20 research outputs found

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    A História da Alimentação: balizas historiogråficas

    Full text link
    Os M. pretenderam traçar um quadro da HistĂłria da Alimentação, nĂŁo como um novo ramo epistemolĂłgico da disciplina, mas como um campo em desenvolvimento de prĂĄticas e atividades especializadas, incluindo pesquisa, formação, publicaçÔes, associaçÔes, encontros acadĂȘmicos, etc. Um breve relato das condiçÔes em que tal campo se assentou faz-se preceder de um panorama dos estudos de alimentação e temas correia tos, em geral, segundo cinco abardagens Ia biolĂłgica, a econĂŽmica, a social, a cultural e a filosĂłfica!, assim como da identificação das contribuiçÔes mais relevantes da Antropologia, Arqueologia, Sociologia e Geografia. A fim de comentar a multiforme e volumosa bibliografia histĂłrica, foi ela organizada segundo critĂ©rios morfolĂłgicos. A seguir, alguns tĂłpicos importantes mereceram tratamento Ă  parte: a fome, o alimento e o domĂ­nio religioso, as descobertas europĂ©ias e a difusĂŁo mundial de alimentos, gosto e gastronomia. O artigo se encerra com um rĂĄpido balanço crĂ­tico da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema

    PrevalĂȘncia de aspergilose broncopulmonar alĂ©rgica em pacientes com fibrose cĂ­stica na Bahia, Brasil / Prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cystic fibrosis in the state of Bahia, Brazil

    No full text
    Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2012-12-07T20:46:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carneiro, Ana ClaĂșdia Costa Prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary....pdf: 161142 bytes, checksum: 11ba6bdbe20e49ebe075b9148c76b2a9 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-07T20:46:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carneiro, Ana ClaĂșdia Costa Prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary....pdf: 161142 bytes, checksum: 11ba6bdbe20e49ebe075b9148c76b2a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008Secretaria de SaĂșde do Estado da Bahia. Hospital Especializado OctĂĄvio Mangabeira. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilSecretaria de SaĂșde do Estado da Bahia. Hospital Especializado OctĂĄvio Mangabeira. Salvador, BA, BrasilDeterminar a prevalĂȘncia de aspergilose broncopulmonar alĂ©rgica (ABPA) em pacientes com fibrose cĂ­stica acompanhados em um centro de referĂȘncia da Bahia. MĂ©todos: Estudo transversal, com coleta prospectiva de dados, realizado no Centro de ReferĂȘncia de Fibrose CĂ­stica da Bahia do Hospital Especializado Octavio Mangabeira. Foram incluĂ­dos no estudo 74 pacientes que tinham diagnĂłstico de fibrose cĂ­stica, com idade acima de 6 anos e tratados entre 9 de dezembro de 2003 e 7 de março de 2005. Foram analisadas as seguintes variĂĄveis: gĂȘnero, idade, capacidade vital forçada, volume expiratĂłrio forçado no primeiro segundo, resposta a prova farmacodinĂąmica, achados em radiografia torĂĄcica e de seios de face, presença de sibilĂąncia, culturas para Aspergillus spp., imunoglobulina E (IgE) total, IgE especĂ­fica para Aspergillus fumigatus e teste cutĂąneo de leitura imediata para aspergilina. Resultados: Dos 74 pacientes, 2 foram diagnosticados com ABPA. NĂ­veis de IgE total > 1.000 UI/mL foram observados em 17 pacientes (23%), teste cutĂąneo de leitura imediata para A. fumigatus positivos em 19 (25,7%) e sibilĂąncia em 60 (81,1%). ConclusĂ”es: A taxa de prevalĂȘncia de ABPA foi de 2,7%. As altas taxas de IgE total, de teste cutĂąneo imediato para A. fumigatus positivos e de sibilĂąncia sugerem que estes pacientes devam ser acompanhados cuidadosamente por haver a possibilidade do desenvolvimento de ABPA.To determine the prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in patients with cystic fibrosis treated at a referral center in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with prospective data collection, carried out at the Cystic Fibrosis Referral Center of Bahia of the OctĂĄvio Mangabeira Specialized Hospital. We evaluated 74 patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, older than six years of age, treated between December 9, 2003 and March 7, 2005. We analyzed the following variables: gender, age, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, pharmacodynamic response, chest X-ray findings, facial sinus X-ray findings, wheezing, cultures for Aspergillus spp., total immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE for Aspergillus fumigatus and immediate skin test reactivity to A. fumigatus antigen. Results: Of the 74 patients, 2 were diagnosed with ABPA. We found total IgE levels > 1,000 IU/mL in 17 (23%), positive immediate skin reactivity to A. fumigatus antigen in 19 (25.7%) and wheezing in 60 (81.1%). Conclusions: The prevalence of ABPA was 2.7%. The high levels of total IgE, high incidence of wheezing and high rate of immediate skin test reactivity to A. fumigatus antigen suggest that these patients should be carefully monitored due to their propensity to develop ABPA

