Siput Air Tawar sebagai Hospes Perantara Trematoda di Desa Kalumpang dalam dan Sungai Papuyu, Kecamatan Babirik, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara

Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara merupakan kabupaten endemis fasciolopsiasis, yaitu penyakit cacing trematoda usus yang menginfeksi manusia. Fasciolopsiasis disebabkan oleh salah satu cacing trematoda spesies Fasciolopsis buski. Berdasarkan siklus hidupnya cacing trematoda melewati siklus hidup yang kompleks, pada tahap serkaria harus berkembang dalam siput air tawar tertentu sebagai hospes perantaranya. Kondisi geografis Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara merupakan daerah rawa yang hampir sepanjang tahun selalu tergenang air sedalam 1-3 meter, sangat ideal bagi perkembangbiakan siput air tawar. Dengan hidupnya siput air tawar, sangat memungkinkan bagi jenis cacing trematoda lainnya untuk berkembang dan ditransmisikan ke hospes selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies siput air tawar yang berpotensi sebagai hospes perantara potensial trematoda di Desa Kalumpang Dalam dan Sungai Papuyu, Kecamatan Babirik, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara. Disain penelitian secara cross sectional, dan dilaksanakan di Desa Kalumpang Dalam dan Sungai Papuyu, Kecamatan Babirik, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, dalam tahun 2012 dan 2013. Hasil penelitian diperoleh siput air tawar (genus Indoplanorbis, Gyraulus, Lymnaea, Bellamya, Pomacea, Melanoides). Ditemukannya serkaria pada siput air tawar menunjukkan kemungkinan adanya kecacingan trematoda lainnya selain fasciolopsiasis, yaitu antara lain echinostomiasis, fascioliasis, cercarial dermatititis dan intestinal fluke lainnya. Rekomendasi dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa: peningkatan peran serta masyarakat dalam menghentikan kebiasaan yang beresiko kecacingan; pengobatan terhadap penderita kecacingan; peningkatan alokasi anggaran kesehatan terhadap program pengendalian kecacingan; peningkatan sumber daya manusia dan sarana-prasarana di bidang promosi kesehatan dan pemeriksaan mikroskopis kecacingan; penyuluhan mengenai kecacingan terhadap masyarakat daerah endemis secara multi sektor; melibatkan peran serta, dukungan tokoh masyarakat dan pemuka desa yang diteladani; dan menggalang dukungan dan keterlibatan lintas sektor terhadap intervensi rekayasa lingkungan dan sosial budaya masyarakat

Hospes Perantara dan Hospes Reservoir Fasciolopsis Buski di Indonesia Studi Epidemiologi F. Buski di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2002 dan 2010

Buski intestinal worm disease (fasciolopsiosis) is an endemic disease in some villages in the Hulu Sungai Utara district. Since the discovery of the case in 1982 until recently, the fasciolopsiosis prevalence has not showed a declining trend. Even in some periods it seems to rise, despite mitigation efforts continue to be implemented through various surveys, which ended with the drugs administration.Unidentified intermediate hosts and reservoir hosts is one constraint in the disease control.To determine the epidemiological cycle of F. buski, two studies were conducted by two research institutions under the Research and Development Agency in 2002 by Anorital, etal. and 2010 by Annida.Results from both studies showed that there were 3 kinds of water plants (second intermediate host) consumed by communities; the lily (Nymphea alba), bird lotus(Nymphea lotus) and water spinach (Ipomea aquatica) which was positive of Metasercariae and Cercariae. Two of four types of freshwater snails (the first intermediate host) specimens examined were positive of redia and cercariae; kalambuai snail (Lymnea sp.) and flat snails (Indoplanorbis sp.). One of four animal manure specimens examined was positive of F. buski egg (found in buffalo dung). It was also found two egg specimens from chicken and alabio duck manure whichis resembled to F. buski. But in terms ofsize, it was much smaller than the egg of F. buski. Despite these positive findings, the confirmation from experienced research institutions is needed. It is expected that the Buski intestinal worm disease (fasciolopsiosis) control can be conducted effectively. An in-depth study is also needed

