Nelly Chabrol Gagne, Filles d’album. Les représentations du féminin dans l’album

Les études féministes s’intéressent depuis les années 1970 à la culture de l’enfance et de la jeunesse, et particulièrement aux représentations du féminin dans les albums (voir notamment les textes pionniers d’Elena Gianini Belotti et les albums d’Adela Turin), mais c’est depuis les années 2000 que les études sur ce domaine se sont multipliées. Études de sociologues pour la plupart, elles reposaient sur des enquêtes systématiques chiffrées et faisaient le constat que, si l’on assistait à un r..

Christiane Connan-Pintado & Gilles Béhotéguy (dir.), Être une fille, un garçon dans la littérature de jeunesse. France 1945-2012

Ce livre s’inscrit dans l’un des axes du programme de recherches interdisciplinaires Generatio, porté par la Maison des Sciences de l’homme d’Aquitaine, qui a exploré « La construction des jeunes générations en Europe, xixe-xxie siècle ». Le titre de cet ouvrage est fidèle à son contenu : il fait le point sur les nombreuses recherches menées depuis les années 1980 dans le domaine de la place – quantitative et qualitative – accordée au masculin et au féminin dans les ouvrages de littérature de..

Le jazz à la lumière de Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Le discours tenu sur le jazz par les premiers témoins (journalistes, écrivains, musicologues…) de son arrivée en Europe est extrêmement proche de celui, qu’à l’âge classique, les voyageurs et les philosophes qui compilèrent les récits de ces derniers produisirent à propos de la musique des Noirs africains ou des esclaves. Si on déplore très généralement le bruit et la cacophonie engendrés par des pratiques qu’il est presque impossible de tenir pour musicales, quelques voix s’avèrent plus inspirées. Or, quoi de véritablement commun entre les « tambours des Mandingos » ou le « chant du Nègre Arada » d’une part, la musique délivrée dans l’Europe de l’après Première Guerre mondiale par les grands orchestres de Will Marion Cook ou James Reese Europe de l’autre ? Tout en interrogeant une permanence des discours que la différence des musiques rend problématique, on suggérera que c’est peut-être l’activité de penseurs des Lumières tels que Jean-Jacques Rousseau qui, en posant les bases de l’ethnomusicologie, a lointainement préparé nos esprits et nos oreilles à entendre les musiques autres ou, plus largement, à écouter autrement la musique.Jazz in the Light of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. – Firsthand reports written about jazz, when it arrived in Europe, by journalists, writers and musicologists closely resemble the accounts written, during the Classical Age, about Black African or slave music by travelers and the philosophers who set their words down in writing. Besides general lamentations about the noise and cacophony produced by practices that could hardly be called musical, a few more inspired voices were heard. What is really in common between “Manding drums” or the “Nègre Arada chant” and the music brought to Europe after the First World War by Will Marion Cook’s or James Reese’s bands? While inquiring into the constancy in these accounts, which does not hold up given the difference between the sorts of music in question, the authors suggest that thinkers during the Enlightenment, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau (who laid the basis for ethnomusicology), helped prepare our minds and ears for other kinds of music or, in broader terms, prepared the way for us to listen to music in another way

Exploring the Relationships Between Altered Body Perception, Limb Position Sense, and Limb Movement Sense in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

© 2018 The Authors Chronic pain is often accompanied by patient-reported distorted body perception and an altered kinesthesia (referring to the senses of limb position and limb movement), but the association between these deficits is unknown. The objectives of this study were to assess body perception and the senses of limb position and limb movement in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and to test whether these variables are related to each other and to pain intensity. Thirteen patients with upper limb CRPS (mean pain intensity, 4.2 ± 2.4 out of 10) and 13 controls were recruited. Body perception was self-reported with a questionnaire, and the senses of limb position (task 1) and of limb movement (task 2) were assessed with a robotic system combined with a 2D virtual reality display. The results showed altered kinesthesia in the patients with CRPS compared with controls (all

Virtual reality-induced sensorimotor conflict evokes limb-specific sensory disturbances in complex regional pain syndrome

