Introduction of the Election Cycle Model: the case of the Czech Republic 2006-2007

The aim of this paper is to analyze how the political marketing was used and applied in the electoral campaign 2006 and how marketing influenced and changed the party’s behaviour (even after the elections). Political marketing can be described as the use of marketing concepts and methods in politics. It allows us to analyze political parties from a new and different perspective. We focus mainly on the relevant political subjects (which successfully entered the Parliament) with a special accent on the campaign of Social Democrats (ČSSD). The objectives of this paper are to analyze the electoral process as changing and developing activity and answer following questions. How the party formulated their strategies and how they use political communication. Secondly, to review how the campaign was organized. Thirdly, what attitude does the Czech political parties towards campaigning and elections and what changes we can expect in this field? Methodologically, we will approach it by introducing the Election Cycle Model. It is a heuristic model and it examines elections, campaigning and governing as mutually influenced process. We are aware that the model was tailored for the Czech Elections 2006; anyway, it provides us with a very solid framework for further analysis of the party’s behaviour.

Introduction of the Election Cycle Model: The Case of the Czech Republic 2006–2007

The aim of this paper is to analyze how political marketing was used and applied in the 2006 electoral campaign and how marketing influenced and changed party behaviour (even after the elections). Political marketing can be described as the use of marketing concepts and methods in politics. It allows us to analyze political parties from a new and different perspective. We focus mainly on the relevant political actors (who were successful in entering Parliament), with special attention to the campaign of the Social Democrats (ČSSD). The objectives of this paper are to analyze the electoral process as a changing and evolving activity and to answer the following questions: How did the party formulate its strategy and how did it use political communication? Second, how was the campaign organized? Third, what attitude do Czech political parties hold towards campaigning and elections and what changes may be expected in this area? Methodologically, we will approach the topic by introducing the Election Cycle Model. This is a heuristic model which examines elections, campaigning and governing as mutually influenced processes. We are aware that the model was tailor-made for the 2006 Czech Elections but it still offers a very solid framework for further analysis of party behaviour.The aim of this paper is to analyze how political marketing was used and applied in the 2006 electoral campaign and how marketing influenced and changed party behaviour (even after the elections). Political marketing can be described as the use of marketing concepts and methods in politics. It allows us to analyze political parties from a new and different perspective. We focus mainly on the relevant political actors (who were successful in entering Parliament), with special attention to the campaign of the Social Democrats (ČSSD). The objectives of this paper are to analyze the electoral process as a changing and evolving activity and to answer the following questions: How did the party formulate its strategy and how did it use political communication? Second, how was the campaign organized? Third, what attitude do Czech political parties hold towards campaigning and elections and what changes may be expected in this area? Methodologically, we will approach the topic by introducing the Election Cycle Model. This is a heuristic model which examines elections, campaigning and governing as mutually influenced processes. We are aware that the model was tailor-made for the 2006 Czech Elections but it still offers a very solid framework for further analysis of party behaviour

Malíř, Jiří; Marek, Pavel a kol.: Politické strany I. 1861 – 1938. Politické strany II. 1938 – 2004. Vývoj politických stran a hnutí v českých zemích a Československu

Knižní recenze / Book review

Reductive Evolution of the Mitochondrial Processing Peptidases of the Unicellular Parasites Trichomonas vaginalis and Giardia intestinalis

Mitochondrial processing peptidases are heterodimeric enzymes (α/βMPP) that play an essential role in mitochondrial biogenesis by recognizing and cleaving the targeting presequences of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. The two subunits are paralogues that probably evolved by duplication of a gene for a monomeric metallopeptidase from the endosymbiotic ancestor of mitochondria. Here, we characterize the MPP-like proteins from two important human parasites that contain highly reduced versions of mitochondria, the mitosomes of Giardia intestinalis and the hydrogenosomes of Trichomonas vaginalis. Our biochemical characterization of recombinant proteins showed that, contrary to a recent report, the Trichomonas processing peptidase functions efficiently as an α/β heterodimer. By contrast, and so far uniquely among eukaryotes, the Giardia processing peptidase functions as a monomer comprising a single βMPP-like catalytic subunit. The structure and surface charge distribution of the Giardia processing peptidase predicted from a 3-D protein model appear to have co-evolved with the properties of Giardia mitosomal targeting sequences, which, unlike classic mitochondrial targeting signals, are typically short and impoverished in positively charged residues. The majority of hydrogenosomal presequences resemble those of mitosomes, but longer, positively charged mitochondrial-type presequences were also identified, consistent with the retention of the Trichomonas αMPP-like subunit. Our computational and experimental/functional analyses reveal that the divergent processing peptidases of Giardia mitosomes and Trichomonas hydrogenosomes evolved from the same ancestral heterodimeric α/βMPP metallopeptidase as did the classic mitochondrial enzyme. The unique monomeric structure of the Giardia enzyme, and the co-evolving properties of the Giardia enzyme and substrate, provide a compelling example of the power of reductive evolution to shape parasite biology

