Self-esteem and anxiety of the teenagers

M.ª Ángeles Hernández Prados. Universidad de MurciaLorena Belmonte García.Universidad de MurciaM.ª de las Mercedes Martínez Andreo. Universidad de MurciaRecepción: 20.07.2018 | Aceptado: 15.09.2018Correspondencia a través de ORCID: M.ª Ángeles Hernández - 0000-0002-3617-2015XLa adolescencia entendida como la etapa de transición a la vida adulta, se caracteriza por el cambio, especialmente emocional que pueden derivar en problemas de autoestima y respuestas de ansiedad desadaptativas ante determinadas situaciones. Los estudios previos desvelan efectos en el rendimiento educativo y en la convivencia, siendo esencial el papel de la escuela y la familia para la adquisición de estrategias preventivas. Metodo: Con la finalidad de valorar cual es el nivel de autoestima de los estudiantes a través del RSE (autoestima de Rosenberg) y analizar cómo éste influye en el nivel de ansiedad que se determinó mediante el STAI (State Trait Anxiety Inventory), se llevó a cabo en el curso académico 2015-2016 una investigación de tipo descriptivo-correlacional, en la que participaron 97 alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Resultados: El análisis estadístico refiere que la mayor parte de la muestra (98,9%), manifiesta niveles medios y altos de autoestima. Con respecto a la ansiedad estado y rasgo, los valores se sitúan en gran medida en un nivel medio, (55,7%) y (60,8%), respectivamente. Conclusiones: La relación entre autoestima y ansiedad, es negativa y estadísticamente significativa, observando que a una mayor autoestima los estudiantes presentan menor ansiedad estado y rasgo.Abstract: Background:The adolescence as the stage of transition to the adulthood is characterized by the change. Those, go through a big range of emotional states, which can bring with them the development of self-esteem problems and answers poorly adapted to particular situations. These concepts, especially that of self-esteem, are characterized by their ambiguity. There isn’t consensus in the definition. But, this doesn`t exempt the educational contexts from working on them, because there are many benefits for students: happiness and mental health, greater leadership, relaxation and self-control, school performance, better social relationships and communicate more fluently. Previous studies reveal effects on educational performance and coexistence. The educational context is alongside the family context, a reference in the training and acquisition of strategies for those problematic situations which at the same time can affect the academic performance. Method:With the aim of valuing the level of self-esteem of the students through of RSE (Rosenberg´s self-esteem) and analyzing the influence of this in the level of anxiety that it was determined through STAI (State Trait Anxiety Inventory), conducted a descriptivecorrelational research in the academic year 2015-2016, in which 97 students of Compulsory Secondary Education participated. Results: The statistical analysis refers that the major part of the sample (98,9%), manifest high and medium levels of self-esteem. However, there are no differences according to gender and age. Regarding the state and feature anxiety, the values tend to be in a medium level, (55, 7%) and (60,8%), respectively. Conclusions:The relation/link between self-esteem and anxiety is negative and statistically meaningful, observing that the higher the self-esteem, the lower state and feature anxiety shown by the students.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Psicología Social. Proyecto de Innovación Docente ReiDoCre

Autoestima y ansiedad en los adolescentes

La adolescencia entendida como la etapa de transición a la vida adulta, se caracteriza por el cambio, especialmente emocional que pueden derivar en problemas de autoestima y respuestas de ansiedad desadaptativas ante determinadas situaciones. Los estudios previos desvelan efectos en el rendimiento educativo y en la convivencia, siendo esencial el papel de la escuela y la familia para la adquisición de estrategias preventivas. Metodo: Con la finalidad de valorar cual es el nivel de autoestima de los estudiantes a través del RSE (autoestima de Rosenberg) y analizar cómo éste influye en el nivel de ansiedad que se determinó mediante el STAI (State Trait Anxiety Inventory), se llevó a cabo en el curso académico 2015-2016 una investigación de tipo descriptivo-correlacional, en la que participaron 97 alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Resultados: El análisis estadístico refiere que la mayor parte de la muestra (98,9%), manifiesta niveles medios y altos de autoestima. Con respecto a la ansiedad estado y rasgo, los valores se sitúan en gran medida en un nivel medio, (55,7%) y (60,8%), respectivamente. Conclusiones: La relación entre autoestima y ansiedad, es negativa y estadísticamente significativa, observando que a una mayor autoestima los estudiantes presentan menor ansiedad estado y rasgo

Circadian oscillation and development-dependent expression of glycine-rich RNA binding proteins in tomato fruits

Glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins (GRPs) are involved in the modulation of the post-transcriptional processing of transcripts and participate as an output signal of the circadian clock. However, neither GRPs nor the circadian rhythmic have been studied in detail in fleshy fruits as yet. In the present work, the GRP1 gene family was analysed in Micro-Tom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit. Three highly homologous LeGRP1 genes (LeGRP1a-c) were identified. For each gene, three products were found, corresponding to the unspliced pre RNA, the mature mRNA and the alternatively spliced mRNA (preLeGRP1a-c, mLeGRP1a-c and asLeGRP1a-c, respectively). Tomato GRPs (LeGRPs) show the classic RNA recognition motif and glycine-rich region, and were found in the nucleus and in the cytosol of tomato fruit. By using different Escherichia coli mutants, it was found that LeGRP1s contained in vivo RNA-melting abilities and were able to complement the cold-sensitive phenotype of BX04 cells. Particular circadian profiles of expression, dependent on the fruits-developmental stage, were found for each LeGRP1 form. During ripening off the vine of fruits harvested at the mature green stage, the levels of all LeGRP1a-c forms drastically increased; however, incubation at 4°C prevented such increases. Analysis of the expression of all LeGRP1a-c forms suggests a positive regulation of expression in tomato fruit. Overall, the results obtained in this work reveal a complex pattern of expression of GRPs in tomato fruit, suggesting they might be involved in post-transcriptional modulation of circadian processes of this fleshy fruit.Fil: Müller, Gabriela Leticia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Triassi, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Clarisa Ester. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Falcone Ferreyra, María Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Andreo, Carlos Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Lara, Maria Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Drincovich, Maria Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); Argentin

The contribution of HIV point-of-care tests in early HIV diagnosis : community-based HIV testing monitoring in Catalonia, 1995 to 2018

Community-based HIV testing services combined with the use of point-of-care tests (POCT) have the potential to improve early diagnosis through increasing availability, accessibility and uptake of HIV testing. To describe community-based HIV testing activity in Catalonia, Spain, from 1995 to 2018, and to evaluate the impact of HIV POCT on the HIV continuum of care. A community-based network of voluntary counselling and testing services in Catalonia, Spain has been collecting systematic data on activity, process and results since 1995. A descriptive analysis was performed on pooled data, describing the data in terms of people tested and reactive screening test results. Between 1995 and 2018, 125,876 HIV tests were performed (2.1% reactive). Since the introduction of HIV POCT in 2007, a large increase in the number of tests performed was observed, reaching 14,537 tests alone in 2018 (1.3% reactive). Men who have sex with men (MSM), as a proportion of all people tested, has increased greatly over time reaching 74.7% in 2018. The highest percentage of reactive tests was found in people who inject drugs followed by MSM. The contribution of community-based HIV testing to the overall total notified cases in the Catalonia HIV registry has gradually increased, reaching 37.9% in 2018, and 70% of all MSM cases. In 2018, the percentage of individuals with a reactive screening test who were linked to care was 89.0%. Our study reinforces the important role that community-based HIV POCT has on the diagnosis of HIV in key populations

Més de 20 anys de cribratge del VIH de base comunitària a Catalunya

Cribatge; VIH; Serveis de base comunitàriaCribado; VIH; Servicios de base comunitariaScreening; HIV; Community-based servicesDescriure l’activitat de cribratge del VIH en els serveis de base comunitària que participen a la xarxa DEVO entre 1995 i 2018 per tal d’avaluar la contribució del cribratge del VIH de base comunitària al continu d’atenció al VIH

Elevated plasma reelin levels in children with autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving age-dependent gene dysregulation. Reelin is a glycoprotein that varies its expression throughout lifetime and controls cortical patterning and synaptogenesis. Brain and plasma reelin levels have been reported to be low in adults with autism; as well as in children with autism, but only when compared to control adults. Therefore, reelin expression levels in children with autism are unclear. For this reason, we compared plasma reelin levels in children with autism and children without autism (non-ASD) of similar ages to evaluate reelin expression in ASD during childhood. Plasma samples from 19 non-ASD (8.9 ± 0.8 years) and 40 children with autism (7.5 ± 0.5 years) were analyzed. We found that 50% of the children with autism displayed similar plasma reelin levels to the non-ASD group. However, the remaining 50% expressed more than 30 times more reelin compared to non-ASD levels. We also show that male children with autism displayed significantly higher reelin levels than females. The clinical presentation of this subgroup could not be distinguished from that of children with autism. Epilepsy or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was not associated to reelin levels. We conclude that the high levels of plasma reelin might be an important hallmark in a subset of children with autism, previously unnoticed. As we could not find any correlation between reelin levels and ASD clinical presentations, our results may indicate transient reelin increases in the plasma or the characterization of a group of ASD individuals with a different pathophysiology.This work was supported by grants from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (PI15/00665 and PI19-01359, co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER "Investing in your future"), by the Direcció General d’Universitat, Investigació i Ciència, GVA (AICO/2018/090) and through CIBERNED (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain). We also acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, through the “Severo Ochoa” Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2017-0723).Peer reviewe

Bifidobacterium adolescentis as a key member of the human gut microbiota in the production of GABA

