Clinical Presentation of COVID-19: A Systematic Review Focusing on Upper Airway Symptoms

Aim: Pharyngodynia, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, smell, and taste dysfunctions could be the presenting symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The aim was to perform a systematic review of current evidences on clinical presentation of COVID-19, focusing on upper airway symptoms in order to help otolaryngologists identifying suspected cases. Methods: We searched PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases. Results: We included 5 retrospective clinical studies for a total of 1556 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 57.5% were male and mean age was 49.1 years. Pooled data revealed that pharyngodynia was present in 12.4% of patients, nasal congestion in 3.7%, and rhinorrhea was rare. No reports on COVID-19 and olfactory/gustative disorders matched inclusion criteria but preliminary evidences suggested they could be present. Common symptoms were fever (85.6%), cough (68.7%), and fatigue (39.4%). Frequent comorbidities were hypertension (17.4%), diabetes (3.8%), and coronary heart disease (3.8%); 83% of patients had alterations on chest computed tomography that were bilateral in 89.5% of cases. Ground-glass opacity was the most common finding (50%). Lymphopenia (77.2%) and leucopenia (30.1%) were common. Critical cases with complications were 9%, intensive care unit admission was required in 7.3%, invasive ventilation in 3.4%, and mortality was 2.4%. Conclusion: Otolaryngologists should know that pharyngodynia, nasal congestion, olfactory, and gustative disorders could be the presenting symptoms of COVID-19. Clinical presentation together with radiological and laboratory findings could help to identify suspected cases

Francesco Paolo Casavola, ovvero «l'etica dell'apprendimento»

Si esaminano alcuni profili metodologici che, attraverso il lavoro di parecchie generazioni di studiosi, hanno caratterizzato la scienza giuridica occidentale in epoca moderna, partendo dalla complessa esperienza di Roma antica. Si pone in risalto, in particolare, la fisionomia scientifica di un maestro e giurista come Francesco Paolo Casavola: uno stile sapido e incisivo accompagna sempre il concetto giuridico, l’idea che si viene dipanando, generando una prosa sapiente e raffinata. Sui binari segnati dalla memoria e dalla storia si aprono squarci su realtà che riemergono dal passato per suggerire al presente nuovi spunti di riflessione

Análisis del impacto de los mensajes de Wikileaks en el Gobierno de Rafael Correa desde la prensa escrita

The evolution of technology in recent years has crossed borders worldwide, transforming social behaviors, lifestyles and multiple ways to communicate through the digital era. the same which includes a specialized, knowledgeable, quick, efficient society, for information, to communicate and develop projects related to your search. This search and inquiry you have made the researcher, student, elprofesional, ensílasociedad traced margins deconducta dede dependence to the internet and Portuguese. I forexample; effective information simultane, attractive, these requirements gradually made an especially journalism and the media transform their content and provide needs to cibernautaLa evolución de la tecnología en los últimos años ha traspasado fronteras a nivel mundial, transformando conductas sociales, estilos de vida y múltiples maneras de comunicarse a través de la era digital. La misma que engloba a una sociedad especializada, informada, rápida, eficaz, para conseguir información, para comunicarse y elaborar proyectos afines a su búsqueda. Esta búsqueda e indagación que ha realizado el investigador, el estudiante, elprofesional,ensílasociedad ha trazado márgenes deconducta dede pendencia hacia e luso del internet. Porejemplo; información eficaz, simultane, atrayente, estas exigencias paulatinamente an hecho que principalmente el periodismo y los medios de comunicación transformen sus contenidos y brinden las necesidades al cibernaut

The Northern Adriatic Forecasting System for Circulation and Biogeochemistry: Implementation and Preliminary Results

This paper described the implementation of a forecasting system of the coupled physical and biogeochemical state of the northern Adriatic Sea and discussed the preliminary results. The forecasting system is composed of two components: the NEMO general circulation model and the BFM biogeochemical model. The BFM component includes an explicit benthic pelagic coupling providing fluxes at the sediment-water interface and the dynamic of the major benthic state variables. The system is forced by atmospheric forcing from a limited-area model and by available land-based (river runoff and nutrient load) data. The preliminary results were validated against available remote and in situ observations. The validation effort indicated a good performance of the system in defining the basin scale characteristics, while locally the forecasting model performance seemed mostly impaired by the uncertainties in the definition of the land-based forcing

