Consequences of Lockdown During COVID-19 Pandemic in Lifestyle and Emotional State of Children in Argentina

The implications of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown measurements and social isolation in children and their parents are still unknown. The aims of this study were to examine the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on emotional state, feelings and lifestyle of children and their parents, to explore the association between parental characteristics and child well-being and to examine whether the impact of lockdown depends on socio-economic status. Parents completed an online survey including data about socio-demographic information, parent and child feelings and lifestyle during lockdown. Logistic regression and correlation analysis were used to establish associations between variables. In total, 814 parents with children between 4 and 11 were included in the study. According to parents, 69.5% of the children showed changes in their emotional state, 55.3% altered their routine and 62.6% showed sleep disorders. Families with lower socio-economic status were more worried about health, shortage of food and household income (p < 0.01). Parent and children concern about food/essential items were highly associated [OR (CI 95%) 13.0 (6.81, 26.5), p < 0.01]. Adverse children's emotional state was associated with parental feeling of loneliness (r = 0.35) and inversely associated with keeping a routine (r = -0.11). Sleep changes were inversely associated with keeping a routine and having a balcony/garden (r = -0.53 and -0.16). We conclude that lockdown affected emotional state and lifestyle of children and parents, which were strongly related. Routine and positive parental attitude supported children's well-being. Economic issues were an important concern in families with lower socio-economic status. Our findings can help to promote child health during lockdown.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Plasma levels of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 in children with obesity: Correlation with age and insulin resistance

Objective: The octanoylated peptide hormone ghrelin regulates appetite and glycaemic control. Des-acyl ghrelin abolishes some effects of ghrelin, but does not bind to ghrelin receptor. LEAP2 is a novel ligand for ghrelin receptor that blocks the effects of ghrelin. Some evidences show that plasma levels of these peptides are altered adults with obesity, but their levels in childhood obesity remain poorly studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess fasting plasma levels of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 in children with normoweight, overweight/obesity and their association with different anthropometric and metabolic variables. Design: A total of 42 females and 40 males, ages 3-12 years-old were enrolled as a cross-sectional cohort. Results: Plasma levels of des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 (but not ghrelin) were lower and ghrelin/des-acyl ghrelin ratio was higher in children with overweight/obesity. Des-acyl ghrelin negatively correlated with age, BMI z-score, insulin and HOMA index, and the correlations were stronger in children with overweight/obesity. LEAP2 levels negatively correlated with BMI z-score. No gender differences were found. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that ghrelin tone is increased in childhood obesity, due to a decrease on plasma levels of des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2, and that des-acyl ghrelin is associated to insulin resistance, particularly in children with overweight/obesity.Fil: Fittipaldi, Antonela Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Hernandez, Julieta. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata. Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas; ArgentinaFil: Castrogiovanni, Daniel Cayetano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Lufrano, Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: de Francesco, Pablo Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Garrido, Verónica. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata. Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas; ArgentinaFil: Vitaux, Patrick. Bertin Technologies; FranciaFil: Fasano, María Victoria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Matemáticas; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata. Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas; ArgentinaFil: Fehrentz, Jean Alain. Bertin Technologies; Francia. Université Montpellier II; FranciaFil: Fernández, Adriana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata. Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas; ArgentinaFil: Andreoli, María F.. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata. Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Perello, Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; Argentin

Inter-individual Variability for High Fat Diet Consumption in Inbred C57BL/6 Mice

Since inbred C57BL/6 mice are known to show inter-individual phenotypic variability for some traits, we tested the hypothesis that inbred C57BL/6 mice display a different tendency to consume a high fat (HF) diet. For this purpose, we used a compilation of HF intake data from an experimental protocol in which satiated mice were exposed to a HF pellet every morning for 2-h over 4 consecutive days. We found that mice displayed a large degree of variability in HF intake. Since day 1 HF intake significantly correlated with HF intake in successive days, we applied a hierarchical clustering algorithm on HF intake measurements in days 2, 3, and 4 in order to classify mice into “low” or “high” HF intake groups. “Low” HF intake group showed a day 1 HF intake similar to that seen in mice exposed to regular chow, while “high” HF intake group showed a higher day 1 HF intake as compared to “low” HF intake group. Both groups of mice increased HF consumption over the successive days, but “high” HF intake group always displayed a higher HF consumption than the “low” HF intake group. As compared to “low” HF intake group, “high” HF intake group showed a higher number of dopamine neurons positive for c-Fos in the VTA after the last event of HF intake. Thus, inbred C57BL/6 mice show inter-individual variability for HF intake and such feature may be linked to a different response to the rewarding properties of the HF diet

