Die Dominikanerinnen St. Peter in Bludenz & Altenstadt

nicht angegebe

Differential expression of apoptotic genes PDIA3 and MAP3K5 distinguishes between low- and high-risk prostate cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Despite recent progress in the identification of genetic and molecular alterations in prostate cancer, markers associated with tumor progression are scarce. Therefore precise diagnosis of patients and prognosis of the disease remain difficult. This study investigated novel molecular markers discriminating between low and highly aggressive types of prostate cancer.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using 52 microdissected cell populations of low- and high-risk prostate tumors, we identified via global cDNA microarrays analysis almost 1200 genes being differentially expressed among these groups. These genes were analyzed by statistical, pathway and gene enrichment methods. Twenty selected candidate genes were verified by quantitative real time PCR and immunohistochemistry. In concordance with the mRNA levels, two genes <it>MAP3K5 </it>and <it>PDIA3 </it>exposed differential protein expression. Functional characterization of <it>PDIA3 </it>revealed a pro-apoptotic role of this gene in PC3 prostate cancer cells.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our analyses provide deeper insights into the molecular changes occurring during prostate cancer progression. The genes <it>MAP3K5 </it>and <it>PDIA3 </it>are associated with malignant stages of prostate cancer and therefore provide novel potential biomarkers.</p

#social support: Der Einfluss von Responsibility Frames in sozialen Medien auf Verantwortungszuschreibungen zum Thema Depression

Schaller S, Wiedicke A, Reifegerste D, Temmann LJ. #social support: Der Einfluss von Responsibility Frames in sozialen Medien auf Verantwortungszuschreibungen zum Thema Depression. In: Vogelgesang J, Ströbele-Benschop N, Schäfer M, Reifegerste D, eds. Gesundheitskommunikation in Zeiten der COVID-19-Pandemie. Stuttgart: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft e. V.; 2022.Die Untersuchung der Wirkung von Responsibility Frames in sozialen Medien zum Thema Depressionen ist von hoher Relevanz für die Kommunikationswissenschaft. Dies ergibt sich daraus, dass mediale Verantwortungszuschreibungen Folgen für die (Ent-)Stigmatisierung der psychischen Störung haben können. Der Beitrag untersucht die Wirkung dreier Responsibility Frames (individuell, soziales Netzwerk, kombiniert) in Instagram-Posts zu Depressionen auf die Verantwortungszuschreibungen der Rezipierenden und erweitert damit die bestehende Forschung. Das Online-Experiment (N = 1.015) zeigte erstens, dass in Inhalten sozialer Medien solche Responsibility Frames, die die Verantwortung sozialer Einflüsse (soziales Netzwerk) für Depressionen betonen, soziale Zuschreibungen am effektivsten stärken. Der individuelle Responsibility Frame intensivierte hingegen die Auffassung, dass Betroffene selbst verantwortlich sind am meisten. Entgegen bisherigen Erkenntnissen zu anderen Gesundheitsproblemen zeigte unser Experiment zweitens, dass eine Kombination beider Frames in Instagram-Posts die Verantwortungszuschreibungen zu sozialen Einflüssen nicht am effektivsten intensiviert und gleichzeitig die Zuschreibungen zum Individuum erhöht. Am Ende werden Implikationen für die (Ent-)Stigmatisierung von Depressionen durch Responsibility Frames sozialer Medien abgeleitet. So könnte man im Kontext sozialer Medien vor allem mit Frames des sozialen Netzwerks der Stigmatisierung von Depressionen entgegenwirken.Investigating effects of responsibility frames regarding depression on social media is of high relevance for communication science. This results from the fact that responsibility attributions in the media can have consequences for the (de)stigmatization of the mental disorder. This paper examines the effects of three responsibility frames (individual, social network, combined) in Instagram posts about depression on recipients' attributions and thus extends existing research. First, the online experiment (N = 1,015) showed that in social media depictions, frames emphasizing social responsibilities (social network) for depression strengthened social attributions most effectively. By contrast, the individual responsibility frame intensified the belief that affected persons themselves are responsible to a great extent. Second, contrary to previous findings on other health problems, our experiment revealed that a combination of both frames in Instagram posts did not intensify social attributions in the most powerful way, while simultaneously increasing attributions to the individual. Finally, implications for (de)stigmatizing depression through responsibility frames on social media are derived. In the context of social media, particularly frames of the social network could contribute to counteract the stigmatization of depression