South-south cooperation: analysis of the activities of the IBSA

Tato práce se soustředí na fenomén jiho-jižní spolupráce, který má velký vliv na oblast globálního Jihu díky nově nezávistlým zemím v 50. a 60. letech 20. století. Jiho-jižní spolupráce pomáhá zemím globálního Jihu spolupracovat a to zejména za účelem snížit rozdíly mezi globálním Jihem a Severem, kde se nacházejí hlavně bohaté státy. Jednou z nejnovějších forem jiho-jižní spolupráce je platforma IBSA, v rámci které spolupracují Brazílie, Indie a Jihoafrická republika. Tyto země jsou příklady rzvíjejících se zemí se silými ekonomikami, a proto mohou být modelem pro ostatní země globálního Jihu. Klimatické změny jako specifická forma spolupráce v rámci IBSA byly vybrány kvůli velkému dopadu na participující země. Klimatické změny představují na globální scéně závažné téma a tak se mnoho zemí a organizací snaží najít na ně nějaké řešení. Tato práce se snaží nalézt odpověď na vytyčenou výzkumnou otázku: Jakým způsobem Indie, Brazílie a Jihoafrická republika podněcují řešení klimatických změn? Klimatické změny zpomalují rozvoj zemí a to nepřispívá k celkové emancipaci globálního Jihu. První část práce je věnována definici jiho-jižní spolupráce a jsou zde představeny některé příklady této spolupráce a to Hnutí nezúčastněných zemí, Skupina G77, Speciální úřad OSN pro jiho-jižní spolupráci a Skupina G20. Druhá část práce je věnována platformě IBSA, klimatickým změnám v agendě IBSA, členským zemím a dopadům, které na ně klimatické změny mají a nástrojům, kterými IBSA bojuje s klimatickými změnami. V práci byly vybrány konkrétně tři nástroje a to Pracovní skupina IBSA pro životní prostředí, Mezilidské akademické fórum a Fond IBSA pro zmírnění chudoby a hladu.ObhájenoThis thesis attempts to focus on the phenomenon of the South-South cooperation which has a huge impact on region of global South since the second half of the 20th century thanks to newly independent countries that started to emerge mainly during the 50s and 60s. South-South cooperation is helping countries of the global South to cooperate with the aim to reduce the differences between them and the global North where mainly rich developed countries are situated. One of the newest forms of cooperation between the countries of the global South is IBSA trilateral which connects Brazil, India and South Africa. These countries are examples of the emerging powers that have very fast growing economies, and that is why they are good models for other developing countries. The specific field of cooperation, the climate change, has been chosen because this topic has huge impact on these countries. Climate change is a big topic and many countries and organizations are looking for solutions to influence this change. The thesis seeks to answer the questions, how IBSA platform is dealing with the climate change. It assumes that the climate change is slowing down the development of countries that are affected by it. Brazil, India and South Africa are affected by climate change too and the model how they deal with it can be an example for other developing countries. The first part of this paper deals with the definition of the South-South cooperation. It also outlines some examples of this phenomenon like the Non Alignment Movement, Group of 77, United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation and the Group of 20. The second part is dedicated to the IBSA, climate change in the agenda of the platform, member states and the impact of climate change and the instruments of the platform that are used for dealing with the climate change. It concludes that IBSA is dealing with the climate change through three main tools and these are IBSA Environment Working Group, Academic Forum and the IBSA Facility for the Alleviation of Poverty and Hunger (IBSA Fund)