Shiga Toxin 1 Induces on Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Astrocytes the Release of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha that Alter Brain-Like Endothelium Integrity

The hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal dysfunction. The typical form of HUS is generally associated with infections by Gram-negative Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Endothelial dysfunction induced by Stx is central, but bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and neutrophils (PMN) contribute to the pathophysiology. Although renal failure is characteristic of this syndrome, neurological complications occur in severe cases and is usually associated with death. Impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) is associated with damage to cerebral endothelial cells (ECs) that comprise the BBB. Astrocytes (ASTs) are inflammatory cells in the brain and determine the BBB function. ASTs are in close proximity to ECs, hence the study of the effects of Stx1 and LPS on ASTs, and the influence of their response on ECs is essential. We have previously demonstrated that Stx1 and LPS induced activation of rat ASTs and the release of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, nitric oxide and chemokines. Here, we demonstrate that rat ASTs-derived factors alter permeability of ECs with brain properties (HUVECd); suggesting that functional properties of BBB could also be affected. Additionally, these factors activate HUVECd and render them into a proagregant state promoting PMN and platelets adhesion. Moreover, these effects were dependent on ASTs secreted-TNF-α. Stx1 and LPS-induced ASTs response could influence brain ECs integrity and BBB function once Stx and factors associated to the STEC infection reach the brain parenchyma and therefore contribute to the development of the neuropathology observed in HUS

Proceedings of the 13th annual conference of INEBRIA

CITATION: Watson, R., et al. 2016. Proceedings of the 13th annual conference of INEBRIA. Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 11:13, doi:10.1186/s13722-016-0062-9.The original publication is available at https://ascpjournal.biomedcentral.comENGLISH SUMMARY : Meeting abstracts.https://ascpjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13722-016-0062-9Publisher's versio

Plasma levels of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 in children with obesity: correlation with age and insulin resistance

Objective: The octanoylated peptide hormone ghrelin regulates appetite and glycaemic control. Des-acyl ghrelin abolishes some effects of ghrelin, but does not bind to ghrelin receptor. LEAP2 is a novel ligand for ghrelin receptor that blocks the effects of ghrelin. Some evidences show that plasma levels of these peptides are altered in adults with obesity, but their levels in childhood obesity remain poorly studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess fasting plasma levels of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 in children with normoweight, overweight/obesity and their association with different anthropometric and metabolic variables. Design: A total of 42 females and 40 males, ages 3–12 years old were enrolled as a cross-sectional cohort. Results: Plasma levels of des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2 (but not ghrelin) were lower and ghrelin/des-acyl ghrelin ratio was higher in children with overweight/obesity. Des-acyl ghrelin negatively correlated with age, BMI z-score, insulin and HOMA index, and the correlations were stronger in children with overweight/obesity. LEAP2 levels negatively correlated with BMI z-score. No gender differences were found. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that ghrelin tone is increased in childhood obesity, due to a decrease on plasma levels of des-acyl ghrelin and LEAP2, and that des-acyl ghrelin is associated to insulin resistance, particularly in children with overweight/obesity.Facultad de Ciencias MédicasInstituto Multidisciplinario de Biología CelularFacultad de Ciencias Exacta

