mencegah bau yang timbul akibat memakan jengkol. Sehingga kemungkinan ikut termakan kutu beras atau beras yang mengandung cysticercoid Hymenolepis. Hal ini perlu digali lebih dalam agar dapat menjadi landasan bagi dasar penelitian dan program penanggulangan himenolepiasis

Intestinal Parasite Incidence on Elementary School Students in Town and Village at Tanah Bumbu District

Intestinal parasitic diseases is common occurre in children with the high risk and it become problem that need effective and efficient control. The purpose of this research is to obtain prevalent data and the distribution pattern of intestinal parasites in children of urban and rural area in Tanah Bumbu district by conducting survey on worm infected primary students. Collecting and examining samples of students feses from five schools, three schools in Simpang Empat sub district as urban area, and two schools in Sungai Loban sub district as rural area were conducted on this research. The examination uses direct examination methode using microscope to find out the positive samples containing worm eggs. The result indicated that 388 samples from urban area there were 25 (6,4%) positive and 113 samples from rural area there were 13 (11,5%) positive. Next, the worm species prevalence in urban area are Ascaris lumbricoides (2,6%), Trichuris trichiura (2,3%), Hymenolepis nana (1,5%) and Hookworm (0,3%). Worm species prevalence in rural area are A.lumbricoides (8,0%) , H. nana (0,9%) and Enterobius vermicularis (2,7%). Prevalence of parasites was higher on boys than girls bath urban and rural area. Prevalens of parasites was higher on 6-9 years age than 10-15 years age bath urban and rural area.Penyakit parasit pencernaan umumnya lebih banyak terjadi pada anak-anak usia sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kejadian infeksi parasit pencernaan pada anak-anak daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu dengan melakukan survei cacingan pada anak sekolah dasar. Pengumpulan sampel feses dilakukan di lima Sekolah Dasar (SD), tiga SD di Kecamatan Simpang Empat yang mewakili daerah perkotaan dan dua SD di Kecamatan Sungai Laban yang mewakili daerah pedesaan. Pemeriksaan sampel menggunakan metode pemeriksaan langsung dengan mikroskop untuk mengetahui sampel yang positif mengandung telur cacing. Hasil menunjukkan 388 sampel feses dari SD di perkotaan, terdapat 25 sampel (6,4%) yang positif, sedangkan 113 sampel feses dari SD di pedesaan terdapat 13 sampel (11,5%) yang positif. Prevalensi spesies cacing yang ditemukan di daerah perkotaan yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides (2,6%), Trichuris trichiura (2,3%), Hymenolepis nana (1,5%) dan Hookworm (0,3%). Prevalensi spesies cacing yang ditemukan di daerah pedesaan yaitu A. lumbricoides (8,0%) , H. nana (0,9%) dan Enterobius vermicularis (2,7%). Prevalensi kecacingan anak laki-laki lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak perempuan, baik di daerah perkotaan maupun pedesaan. Prevalensi kecacingan pada kelompok umur 6-9 tahun lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak kelompok umur 10-15 tahun, baik di daerah perkotaan maupun pedesaan

Konten Gastronomi pada Video Food Vlogger di Media Sosial (Analisis Isi pada Akun Tiktok @dimsthemeatguy)