The Policy of Helminthiasis Control and Public Knowledge Againts Helminthiasis in Banjar Regency South Kalimantan Province

Background: Helminthiasis is a neglected disease that lack of attention both prevention and handling. Eventhough helminthiasis is tent not to be deadly disease but it can reduce the nutrition that influence the growth and mental of the children. For the adult it brings out the reducing of productivity. That's why it is very important to determine helminthiasis prevention strategies in South Kalimantan by doing a comprehensive effort to be the basic data for determining policies to helminthiasis control programs appropriatly. This study is aimed to know the specific aspects that retart the program of helminthiasis control in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan. Methods: It is descriptive study with cross sectional design. The data are collected by indepth interview to the policy holder that has connection with the helminthiasis control and the guardian of elementary schoo, they are 291 respondents. results: There has not any coordination yet between cross programs and sector to control helminthiasis and there has not any budget yet for helminthiasis program. Those are one of the obstruction that make helminthiasis program can not wotk effectively. The public knowledge of Banjar Regency about helminthiasis is in good level. There is no relationship between parental knowledge with helminthiasis, otherwise there is relationship between knowledge of children with helminthiasis. conclusion:Policy only focus on curative services due to helminthiasis is not a deadly disease. recommendation: Increasing the budget of program and improving the awareness of across sector and program will support helminthiasis control program

Pola Distribusi Himenolepiasis di Kalimantan Selatan

Kecacingan umumnya disebabkan oleh cacing golongan Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm dan cacing golongan non STH yaitu Enterobius vermicularis. Kasus kecacingan yang khas terjadi di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan adalah yang disebabkan oleh Fasciolopsis buski. Namun dalam survei kecacingan oleh Balai Litbang P2B2 Tanah Bumbu tahun 2008-2009 ditemukan pula kasus himenolepiasis yang disebabkan oleh Hymenolepis sp. Penelitian observasional analitik ini dilakukan di 13 kabupaten/kota di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan dengan desain potong lintang. Survei tinja dilaksanakan dalam 2 tahap: yaitu tahap 1 pada tahun 2010 di 6 kabupaten (Tanah Laut, Tabalong, Tanah Bumbu, Tapin, Barito Kuala, dan Balangan), dan tahap 2 pada tahun 2011 di 7 kabupaten/kota (Kotabaru, Banjar, Hulu Sungai Selatan, Hulu Sungai Tengah, Hulu Sungai Utara, Banjarbaru, dan Banjarmasin), dengan jumlah total 3.643 sampel tinja. Total kasus himenolepiasis yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini sebesar 0,5% (20 kasus) yang tersebar pada Kabupaten Kotabaru 0,3%, Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu 0,3%, Kabupaten Balangan 0,5%, Kabupaten Tabalong 0,6%, Kabupaten HSS 0,9%, Kabupaten Banjar 1,7%, dan tertinggi di Kabupaten Tapin 1,9%. Banyak aspek pada masyarakat di Kalimantan Selatan yang kemungkinan menyebabkan penularan himenolepiasis, misalnya kebiasaan masyarakat memakan sedikit beras mentah setelah makan jengkol, dengan anggapan bahwa dengan makan beras dapat mencegah bau yang timbul akibat memakan jengkol. Sehingga kemungkinan ikut termakan kutu beras atau beras yang mengandung cysticercoid Hymenolepis. Hal ini perlu digali lebih dalam agar dapat menjadi landasan bagi dasar penelitian dan program penanggulangan himenolepiasis

PERILAKU MINUM OBAT MASSAL FILARIASIS DI DESA PIHAUNG DAN BANJANG, KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA

Sekitar 886 juta orang di dunia berisiko terkena filariasis dan membutuhkan obat pencegahan. Ada lebih dari 14 ribu orang di Indonesia menderita filariasis kronis pada 2014. Kasus filariasis di Kalimantan Selatan pada 2017 sejumlah 55 kasus, dengan kasus tertinggi ditemukan di Kabupaten Tabalong yaitu 30 kasus dan Kabupaten Barito Kuala sebanyak 16 kasus, sedangkan di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara tidak dilaporkan adanya kasus. Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara sudah melakukan pemberian obat pencegahan massal sebanyak dua tahap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perilaku minum obat massal filariasis di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara. Penelitian ini memiliki desain potong lintang. Waktu pengambilan sampel yaitu pada September 2017. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Desa Pihaung dan Desa Banjang. Rumah dipilih dengan teknik systematic random sampling. Semua orang yang ada dalam rumah, yang memenuhi kriteria sampel diwawancarai. Sebanyak 620 orang terpilih menjadi responden, terdiri dari 283 laki-laki dan 337 perempuan. Responden yang ikut pengobatan massal filariasis hanya 453 (73%) orang. Ada 40 (8,8%) responden yang tidak minum obat yang didapatnya, dengan alasan takut efek samping. Hampir seluruh responden minum obat di rumah (96,9%) dan diminum malam hari (91,8%). Kualitas pelaksanaan program pemberian obat pencegahan massal perlu diperbaiki agar responden mau minum semua obat yang didapatnya dan meminumnya di depan petugas kesehatan.   Around 886 million people in the world are at risk for filariasis and need preventive medicine. In Indonesia, more than 14 thousand people were found suffering from chronic filariasis in 2014. In South Kalimantan, 55 cases were found in 2017, with the highest rates were in Tabalong Regency (30 cases) and Barito Kuala Regency (16 cases). Whereas in the Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, no cases were reported. Hulu Sungai Utara Regency has administered mass prevention drugs in two stages. This study aims to analyze the behavior of taking medication for filariasis in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. The design of this study is cross sectional. The sample was taken in September 2017 which was done in Pihaung Village and Banjang Village. The house was chosen by systematic random sampling technique. All people in the house who met the sample criteria were interviewed. A total of 620 people was selected as respondents, consisting of 283 men and 337 women. Only 453 (73%) people took part in the mass treatment of filariasis. There were 40 (8.8%) respondents who did not take the medication they got, because they were worried about side effects. Almost all respondents took medication at home (96.9%) and were taken at night (91.8%). The quality of the implementation of the mass prevention drug administration program needs to be improved so that respondents want to take all the drugs they get and take them in front of the health worker

Intestinal Parasite Incidence on Elementary School Students in Town and Village at Tanah Bumbu District

Intestinal parasitic diseases is common occurre in children with the high risk and it become problem that need effective and efficient control. The purpose of this research is to obtain prevalent data and the distribution pattern of intestinal parasites in children of urban and rural area in Tanah Bumbu district by conducting survey on worm infected primary students. Collecting and examining samples of students feses from five schools, three schools in Simpang Empat sub district as urban area, and two schools in Sungai Loban sub district as rural area were conducted on this research. The examination uses direct examination methode using microscope to find out the positive samples containing worm eggs. The result indicated that 388 samples from urban area there were 25 (6,4%) positive and 113 samples from rural area there were 13 (11,5%) positive. Next, the worm species prevalence in urban area are Ascaris lumbricoides (2,6%), Trichuris trichiura (2,3%), Hymenolepis nana (1,5%) and Hookworm (0,3%). Worm species prevalence in rural area are A.lumbricoides (8,0%) , H. nana (0,9%) and Enterobius vermicularis (2,7%). Prevalence of parasites was higher on boys than girls bath urban and rural area. Prevalens of parasites was higher on 6-9 years age than 10-15 years age bath urban and rural area.Penyakit parasit pencernaan umumnya lebih banyak terjadi pada anak-anak usia sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kejadian infeksi parasit pencernaan pada anak-anak daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu dengan melakukan survei cacingan pada anak sekolah dasar. Pengumpulan sampel feses dilakukan di lima Sekolah Dasar (SD), tiga SD di Kecamatan Simpang Empat yang mewakili daerah perkotaan dan dua SD di Kecamatan Sungai Laban yang mewakili daerah pedesaan. Pemeriksaan sampel menggunakan metode pemeriksaan langsung dengan mikroskop untuk mengetahui sampel yang positif mengandung telur cacing. Hasil menunjukkan 388 sampel feses dari SD di perkotaan, terdapat 25 sampel (6,4%) yang positif, sedangkan 113 sampel feses dari SD di pedesaan terdapat 13 sampel (11,5%) yang positif. Prevalensi spesies cacing yang ditemukan di daerah perkotaan yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides (2,6%), Trichuris trichiura (2,3%), Hymenolepis nana (1,5%) dan Hookworm (0,3%). Prevalensi spesies cacing yang ditemukan di daerah pedesaan yaitu A. lumbricoides (8,0%) , H. nana (0,9%) dan Enterobius vermicularis (2,7%). Prevalensi kecacingan anak laki-laki lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak perempuan, baik di daerah perkotaan maupun pedesaan. Prevalensi kecacingan pada kelompok umur 6-9 tahun lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak kelompok umur 10-15 tahun, baik di daerah perkotaan maupun pedesaan

