INTERVENCION NUTRICIONAL A PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDAD DE PARKINSON

Introducción: Los pacientes con Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) llegan a tener carencia nutrimental debida a incremento en el gasto energético, temblor y rigidez,  disminución de ingesta alimentaria, falta de apetito, náuseas/vómito, problemas de deglución, sensación de saciedad temprana, aporte calórico inadecuado de nutrientes en la dieta, constipación y estreñimiento. Objetivo: Realizar una intervención nutricional para monitorear el estado nutricional con el uso de complementos nutricionales,  dieta polimérica, fibra soluble e insoluble, antioxidantes y espesantes a pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal,  se realizó de Junio 2016 a Junio 2017 a una muestra de 54 pacientes con EP que estuvieron todo el estudio y  acudían  a la consulta de neurología del Hospital General Dr. Miguel Silva, SSM, se les proporcionó dieta polimérica, fibra soluble e insoluble, antioxidantes y espesantes  así como orientación alimentaria en su dieta habitual.  El monitoreo se llevó a cabo con Evaluación Nutricional: Antropométricos, Bioquímicos, Clínicos y Dietéticos. Resultados: Se valoró nutricionalmente a 38 pacientes hombres y  16 mujeres  de entre  30-85 años con EP., la disfagia fue la que mejor respuesta tuvo al tratamiento nutricio con 45 puntos porcentuales menos al final respecto al inicial, le sigue el estreñimiento con 31.5 puntos porcentuales, el 74.3% de los pacientes mantuvieron sus valores de CMB al final respecto al inicial, el resto de ellos aumentaron sus valores. Conclusiones: Se observó  incremento en el peso en masa muscular así como mejor funcionamiento gastrointestinal, mejor estado nutricional,   tendencia a mejor calidad de vida.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have nutritional deficiency due to increased energy expenditure, tremor and stiffness, decreased food intake, poor appetite, nausea / vomiting, swallowing problems, early satiety, caloric intake inadequate nutrients in the diet, constipation and constipation. Objectives: To perform a nutritional intervention to monitor nutritional status with the use of nutritional supplements, polymeric diet, soluble and insoluble fiber, antioxidants and thickeners to patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted from June 2016 to June 2017 in a sample of 54 patients with PD who were in the study and attended the neurology clinic of the General Hospital Dr. Miguel Silva, SSM. They were given a polymeric diet, fiber Soluble and insoluble, antioxidants and thickeners as well as dietary guidance in their usual diet. The monitoring was carried out with Nutritional Assessment: Anthropometric, Biochemical, Clinical and Dietetic. Results: A total of 38 male and 16 female patients aged 30-85 years with PD were nutritionally evaluated. Dysphagia was the one with the highest nutritional response, 45 percentage points lower than the initial one, followed by constipation with 31.5 Percentage points, 74.3% of the patients maintained their CMB values at the end of the initial one, and the rest of them increased their values. Conclusions: It was observed an increase in muscle mass as well as better gastrointestinal function, better nutritional status, and tendency to better quality of life. Values.Palabras Clave: Intervención nutricional, Parkinson, Nutritional intervention, Parkinso

Computational flow cytometry reveals that cryopreservation induces spermptosis but subpopulations of spermatozoa may experience capacitation-like changes

[EN] The reduced lifespan of cryopreserved spermatozoa in the mare reproductive tract has been attributed to both capacitative and apoptotic changes. However, there is a lack of studies investigating both phenomena simultaneously. In order to improve our knowledge in this particular point, we studied in raw and frozen-thawed samples apoptotic and capacitative markers using a wide battery of test based in flow cytometry. Apoptotic markers evaluated were caspase 3 activity, externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS), and mitochondrial membrane potential. Markers of changes resembling capacitation were membrane fluidity, tyrosine phosphorylation, and intracellular sodium. Conventional and computational flow cytometry using nonlinear dimensionally reduction techniques (t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE)) and automatic classification of cellular expression by nonlinear stochastic embedding (ACCENSE) were used. Most of the changes induced by cryopreservation were apoptotic, with increase in caspase 3 activation (P < 0.01), PS translocation to the outer membrane (P < 0.001), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.05), and increase in intracellular Na+ (P < 0.01). Average values of markers of capacitative changes were not affected by cryopreservation; however, the analysis of the phenotype of individual spermatozoa using computational flow cytometry revealed the presence of subpopulations of spermatozoa experiencing capacitative changes. For the first time advanced computational techniques were applied to the analysis of spermatozoa, and these techniques were able to disclose relevant information of the ejaculate that remained hidden using conventional flow cytometry.SIThe authors received financial support for this study from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-FEDER, Madrid, Spain, grant AGL2013-43211-R, Junta de Extremadura-FEDER (GR 15029). PMM is supported by a pre-doctoral grant from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Madrid Spain FPU13/03991. COF is supported by a post-doctoral grant from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad “Juan de la Cierva” IJCI-2014-21671