Politický styl Vladimíra Mečiara – prezentační sonda

The article deals with a Slovak politician Vladimír Mečiar, the leader of The Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS). His unusual and populistic political style is characterised according to his speech from 1993 in Slovak city Zlata Idka. It continuously influences a major part of Slovak electorat and it garants significant represantation in parliament

Synthesis and characterization of new Schiff bases contain pendant amino group

Tématem bakalářské práce je příprava a charakterizace nových Schiffových bazí obsahujících pendantní aminoskupinu. Byla provedena literární rešerše s cílem nalézt popsané postupy přípravy N,N-dimethylaminomethylanillinu a Shiffových bazí. Na základě získaných informací byla navržena a laboratorně ověřena metoda syntézy 2-N,N-dimethylaminomethylanilinu. Tato sloučenina byla využita k syntéze vybraných Schiffových bází, její redukovaných forem. Dále byl proveden pokus přípravy palladnatého komplexu připravené Schiffovy báze a N,N-dimethylaminomethylanillinu.The topic of this thesis is the synthesis and characterization of new Schiff bases contain pendant amino group. Literature search was conducted to find the procedures described the preparation of N, N-dimethylaminomethylanillinu and Shiff bases. On the basis of the obtained information was designed and validated laboratory method for the synthesis of 2-N, N-dimethylaminomethylaniline. This compound has been used to synthesize selected Schiff bases and its reduced forms. The experiment of preparation of palladium complexes of prepared Schiff bases and N, N-dimethylaminomethylanilline was made.Ústav organické chemie a technologieOtázky, připomínky: Číslování snímků, vysvětlení výrazu pendantní, sjednocení literatury, základní informace u reakcí, cis-trans izomerie, použité výrazy analýza shiffových bazí a komplexů s P

Hormonal civilization

Submitted thesis deals with the topic of synthetic hormones and human perception of this matter. The phenomenon of the endocrinal disruption that contains synthetic hormones as well is presented in the theoretical part. Then the attention is paid to the negative impacts on human body and on the environment as well as to low effectiveness of the wastewater treatment plant to deal with those pollutants. The practical part of the thesis contains survey among respondents of the Social and cultural department and Electronic culture and semiotics department on the Faculty of humanities of the Charles University. This survey deals with the awareness of this topic, consumer behaviour and opinions on the attention that is paid to this matter in the Czech Republic as well as on the ideal solution to this topic. Key words: hormones, environment, endocrine disruption, human perceptio

Hormonal civilization

Submitted thesis deals with the topic of synthetic hormones and human perception of this matter. The phenomenon of the endocrinal disruption that contains synthetic hormones as well is presented in the theoretical part. Then the attention is paid to the negative impacts on human body and on the environment as well as to low effectiveness of the wastewater treatment plant to deal with those pollutants. The practical part of the thesis contains survey among respondents of the Social and cultural department and Electronic culture and semiotics department on the Faculty of humanities of the Charles University. This survey deals with the awareness of this topic, consumer behaviour and opinions on the attention that is paid to this matter in the Czech Republic as well as on the ideal solution to this topic. Key words: hormones, environment, endocrine disruption, human perceptionPředkládaná diplomová práce pojednává o problematice syntetických hormonů a vnímání této problematiky lidmi. V teoretické části práce je představen fenomén endokrinní disrupce, jehož součástí jsou také syntetické hormony. Dále jsou představeny negativní dopady syntetických hormonů na lidské tělo a životní prostředí a také omezená schopnost současných čističek odpadních vod poradit si s těmito polutanty. Praktickou část tvoří dotazníkové šetření mezi respondenty z kateder Sociální a kulturní ekologie a Elektronické kultury a sémiotiky, které jsou součástí Fakulty humanitních studií Univerzity Karlovy. V rámci tohoto šetření je zjišťováno povědomí o této problematice, spotřebitelské chování a názory na pozornost věnovanou tomuto tématu v rámci České republiky a také na ideální řešení této problematiky. Klíčová slova: hormony, životní prostředí, endokrinní disrupce, vnímání lidíKatedra sociální a kulturní ekologieDepartment of Social and Cultural EcologyFakulta humanitních studiíFaculty of Humanitie