Anales de Edafología y Agrobiología Tomo 40 Número 9-10

Influencia del secado y pretratamientos térmicos del suelos sobre la actividad ureásica y otros parámetros biológicos relacionados, por S. González Carcedo, M.A. Fuente Marcos y M. Pérez Mateos.-- Influencia de diversos factores edáficos en la distribución del género Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) en la región central, por A. Navas y María Arias.-- Estudio edafológico del sector Montiel-Villanueva de la Fuente (Ciudad Real), por F. Santos Francés y E. Barahona Fernández.-- Consideraciones generales sobre la génesis de los suelos del sector Montiel-AlcarazBienservida (Ciudad Real-Albacete), por E. Barahona Fernández y F. Santos Francés.-- Estudio edafológico del sector Villahermosa-Cañamares (Ciudad Real), por F. Santos Francés y E. Barahonda Fernández.-- La determinación de compuestos orgánicos en Acículas de abetos y pinos, por I. Aguinagalde y R. Hünser.-- Estudio genético de un Palexeralf cálcico-mollico desarrollado sobre un glacis, próximo a Albaladejo (Ciudad Real), por F. Santos, E. Barahona, C. Dorronsoro y J. Aguilar.-- Estudio crítico de las definiciones dadas en el "Soil taxonomy ( 1975) de Haploxeralf y Palexeralf (Alfisoles), por E. Barahona Fernández y F. Santos Francés.-- Estudio genético de un Xerochrept calcixerolico tapto-alfico, situado cerca de Villahermosa (Ciudad Real), por F. Santos, E. Barahona, C. Dorronsoro y J. Aguilar.-- Transformaciones de la organización durante la alteración y edafogénesis de rocas graníticas de Galicia, por R. Calvo de Anta y F. Macias Vázquez.-- Estudio edafológico de la Sierra del Relumbrar (Albacete), por F. Santos Francés y E. Barahona Fernández.-- Suelos desarrollados sobre la brecha basal del triásico y sobre diferentes glacis, en el sector Montiel-Alcaraz-Bienservida (Ciudad Real-Albacete), por E. Barahona Fernández y F. Santos Francés.-- Contribución al estudio de la Microflora y Nematofauna de los cultivos de cítricos en la región de Murcia, por J.Ma. Abrisqueta, A. Ortuño, A. Hernansáez y J. Gómez.-- Suelos de Bardenas (Navarra). I. Mollisoles, por J. lñiguez Herrero, R. Ma. Val Legaz, A.Ma. Moreno Ilunldain y A. Romeo Martínez de Lecea.-- Evolución de los minerales primarios de las rocas granticas de Galicia. Aplicación de las técnicas de microscopia electrónica (Sem) y análisis con microsonda, por F. Guitian Rivera y R. Calvo de Anta.-- Suelos de la zona húmeda española. XI-Contribución al estudio de los suelos hidromorfas de Galicia. l. Suelos Costeros, por M.C. Leiros de la Peña y F. Guitian Ojea.-- Modificación en la porosidad de un suelo por la adicción de un compost de basura Urbana, por E. Ortega, R. Nogales y M. Delgado.-- Fertilidad de Suelos. Micronutrientes en suelos agrícolas (Capa arable) de Cartama (Málaga. l. Boro, Cobre y Molibdeno, por S. Bruque, M. Martínez Lara y J. Maza.-- Micronutrientes en suelos agrícolas (Capa arable) de Cartama (Málaga). II. Hierro, Manganeso y Cinc, por S. Bruque, L. Moreno y M.C. Ortega.-- Extracción de residuos de plaguicidas organofosforados: Diazinon, Dimetoato, Etióri, Malatión, Metilparatión y Paratión, de muestras de agua mediante absorción sobre resina amberlita X ad-2, por J.J. Garrido Segovia y M. Monteoliva Hernández.-- Determinación cualitativa y cuantitativa de residuos de Diazinon, Dimetoato, Etión Malatión Metil paratión y Paratión, en extractos de suelos por cromatografía en capa fina, y comprobación de los resultados mediante cromatografía de gases, por J.J. Garrido Segovia y M. Monteoliva Hernández.-- Interacción salinidad-fertiiización nitrogenada en el cultivo de pimiento, (Capsicum Anuum) por F.C. Fernández, M. Caro y A. Cerda. Influencia del peso del buibillo y desidad de plantación sobre el rendimiento y calidad del ajo colorado (Allium sativum L.), por J.C. Lucero, C. Andreoli, M. Reyzabal y V. Larregui.-- Propiedades de la pirofosfatasa inorgánica del suelo, por M. Tena, J.A. Pinilla y R. Prado.-- Vitameros B6 en semillas de Pinus Pinea germinantes, por C. Arce de Obieta y M. Sanz Muñoz.-- Fracciones proteicas en semillas de Pinus Pinea germinantes, por C. Arce de Obieta y M. Sanz Muñoz.-- NotasPeer reviewe