SISTEMA DE RECONOCIMIENTO DE VOZ BASADO EN UN MÉTODO DE APRENDIZAJE SUPERVISADO Y LA CORRELACIÓN DE PEARSON (K-NN ALGORITHM AND PEARSON CORRELATION-BASED A VOICE RECOGNITION SYSTEM)

Resumen El reconocimiento automático de voz es una disciplina de la inteligencia artificial, que tiene como objetivo permitir la comunicación hablada entre seres humanos y computadoras. Este artículo propone un sistema de reconocimiento de voz, basado en la extracción de características distintivas de la voz y el método de aprendizaje supervisado, denominado algoritmo k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbors), que requiere del entrenamiento del sistema. Así como se plantea calcular automáticamente por medio de la correlación de Pearson, para que el sistema de reconocimiento de voz sea más del algoritmo k-NN. Finalmente, se evalúa el sistema con voces de personajes conocidos para centrarse en la eficiencia del sistema. Palabras Clave: Algoritmo K-vecinos más cercanos, correlación de Pearson, entrenamiento, extracción de características, sistema de reconocimiento de voz. Abstract Automatic speech recognition or automatic voice recognition is a discipline of artificial intelligence, which aims to allow spoken communication between humans and computers. This paper proposes a speech recognition system, based on the extraction of distinctive characteristics of the voice, and the k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbors) algorithm, which requires training of the system. As well as, it, presents the calculation of through Pearson's correlation, in this way k will not be fixed, and the speech recognition will be most efficient. Finally, the system is evaluated; by using known characters for it focuses on the efficiency of such system. Keywords: Feature extraction, k-Nearest neighbors Pearson correlation, training, voice recognition system

Evaluation in a Cytokine Storm Model in Vivo of the Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Administration of PRS CK STORM (Standardized Conditioned Medium Obtained by Coculture of Monocytes and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells)

Our research group has been developing a series of biological drugs produced by cocul-ture techniques with M2-polarized macrophages with different primary tissue cells and/or mesen-chymal stromal cells (MSC), generally from fat, to produce anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic ef-fects, avoiding the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by the innate immune system at a given time. One of these products is the drug PRS CK STORM, a medium conditioned by allogenic M2-polarized macrophages, from coculture, with those macrophages M2 with MSC from fat, whose composition, in vitro safety, and efficacy we studied. In the present work, we publish the results obtained in terms of safety (pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics) and efficacy of the intravenous application of this biological drug in a murine model of cytokine storm associated with severe infectious processes, including those associated with COVID-19. The results demonstrate the safety and high efficacy of PRS CK STORM as an intravenous drug to prevent and treat the cytokine storm associated with infectious processes, including COVID-19

Cytokine profile and anti-inflammatory activity of a standardized conditioned medium obtained by coculture of monocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (PRS CK STORM)

Intercellular communication between monocytes/macrophages and cells involved in tissue regeneration, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and primary tissue cells, is essential for tissue regeneration and recovery of homeostasis. Typically, in the final phase of the inflammation-resolving process, this intercellular communication drives an anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory response. To obtain a safe and effective treatment to counteract the cytokine storm associated with a disproportionate immune response to severe infections, including that associated with COVID-19, by means of naturally balanced immunomodulation, our group has standardized the production under GMP-like conditions of a secretome by coculture of macrophages and MSCs. To characterize this proteome, we determined the expression of molecules related to cellular immune response and tissue regeneration, as well as its possible toxicity and anti-inflammatory potency. The results show a specific molecular pattern of interaction between the two cell types studied, with an anti-inflammatory and regenerative profile. In addition, the secretome is not toxic by itself on human PBMC or on THP-1 monocytes and prevents lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced growth effects on those cell types. Finally, PRS CK STORM prevents LPS-induced TNF-A and IL-1B secretion from PBMC and from THP-1 cells at the same level as hydrocortisone, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory potency. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Kawasaki Disease in Children from Latin America: A Multicenter Observational Study from the REKAMLATINA Network

