The Stock Market in the Driver's Seat! Implications for R&D and Marketing

The budgets for research and development (R&D) and marketing should be determined by managers to attain product market advantages. However, in response to investor expectations for short-term stock returns, managers may modify these budgets myopically to avoid unexpected short-term earnings shortfalls, at the cost of long-term profitability. We propose that the past behavior of firm stock returns and volatility may create investor expectations of short-term financial performance, which drives managers to modify either R&D or marketing budgets or both. In the context of high-technology firms, a Bayesian vector autoregression model, supported by content analysis, shows that few firms exhibit high levels of managerial myopia by simultaneously cutting both R&D and marketing budgets; instead, firms display moderate myopic reactions, in the form of unanticipated decreases in R&D budgets but increased budgets for marketing functions. The tendency to manage myopically in response to past stock returns and volatility increases as firm size or industry concentration decrease. This paper was accepted by Pradeep Chintagunta and Preyas Desai, special issue editors. This paper was accepted by Pradeep Chintagunta and Preyas Desai, special issue editors.finance, marketing, research and development

Enhanced electrodynamic gating in two-dimensional transistors using ferroelectric capping

Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as semiconductors and ferroelectrics are promising for future energy-efficient logic devices because of their extraordinary electronic properties at atomic thickness. In this work, we investigated a van der Waals heterostructure composited of 2D semiconducting MoS _2 and 2D ferroelectric CuInP _2 S _6 (CIPS) and NiPS _3 . Instead of using 2D ferroelectrics as conventional gate dielectric layers, here we applied CIPS and NiPS _3 as a ferroelectric capping layer, and investigated a long-distance coupling effect with the gate upon the sandwiched 2D MoS _2 channels. Our experimental results showed an outstanding enhancement of the electrodynamic gating in 2D MoS _2 transistors, represented by a significant reduction of subthreshold swing at room temperature. This was due to the coupling-induced polarization of 2D ferroelectrics at 2D semiconductor surface which led to an effective and dynamic magnification of the gate capacitance. Meanwhile, the electrostatic gating was remained steady after adding the ferroelectric capping layer, providing ease and compatibility for further implementation with existing circuit and system design. Our work demonstrates the long-distance coupling effect of 2D ferroelectrics in a capping architecture, reveals its impacts from both electrodynamic and electrostatic perspectives, and expands the potential of 2D ferroelectrics to further improve the performance of energy-efficient nanoelectronics

How To Voice

This chapter discusses various voicing options for Voicesumers in today’s digital platforms by using anecdotes and cases. The chapter conceptualized Direct and Indirect Consumer Voices by spring boarding traditional consumer complaint literature. Online consumer ratings and reviews as well as electronic WOM (e-Word-of-Mouth) are discussed as newly developing consumer voicing tools. The potential fraudulent use of consumer voice is also discussed. The importance of such voicing tools for consumer voice and market democracy is discussed from business and legal point of views