    Low frequency of the ΔF508 mutation of the CFTR gene in a highly admixed population in Bahia, Brazil

    No full text
    Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-07-31T17:03:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa-Motta FMm Low frequency....pdf: 90234 bytes, checksum: 8ec1db3dcba5c31d8af29f4dac7eaa0d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-31T17:03:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa-Motta FMm Low frequency....pdf: 90234 bytes, checksum: 8ec1db3dcba5c31d8af29f4dac7eaa0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007Escola Bahiana de Medicina e SaĂșde PĂșblica. Fundação Bahiana para o Desenvolvimento das CiĂȘncias. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. LaboratĂłrio Avançado de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Salvador, BA, BrasilCentro de ReferĂȘncia de Fibrose CĂ­stica da Bahia. Hospital OctĂĄvio Mangabeira. Salvador, BA, BrasilCentro de ReferĂȘncia de Fibrose CĂ­stica da Bahia. Hospital OctĂĄvio Mangabeira. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e SaĂșde PĂșblica. Fundação Bahiana para o Desenvolvimento das CiĂȘncias. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. LaboratĂłrio Avançado de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. LaboratĂłrio Avançado de SaĂșde PĂșblica. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Pediatria. Salvador, BA, BrasilCystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease in the European (Caucasian) population, with an incidence of 1:2,000 to 1:8,000. The F508 mutation (66%) is predominant among more than 1,300 different mutations of the CFTR gene. The population of the state of Bahia, in northeastern Brazil, is highly admixed (mainly African and Portuguese descendants), and so far, no study has been carried out to assess the molecular basis of CF in this population.We determined the F508 mutation frequency in 503 individuals from the general population of Salvador, the capital of the state of Bahia, and in 144 CF patients from several cities in Bahia. In the general population samples we found 4 individuals heterozygous for the F508 mutation (allele frequency of 0.4%). This frequency was lower than that found in the state of Rio de Janeiro, in southeastern Brazil, and similar to that reported for the state of ParanĂĄ, in the far south. In the CF patients we found 9 heterozygous individuals and 8 homozygous individuals (allele frequency of 8.68%) for the F508 mutation. This frequency is considerably lower than the average frequency of CF in the world population and in the Brazilian CF population of European ancestry (47%). These data could be explained by the intense admixture among the population in Bahia, and they suggest a heterogeneous molecular basis for CF in this area of Brazil

    Triagem otoneurológica em operårios da construção civil que executam trabalho em altura

    No full text
    RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a prevalĂȘncia de sinais e sintomas otoneurolĂłgicos em operĂĄrios da construção civil do campus saĂșde da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) que trabalham expostos Ă  altura. MĂ©todos: estudo observacional transversal constituĂ­do por 33 trabalhadores da construção civil. Foi utilizado o Protocolo OfĂ­cio de GestĂŁo de DiagnĂłstico OtoneurolĂłgico composto por anamnese, provas vestibulares realizadas por meio de Dix-Hallpike e nistagmo de posição, avaliação da dinĂąmica vestibular utilizando a prova de Head Shaking, provas de equilĂ­brio estĂĄtico, dinĂąmico, cerebelares, investigação complementar dos pares cranianos, conclusĂŁo/conduta e orientação. Os dados foram lançados em planilha do programa SPSS versĂŁo 13.0, sendo consideradas significantes as diferenças que apresentaram nĂ­vel de significĂąncia de atĂ© 5%. Resultados: todos os participantes eram do gĂȘnero masculino. A mĂ©dia de idade foi de 38,1 anos, variando de 21 a 65 anos. Um terço dos participantes apresentaram alteração na triagem devido a queixa de equilĂ­brio e/ou zumbido. Por meio do teste Qui-Quadrado foi possĂ­vel observar diferença estatisticamente significante entre o grupo com queixa de equilĂ­brio para as variĂĄveis de distĂșrbios circulatĂłrios, cefaleia e uso de medicamentos, sendo que este Ășltimo estatisticamente significante tambĂ©m no grupo com queixa de zumbido. ConclusĂŁo: um terço dos trabalhadores da construção civil que executam trabalho em altura apresentou triagem otoneurolĂłgica sugestiva de alteração
    corecore