Objetivos: Describir la presentación clínica, el manejo y los resultados de la enfermedad de Kawasaki (EK) en Latinoamérica y evaluar los indicadores pronósticos tempranos de aneurisma de la arteria coronaria (AAC). Diseño del estudio: Se realizó un estudio observacional basado en el registro de la EK en 64 centros pediátricos participantes de 19 países latinoamericanos de forma retrospectiva entre el 1 de enero de 2009 y el 31 de diciembre de 2013, y de forma prospectiva desde el 1 de junio de 2014 hasta el 31 de mayo de 2017. Se recopilaron datos demográficos, clínicos y de laboratorio iniciales. Se utilizó una regresión logística que incorporaba factores clínicos y la puntuación z máxima de la arteria coronaria en la presentación inicial (entre 10 días antes y 5 días después de la inmunoglobulina intravenosa [IGIV]) para desarrollar un modelo pronóstico de AAC durante el seguimiento (>5 días después de la IGIV). Resultados: De 1853 pacientes con EK, el ingreso tardío (>10 días tras el inicio de la fiebre) se produjo en el 16%, el 25% tuvo EK incompleta y el 11% fue resistente a la IGIV. Entre los 671 sujetos con puntuación z de la arteria coronaria notificada durante el seguimiento (mediana: 79 días; IQR: 36, 186), el 21% presentaba AAC, incluido un 4% con aneurismas gigantes. Un modelo pronóstico simple que utilizaba sólo una puntuación z de la arteria coronaria máxima ≥2,5 en la presentación inicial fue óptimo para predecir la AAC durante el seguimiento (área bajo la curva: 0,84; IC del 95%: 0,80, 0,88). Conclusiones: De nuestra población latinoamericana, la puntuación z de la arteria coronaria ≥2,5 en la presentación inicial fue el factor pronóstico más importante que precedió a la AAC durante el seguimiento. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de la ecocardiografía temprana durante la presentación inicial de la EK. © 2023 Los autoresObjectives: To describe the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Latin America and to evaluate early prognostic indicators of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA). Study design: An observational KD registry-based study was conducted in 64 participating pediatric centers across 19 Latin American countries retrospectively between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013, and prospectively from June 1, 2014, to May 31, 2017. Demographic and initial clinical and laboratory data were collected. Logistic regression incorporating clinical factors and maximum coronary artery z-score at initial presentation (between 10 days before and 5 days after intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG]) was used to develop a prognostic model for CAA during follow-up (>5 days after IVIG). Results: Of 1853 patients with KD, delayed admission (>10 days after fever onset) occurred in 16%, 25% had incomplete KD, and 11% were resistant to IVIG. Among 671 subjects with reported coronary artery z-score during follow-up (median: 79 days; IQR: 36, 186), 21% had CAA, including 4% with giant aneurysms. A simple prognostic model utilizing only a maximum coronary artery z-score ≥2.5 at initial presentation was optimal to predict CAA during follow-up (area under the curve: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.88). Conclusion: From our Latin American population, coronary artery z-score ≥2.5 at initial presentation was the most important prognostic factor preceding CAA during follow-up. These results highlight the importance of early echocardiography during the initial presentation of KD. © 2023 The Author(s

Variabilidad de la cerámica pintada/engobada El Vergel en el sector septentrional de la Araucanía

ArqueólogaEn esta memoria se pretende evaluar la variabilidad de la cerámica decorada entre distintos sitios del período Alfarero Tardío adscribibles al Complejo Cultural El Vergel, para conocer cómo se distribuyen a escala regional ciertos modos de hacer. La unidad de análisis corresponde a los fragmentos pintados/engobados de cinco sitios domésticos del sector septentrional de La Araucanía, estudiando los grupos decorativos, las formas y las materias primas utilizadas en su confección (pastas, pinturas y engobes). El enfoque teórico en el cual se sustenta esta memoria es la antropología de la tecnología, la cual permite problematizar el objeto de estudio entendiéndolo como un producto social dinámico y complejo. En el análisis se infirieron categorías de vasija, se caracterizaron las pastas de los fragmentos, y las pinturas y engobes se analizaron mediante LA-ICP-MS, dando cuenta de las “recetas” utilizadas. A partir de lo expuesto, se pudo concluir que las vasijas pintadas/engobadas, si bien se confeccionan a una escala local, poseen ciertas pautas que buscan una forma y apariencia común. Además, en su producción se identifican “recetas” en engobes y pinturas que son compartidas y que pueden corresponder a una circulación de conocimientos, materias primas y/o vasijas, reflejando parte de las relaciones que se desarrollaron entre los distintos grupos de alfarero

Myeloperoxidase Is Associated with Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Overweight Subjects with First-Degree Relatives with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