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter playing a key role in anxiety and depression disorders in mammals. Recent studies revealed that members of the gut microbiota are able to produce GABA modulating the gut–brain axis response. Among members of the human gut microbiota, bifidobacteria are well known to establish many metabolic and physiologic interactions with the host. In this study, we performed genome analyses of more than 1,000 bifidobacterial strains publicly available revealing that Bifidobacterium adolescentis taxon might represent a model GABA producer in human gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the in silico screening of human/animal metagenomic datasets showed an intriguing association/correlation between B. adolescentis load and mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Interestingly, in vitro screening of 82 B. adolescentis strains allowed identifying two high GABA producers, i.e. B. adolescentis PRL2019 and B. adolescentis HD17T2H, which were employed in an in vivo trial in rats. Feeding Groningen rats with a supplementation of B. adolescentis strains, confirmed the ability of these microorganisms to stimulate the in vivo production of GABA highlighting their potential implication in gut–brain axis interactions.This work was funded by the EU Joint Programming Initiative—A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (JPI HDHL, https://www.healthydietforhealthylife.eu/) to MV (in conjunction with MIUR, Italy). IPLA was funded by the projects RTI2018-096339-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE), RTI2018-095021-J-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) and IDI_2018_000236 (PCTI Govierno Principado de Asturias / FEDER); H. Tamés acknowledges the “Severo Ochoa” Research grant from the Government of “Principado de Asturias”. We thank GenProbio srl for financial support of the Laboratory of Probiogenomics. Part of this research is conducted using the High Performance Computing (HPC) facility of the University of Parma. Thanks are given to Isabel Cuesta, from the Technical Services of IPLA-CSIC, and Diana Luaces for their excellent technical assistance.Peer reviewe

Més de 20 anys de cribratge del VIH de base comunitària a Catalunya

Cribatge; VIH; Serveis de base comunitàriaCribado; VIH; Servicios de base comunitariaScreening; HIV; Community-based servicesDescriure l’activitat de cribratge del VIH en els serveis de base comunitària que participen a la xarxa DEVO entre 1995 i 2018 per tal d’avaluar la contribució del cribratge del VIH de base comunitària al continu d’atenció al VIH

The role of bronchoscopy in patients with sars-cov-2 pneumonia

Altres ajuts: Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR, PII 2020).Background The role of bronchoscopy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a matter of debate. Patients and methods This observational multicentre study aimed to analyse the prognostic impact of bronchoscopic findings in a consecutive cohort of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Patients were enrolled at 17 hospitals from February to June 2020. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 1027 bronchoscopies were performed in 515 patients (age 61.5±11.2 years; 73% men), stratified into a clinical suspicion cohort (n=30) and a COVID-19 confirmed cohort (n=485). In the clinical suspicion cohort, the diagnostic yield was 36.7%. In the COVID-19 confirmed cohort, bronchoscopies were predominantly performed in the intensive care unit (n=961; 96.4%) and major indications were: difficult mechanical ventilation (43.7%), mucus plugs (39%) and persistence of radiological infiltrates (23.4%). 147 bronchoscopies were performed to rule out superinfection, and diagnostic yield was 42.9%. There were abnormalities in 91.6% of bronchoscopies, the most frequent being mucus secretions (82.4%), haematic secretions (17.7%), mucus plugs (17.6%), and diffuse mucosal hyperaemia (11.4%). The independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were: older age (OR 1.06; p<0.001), mucus plugs as indication for bronchoscopy (OR 1.60; p=0.041), absence of mucosal hyperaemia (OR 0.49; p=0.041) and the presence of haematic secretions (OR 1.79; p=0.032). Conclusion Bronchoscopy may be indicated in carefully selected patients with COVID-19 to rule out superinfection and solve complications related to mechanical ventilation. The presence of haematic secretions in the distal bronchial tract may be considered a poor prognostic feature in COVID-19

The role of bronchoscopy in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia

Background: The role of bronchoscopy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a matter of debate. Patients and methods: This observational multicentre study aimed to analyse the prognostic impact of bronchoscopic findings in a consecutive cohort of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Patients were enrolled at 17 hospitals from February to June 2020. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 1027 bronchoscopies were performed in 515 patients (age 61.5±11.2 years; 73% men), stratified into a clinical suspicion cohort (n=30) and a COVID-19 confirmed cohort (n=485). In the clinical suspicion cohort, the diagnostic yield was 36.7%. In the COVID-19 confirmed cohort, bronchoscopies were predominantly performed in the intensive care unit (n=961; 96.4%) and major indications were: difficult mechanical ventilation (43.7%), mucus plugs (39%) and persistence of radiological infiltrates (23.4%). 147 bronchoscopies were performed to rule out superinfection, and diagnostic yield was 42.9%. There were abnormalities in 91.6% of bronchoscopies, the most frequent being mucus secretions (82.4%), haematic secretions (17.7%), mucus plugs (17.6%), and diffuse mucosal hyperaemia (11.4%). The independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were: older age (OR 1.06; p<0.001), mucus plugs as indication for bronchoscopy (OR 1.60; p=0.041), absence of mucosal hyperaemia (OR 0.49; p=0.041) and the presence of haematic secretions (OR 1.79; p=0.032). Conclusion: Bronchoscopy may be indicated in carefully selected patients with COVID-19 to rule out superinfection and solve complications related to mechanical ventilation. The presence of haematic secretions in the distal bronchial tract may be considered a poor prognostic feature in COVID-19