The phenomenon of culinary content on TikTok social media has recently become increasingly popular with the public. The reason is, that many content creators such as food vloggers are creative in creating lots of interesting content. Like the food vlogger account Dimas @dimsthemeatguy which shares content about culinary information about typical beef and various kinds of steak dishes. This research aims to find out what gastronomic content is contained in food vlogger videos on social media via the TikTok account @dimsthemeatguy. Researchers use the concept of four areas of Gastronomy according to Gillespie and Cousins ​​​​​​​​(2001) in their book entitled "European Gastronomy into the 21st Century", on Dimas' TikTok account. In this concept, four fields are indicators for measuring Dimas content based on the characteristics of the Gastronomy field, namely Practical Gastronomy, Theoretical Gastronomy, Technical Gastronomy, and Food Gastronomy. In this research, researchers used a qualitative approach with descriptive research type and the basis of this research was content analysis. The data collection technique in this research uses video transcript documentation into text and screenshots on the @dimsthemeatguy account. This research uses purposive sampling to obtain a sample of twelve video content based on the sample criteria established in this research. The phenomenon of culinary content on TikTok social media has recently become increasingly popular. This is because there are many content creators such as food vloggers who create more interesting content. Like Dimas' food vlogger account @dimsthemeatguy who shares content about culinary information about typical beef and various steak dishes. This study aims to determine what gastronomic content is contained in food vlogger videos on social media through the TikTok account @dimsthemeatguy. Researchers used the concept of the four fields of Gastronomy according to Gillespie and Cousins (2001) in their book entitled "European Gastronomy into the 21st Century", on Dimas' TikTok account. In this concept, the four areas that become indicators to measure Dimas' content are based on the characteristics of the field of Gastronomy, namely Practical Gastronomy, Theoretical Gastronomy, Technical Gastronomy, and Food Gastronomy. In this study, researchers used a qualitative approach with descriptive research and the basis of this research is content analysis. The data collection technique in this study uses video transcript documentation into text and screenshots on the @dimsthemeatguy account. This study used purposive sampling to obtain a sample of twelve video contents based on the sample criteria set in this study. The results of the Gastronomy content analysis on food vlogger videos on TikTok social media @dimsthemeatguy, with sentences that show indicators of the four areas of Gastronomy. Practical gastronomy dominates Dimas' content, with the practice of producing and serving dishes found in the tenth content. In contrast, theoretical gastronomy appears least frequently in Dimas' content, such as formulations and tips for preparing dishes found in the sixth content. So the content created by Dimas contains a variety of gastronomic knowledge. However, without realizing it, this is based on his experiences during his internship at an Italian restaurant and as the owner of a steakhouse in Jakarta

AN ANALYSIS OF THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING ENGLISH PROCEDURAL TEXT AT THE NINTH GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 2 XIII KOTO KAMPAR

The purpose of this research is to analyze students’ ability in writing English procedure text at the ninth grade of Junior High School 2 XIII Koto Kampar. This study was a descriptive method. The subject of this research was the ninth grade student of Junior High School 2 XIII Koto Kampar while the object of this research was the students’ ability in writing English procedure text. The researcher used purposive sampling technique to take the sample, there were 30 students as sample from 58 students. To collect the data, the researcher used test. The text was conducted to find students’ ability in writing English procedure text. Based on data analysis, the researcher found that the students were not able to use mechanics correctly, it was based on the mean score of students’ ability in writing English procedure text. The mean score of students’ ability in mechanics was 63.75, language use was 70.83, vocabulary was 74.17, content was 89.17, and organization was 91.67. From five components of writing, the researcher found the students strong in the organization and weak in mechanics. The result of the data analysis was that their ability in writing english procedure text at Junior High School 2 XIII Koto Kampar was categorized into very good level. Keywords: Analysis, Ability, Writing, Procedure Tex

Identifikasi Serkaria Fasciolopsis buski dengan PCR untuk Konfirmasi Hospes Perantara di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia

Fasciolopsiasis in Indonesia is endemic in Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan. Problems in controlling this disease is to identify the snail that acts as an first intermediate host. Fasciolopsis buski intermediate host is determined by the presence of F. buski cercariae on the conch. Identification of cercariae using microscopic method can not ensure that was F. buski cercariae, so it is necessary to use a more accurate method. Therefore, the research aimed to identify F. buski cercariae using Polymerase Chain Reaction ( PCR ) to confirm the cercariae species and the first intermediate host snails of F. buski. Observational studies in the field and laboratory are conducted in March -December 2014. Snail samplings were taken place at Sungai Papuyu and Kalumpang Dalam villages. Cercariae PCR analys is was done at Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science-Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. Our field collections found 6 snail genus: Pomacea, Bellamya, Indoplanorbis, Lymnaea, Gyraulus, and Melanoides. Three species of cercariae obtained by microscopic examination consisted of Echinostome cercariae in Lymnaea and Indoplanorbissnail, Brevifurcate-pharyngeate cercariae in Lymnaea snail, and Sulcatomicrocercous cercariae in Bellamya snail. PCR analysis showed positive result of F. buski on Echinostome cercariae samples found from Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis snail. This finding have confirmed that both snails were the first intermediate host of F. buski at our sampling sites