Large Animal Model of Osteoporotic Defect Healing: An Alternative to Metaphyseal Defect Model

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disorder diagnosed by lower bone density and higher risk of fracture. Fragility fractures because of osteoporosis are associated with high mortality rate. Deep understanding of fracture healing in osteoporosis is important for successful treatment. Therefore, the FDA approved the use of small and large animal models for preclinical testing. This study investigated the clinical relevance of a fracture defect model in the iliac crest of the osteoporotic sheep model and its several advantages over other models. The osteoporosis was achieved using ovariectomy (OVX) in combination with diet deficiency (OVXD) and steroid administration (OVXDS). Fluorochrome was injected to examine the rate of bone remodelling and bone mineralization. The defect areas were collected and embedded in paraffin and polymethyl metha acrylate (PMMA) for histological staining. OVXDS showed significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) at all time points. Furthermore, variations in healing patterns were noticed, while the control, OVX and OVXD showed complete healing after 8 months. Bone quality was affected mostly in the OVXDS group showing irregular trabecular network, lower cortical bone thickness and higher cartilaginous tissue at 8 months. The mineral deposition rate showed a declining pattern in the control, OVX, and OVXD from 5 months to 8 months. One the contrary, the OVXDS group showed an incremental pattern from 5 months to 8 months. The defect zone in osteoporotic animals showed impaired healing and the control showed complete healing after 8 months. This unique established model serves as a dual-purpose model and has several advantages: no intraoperative and postoperative complications, no need for fixation methods for biomaterial testing, and reduction in animal numbers, which comply with 3R principles by using the same animal at two different time points

Integration of various dimensions in food-based dietary guidelines via mathematical approaches Report of a DGE/FENS Workshop in Bonn, Germany, 23-24 September 2019

International audienceIn the past, food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) were derived nearly exclusively by using systematic reviews on diet-health relationships and translating dietary reference values for nutrient intake into foods. This approach neglects many other implications that dietary recommendations have on society, the economy and environment. In view of pressing challenges, such as climate change and the rising burden of diet-related diseases, the simultaneous integration of evidence-based findings from different dimensions into FBDGs is required. Consequently, mathematical methods and data processing are evolving as powerful tools in nutritional sciences. The possibilities and reasons for the derivation of FBDGs via mathematical approaches were the subject of a joint workshop hosted by the German Nutrition Society (DGE) and the Federation of European Nutrition Societies (FENS) in September 2019 in Bonn, Germany. European scientists were invited to discuss and exchange on the topics of mathematical optimisation for the development of FBDGs and different approaches to integrate various dimensions into FBDGs. We concluded that mathematical optimisation is a suitable tool to formulate FBDGs finding trade-offs between conflicting goals and taking several dimensions into account. We identified a lack of evidence for the extent to which constraints and weights for different dimensions are set and the challenge to compile diverse data that suit the demands of optimisation models. We also found that individualisation via mathematical optimisation is one perspective of FBDGs to increase consumer acceptance, but the application of mathematical optimisation for population-based and individual FBDGs requires more experience and evaluation for further improvements

Adjuvant Therapy for Elderly Breast Cancer Patients after Breast-Conserving Surgery: Outcomes in Real World Practice

We aimed to evaluate the standard of care of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in elderly female patients (≥65 years) treated outside of clinical trials and to identify potential factors related to the omission of RT and the interaction with endocrine therapy (ET). All women treated with BCS at two major breast centers between 1998 and 2014 were evaluated. Data were provided by the Tumor Registry Munich. Survival analyses were conducted using the Kaplan–Meier method. Prognostic factors were identified using multivariate Cox regression analysis. The median follow-up was 88.4 months. Adjuvant RT was performed in 82% (2599/3171) of patients. Irradiated patients were younger (70.9 vs. 76.5 years, p p p = 0.014). Non-irradiated patients more often had non-invasive DCIS tumors (pTis: 20.3% vs. 6.8%, p p p p p p = 0.003). Similarly, RT alone had significantly better locoregional control rates compared to ET alone (10-year LRFS 92.6% with RT alone vs. 78.1% with ET alone, p p = 0.014). The present work confirms the efficacy of postoperative RT for breast carcinoma in elderly patients (≥65 years) treated in a modern clinical setting outside of clinical trials, even in patients who receive ET