BackgroundFamily history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of risk factors for that in future a subject can develop diabetes. Insulin resistance (IR) is important in the pathogenesis of T2DM. There is evidence that oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology and/or progression of diabetes. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) participates in developing of inflammation. The objective was to investigate if MPO is associated with IR and inflammation in individuals with first-degree relatives of T2DM.MethodsCross-sectional study in 84 overweight individuals with family history of T2DM divided in two groups according to IR, group with IR (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA] ≥2.5; n=43) and control group (CG; HOMA <2.5; n=41). Complete clinical history and a venous blood sample were collected for measuring glucose and lipids profile, insulin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), MPO, glutathione reductase (GRd), glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase.ResultsMPO, TNF-α, and IL-6 were higher in patients with IR than in CG (MPO: 308.35 [190.85 to 445.42] vs. 177.35 [104.50 to 279.85], P=0.0001; TNF-α: 13.46 [10.58 to 18.88] vs. 9.39 [7.53 to 11.25], P=0.0001; IL-6: 32.93 [24.93 to 38.27] vs. 15.60 [12.93 to 26.27]; P=0.0001, respectively). MPO was associated with IR (rho de Spearman=0.362, P=0.001). In the analysis of lineal regression, MPO predicts IR (β, 0.263; t, 2.520; P=0.014). In the univariate analysis, MPO had an odds ratio of 9.880 for risk of IR (95% confidence interval, 2.647 to 36.879).ConclusionMPO had relation with IR and inflammation parameters in overweight subjects with first-degree relatives of T2DM. We need studies on a casual relationship and molecular mechanisms among the increased serum MPO levels, inflammation markers, and IR

Parámetros antropométricos como predictores de resistencia a la insulina en adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad

ResumenObjetivoEvaluar cuál(es) de los parámetros antropométricos que estiman sobrepeso y obesidad son los mejores predictores de la resistencia a la insulina (RI) en la población adulta de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar N.o 80 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Morelia, Michoacán, México.DiseñoEstudio transversal descriptivo.EmplazamientoUnidad de Medicina Familiar N.o 80, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Morelia, Michoacán, México.ParticipantesMuestra aleatorizada simple de 147 pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad.Mediciones principalesEdad y sexo. Antropométricas: peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia abdominal y del brazo, porcentaje de grasa corporal; plicometría: pliegues subcutáneos bicipital, tricipital, subescapular y abdominal; analíticas: glucosa, perfil de lípidos, insulina; clínicas: presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, RI con un valor de HOMA≥2,5.ResultadosEl 41,49% de los pacientes en estudio reunieron criterio para la RI. Se realizaron las received operating curves donde el pliegue bicipital≥4,50mm y la circunferencia del brazo≥27,50 cm predicen en un 97,4% la RI, y el IMC≥25kg/m2 en un 92,3% predice la RI; por regresión lineal éstos parámetros resultaron ser los mejores predictores de la RI.ConclusionesCon un punto de corte de HOMA≥2,5 se identificó al 41,49% de la población en estudio con RI. El IMC, el pliegue bicipital y la circunferencia del brazo son buenos predictores de la RI. Se requerirá realizar estudios específicos para determinar el punto de corte óptimo de las diferentes medidas para estimar sobrepeso y obesidad en cada sector de la población de México.AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate which of the anthropometric parameters that estimate overweight and obesity are the best predictors of insulin resistance (IR) in adults from Family Medicine Unit N° 80 of IMSS in Morelia, Michoacán, México.DesignDescriptive cross-sectional study.SettingFamily Medicine Unit N 80 of Mexican Social Security Institute in Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.ParticipantsA random sample of 147 adults with overweight or obesity.Main measurementsAge and sex. Anthropometrics: weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and mid arm circumference, % corporal fat; Skin folds thickness: bicipital, tricipital, subscapularis, abdominal skin folds; analyses: glucose, lipid profile, insulin; clinical: diastolic and systolic pressure, cardiovascular risk and insulin resistance by HOMA ≥2.5.ResultsIR was found in 41.49% of patients. ROC curves were made and the cut off point of bicipital skin fold ≥4.50mm, mid arm ≥27.50 cm were predictors of IR in 97.4%; BMI ≥25kg/m2 was a predictor of IR in 92.3%, and by linear regression these parameters were the better predictors of IR.ConclusionsA total of 41.49% of patients were identified with IR (HOMA ≥2.5). BMI, bicipital skins fold and mid arm were the better predictors of IR. Specific studies are needed to determine the optimum cut off point of different parameters for estimating overweight and obesity in each sector in México