AN ANALYSIS OF THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING ENGLISH PROCEDURAL TEXT AT THE NINTH GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 2 XIII KOTO KAMPAR

The purpose of this research is to analyze students’ ability in writing English procedure text at the ninth grade of Junior High School 2 XIII Koto Kampar. This study was a descriptive method. The subject of this research was the ninth grade student of Junior High School 2 XIII Koto Kampar while the object of this research was the students’ ability in writing English procedure text. The researcher used purposive sampling technique to take the sample, there were 30 students as sample from 58 students. To collect the data, the researcher used test. The text was conducted to find students’ ability in writing English procedure text. Based on data analysis, the researcher found that the students were not able to use mechanics correctly, it was based on the mean score of students’ ability in writing English procedure text. The mean score of students’ ability in mechanics was 63.75, language use was 70.83, vocabulary was 74.17, content was 89.17, and organization was 91.67. From five components of writing, the researcher found the students strong in the organization and weak in mechanics. The result of the data analysis was that their ability in writing english procedure text at Junior High School 2 XIII Koto Kampar was categorized into very good level. Keywords: Analysis, Ability, Writing, Procedure Tex

Identifikasi Serkaria Fasciolopsis buski dengan PCR untuk Konfirmasi Hospes Perantara di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia

Fasciolopsiasis in Indonesia is endemic in Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan. Problems in controlling this disease is to identify the snail that acts as an first intermediate host. Fasciolopsis buski intermediate host is determined by the presence of F. buski cercariae on the conch. Identification of cercariae using microscopic method can not ensure that was F. buski cercariae, so it is necessary to use a more accurate method. Therefore, the research aimed to identify F. buski cercariae using Polymerase Chain Reaction ( PCR ) to confirm the cercariae species and the first intermediate host snails of F. buski. Observational studies in the field and laboratory are conducted in March -December 2014. Snail samplings were taken place at Sungai Papuyu and Kalumpang Dalam villages. Cercariae PCR analys is was done at Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science-Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. Our field collections found 6 snail genus: Pomacea, Bellamya, Indoplanorbis, Lymnaea, Gyraulus, and Melanoides. Three species of cercariae obtained by microscopic examination consisted of Echinostome cercariae in Lymnaea and Indoplanorbissnail, Brevifurcate-pharyngeate cercariae in Lymnaea snail, and Sulcatomicrocercous cercariae in Bellamya snail. PCR analysis showed positive result of F. buski on Echinostome cercariae samples found from Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis snail. This finding have confirmed that both snails were the first intermediate host of F. buski at our sampling sites

PENGARUH METODE INQUIRY TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BAHASA ARAB : Studi Eksperimen Kuasi Terhadap Siswa Kelas X MA Al- Inayah Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2012/2013

Tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode Inquiry terhadap peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa. Metode Inquiry merupakan salah satu metode sederhana yang memberi kesempatan kepada siswa untuk bekerja sendiri serta bekerja sama dengan orang lain. Serta diyakini mampu mengoptimalkan partisipasi siswa untuk memberikan solusi dalam pemecahan suatu masalah. Terdapat tiga pertanyaan penelitian yang diajukan sebagai rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu (1) Bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa sebelum menggunakan metode Inquiry? (2) Bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa setelah menggunakan metode Inquiry? (3) Apakah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab sebelum dan setelah menggunakan metode Inquiry? Berdasarkan rumusan masalah tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Arab siswa sebelum menggunakan metode Inquiry (2) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Arab siswa setelah menggunakan metode Inquiry (3) Untuk menemukan ada atau tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Arab siswa sebelum dan setelah mengikuti pembelajaran dengan metode Inquiry. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif. Dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen kuasi. Sedangkan desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu nonequivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X MA Al- Inayah Bandung dan yang menjadi sampel adalah siswa kelas X B sebagai kelompok ekperimen dan siswa kelas X C sebagai kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu berupa tes pilihan ganda. Hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa dengan metode. Dengan kata lain, hipotesis yang penulis ajukan diterima, karena Zhitung (0,72) lebih besar dari Ztabel (0,235) maka pada taraf signifikansi (α) = 0,05 diputuskan untuk menolak H0 dan menerima Ha, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan metode Inquiry terhadap peningkatan kemampuan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab. The main purpose of research of this research was to figure out of the effect of inquiry method toward the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language. Inquiry method is one of simple methods which gives occasion to student to study independently and study with other students collaboratively. And also it can optimize student participation to in giving solution to a problem. There were (1) How is the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language before using inquiry method? (2) How is the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language after using inquiry method? (3) Whether there is a significant difference between the increased capabilities of the arabic vocabulary mastery before and after using inquiry method? Based on research questions the purpose of this study were (1) To figure out the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language before using inquiry method (2) ) To figure out the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language after using inquiry method (3) To find out that was there any significant different between the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language before and after using inquiry method. The approach of this study was quantitative, dealing with quasi experimental method and the research design used was non equivalent control group design. The population of this research were student of class X MA Al-Inayah Bandung. And the sample were student of class X.B as experimental group and student of class X.C as control group. The instrument of this research was multiple choice questions. The result of data analysis showed that there was significant different between the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language using inquiry method. In other word, the hypothesis proposed by the writer was accepted, because Zcount (0,72) was higher than Ztable (0,235) therefore at the extand of significancy (α) = 0,05 it was decided to reject H0 and accept Ha, and this point showed that there was significant effect of the using of inquiry method toward the increasing of vocabulary mastery of arabic language. Keywords: Inquiry Method, Vocabular

PEMBUATAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN MATERI KESEHATAN RUMAH DAN LINGKUNGAN PADA KEAHLIAN ILMU KELUARGA

Learning Video is one of the media that can help students to understand a home and environmental health theory on family science skills. The purpose of this research is to make video learning of home and environmental health in family sciences, and then validated to know the feasibility of learning media. The method that used in this research is R&D (Research and Developement). Then it applied through the development of Planning, Production, Evaluation (PPE) model according to Richey and Klein (2007), which was adjusted to the needs of researchers. The general research step is the planning of a video product; Video creation (shooting and editing); Product evaluation by theory and media experts. Findings on this study stated that after validation by theory experts, the material on learning videos is reasonably feasible with poorly structured and comprehensive material records, and there are some materials that need to be added to comply with the provisions. Further validation results of media experts state that videos are less feasible because the sound on learning videos must use human narrator with good and correct pronunciation, and the addition of material texts must be added. Related to this home and environmental health Learning video is that it will be better to complete the completion of the study media that is implemented for the students so that their usefulness can be felt