Sensory disturbances are frequently observed in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). They are characterized by changes in the perception of limb weight and temperature, a distorted mental image of the affected limb, feeling the limb as a foreign body part, etc. However, the origin of such disturbances remains unclear. It has been hypothesized that such disturbances are due to attentional effects and/or sensorimotor integration deficits. If sensory disturbances are explained by sensorimotor integration deficits rather than by attentional factors (as hypervigilance toward pain and pain-related sensations), they would be expected to be specific in terms of the type of sensation evoked and in terms of localization.Objectives: The first objective was to test whether sensory disturbances evoked by a unilateral sensorimotor conflict are specific to the painful limb and differ according to the type of sensory disturbances in individuals with a unilateral CRPS compared to healthy controls (HC). The second objective was to assess the association between clinical characteristics and sensory disturbances evoked by a unilateral sensorimotor conflict. The third objective was to assess motor disturbances induced by a unilateral sensorimotor conflict.Methods: Ten adults with upper limb (UL) CRPS and 23 HC were recruited. Sensorimotor conflict was elicited with a KINARM robotized exoskeleton interfaced with a 2D virtual environment allowing the projection of a virtual UL that was moving in either a congruent or incongruent manner relative to the actual UL movement. Participants were required to rate the sensory disturbances evoked from 0 (no change) to 3 (high change) on a questionnaire (8 items). According to a previous study, items were categorized in two Types (Type 1: pain, discomfort, the feeling of losing a limb, change in weight and temperature; Type 2: feelings of peculiarity, the impression of gaining a limb and losing control). Motor disturbances were quantified as mediolateral drift and changes in amplitude of UL movement. Recorded clinical characteristics included the intensity and duration of pain, proprioception deficits, and body perception disturbances.Results and conclusion: CRPS participants report higher Type 1 than Type 2 disturbances for the Affected limb (while the reverse was observed for HC and for the Unaffected limb). In addition, no difference was observed between the Unaffected limb in CRPS and the Dominant limb in HC for Type 2 disturbances, while higher conflict sensitivity was observed for Type 1 disturbances. Conflict sensitivity was related to higher pain (but not to other clinical characteristics) only for Type 1 disturbances in the Affected limb. Finally, no difference in motor disturbances was observed between CRPS and HC. While this does not completely rule out the attentional hypothesis, these results are in line with the hypothesis that sensory disturbances in CRPS are due to deficits in sensorimotor integration

[Cu2(HF2)(H2O)8][FeF6]·2H2O

The title compound, octaaqua­(hydrogenfluorido)dicopper(II) hexa­fluoridoferrate(III) dihydrate, was synthesized under hydro­thermal conditions. The Cu atom is coordinated by one F and five O atoms within a highly distorted octa­hedron, forming dimeric [Cu2(H2O)8HF2]3+ units by edge sharing. These units are hydrogen bonded to [FeF6]3− anions and to an inter­stitial water mol­ecule. The former feature Fe3+ on a special position (). The dimeric copper units are linked to adjacent dimers by F—H⋯F hydrogen bonds. Additional O—H⋯O and O—H⋯F hydrogen bonds help to consolidate the crystal packing

The influence of hay steaming on clinical signs and airway immune response in severe asthmatic horses

ackground Avoidance of antigenic stimuli was found to significantly reverse airway obstruction of horses with severe equine asthma (sEA). To date, no published study investigated the influence of steaming hay on lower airway condition of sEA-affected horses. The objectives were to determine the clinical, cytological and cytokine respiratory responses of both sEA and control (CTL) horses experimentally exposed to steamed or dry hay. Results A cohort of 6 sEA horses and 6 CTL horses was involved in this field study. On day 0, both groups were fed with steamed hay for 5 consecutive days, followed by a wash-out period of 26 days prior to be fed with dry hay for 5 consecutive days. Investigations performed 2 days prior to and 5 days after each challenge included clinical score, tracheal mucus accumulation, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology and cytokine mRNA expression. Feeding steamed hay significantly decreased its mould content (P < 0.001). Mucus score significantly increased when feeding dry hay (P = 0.01). No significant influence of challenge type was found on clinical score. Percentages of neutrophils (P < 0.001) as well as mRNA expression of IL-1β (P = 0.024), IL-6R (P = 0.021), IL-18 (P = 0.009) and IL-23 (P = 0.036) in BALF of sEA affected horses were significantly increased after both (steamed and dry hay) challenges. Relative mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6R and IL-23 in BALF were also significantly correlated to neutrophil percentages and both clinical and tracheal mucus score. Conclusions Steaming significantly decreased mould content but inconsistently influenced the respiratory response of sEA affected horses when fed hay. Based on BALF cytology and cytokine profiles, its relevance might be controversial as a non-medicinal therapy for sEA-affected horses