Exotic atoms at extremely high magnetic fields: the case of neutron star atmosphere

The presence of exotic states of matter in neutron stars (NSs) is currently an open issue in physics. The appearance of muons, kaons, hyperons, and other exotic particles in the inner regions of the NS, favored by energetic considerations, is considered to be an effective mechanism to soften the equation of state (EoS). In the so-called two-families scenario, the softening of the EoS allows for NSs characterized by very small radii, which become unstable and convert into a quark stars (QSs). In the process of conversion of a NS into a QS material can be ablated by neutrinos from the surface of the star. Not only neutron-rich nuclei, but also more exotic material, such as hypernuclei or deconfined quarks, could be ejected into the atmosphere. In the NS atmosphere, atoms like H, He, and C should exist, and attempts to model the NS thermal emission taking into account their presence, with spectra modified by the extreme magnetic fields, have been done. However, exotic atoms, like muonic hydrogen $(p\,\mu^-)$ or the so-called Sigmium $(\Sigma^+\,e^-)$, could also be present during the conversion process or in its immediate aftermath. At present, analytical expressions of the wave functions and eigenvalues for these atoms have been calculated only for H. In this work, we extend the existing solutions and parametrizations to the exotic atoms $(p\,\mu^-)$ and $(\Sigma^+\,e^-)$, making some predictions on possible transitions. Their detection in the spectra of NS would provide experimental evidence for the existence of hyperons in the interior of these stars.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, proceedings of the "International Conference on Exotic Atoms and Related Topics - EXA2017", Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria, September 11-15, 201

Premessa

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Mecanismos para medir las relaciones interpersonales en el cumplimiento de metas del talento humano de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito unión mercedaria del cantón Latacunga

The research that we present with the Topic “Mechanisms to improve the interpersonal relationships in the fulfill of goals of human talent at Unión Mercedaria saving and credit Cooperative in Latacunga City” has the purpose to improve interpersonal relationships between employees, the same consists some fundamental categories which are detailed: inquiry of thesis, bibliographic documents, and websites among others. They allowed us to develop this research. At the same time the information of financial institution was studied, which was our study object, methods and research techniques was applied which were used to collect information from the all workers of the cooperative….La investigación que se presenta a continuación con el Tema “Mecanismos para medir las relaciones Interpersonales en el cumplimiento de metas del talento humano de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Unión Mercedaria del Cantón Latacunga” tiene como finalidad mejorar las relaciones interpersonales entre los empleados, el mismo que mediante la indagación de: tesis, documentos bibliográficos, páginas de internet entre otros, nos permitió desarrollar la investigación y por medio de contenidos científicos, avalar la propuesta. A su vez se plasmó la información de la Entidad Financiera que fue objeto de nuestro estudio, se aplicaron métodos y técnicas de investigación, las cuales sirvieron para recolectar información de parte de todos los trabajadores…

a critical look into stapedotomy learning curve influence of patient characteristics and different criteria defining success

Purpose: To evaluate stapedotomy learning curve with cumulative summation methodology using different success criteria (ie, air-bone gap [ABG] ≤10 dB, ABG ≤15 dB, restoration of interaural symmetry, or hearing threshold gain >20 dB), and to assess patient characteristics influencing or modifying the learning curve. Methods: Retrospective chart review of primary and revision stapedotomy cases performed by surgeon 1 (S1, n = 78) and surgeon 2 (S2, n = 85). Results: Using the classic criterion for a successful stapedotomy (ABG ≤10 dB), patients with preoperative ABG >34 dB were associated with unsuccessful procedures (S1 P = .02; S2 P = .07). Revision surgery was associated with unsuccessful outcomes (S1 P = .005; S2 P = .0012). Cumulative summation plots using different criteria did not show a linear trend of association between stapedotomy success and number of operations, but preoperative characteristics of the patients who underwent stapedotomy significantly influenced the plots. Cumulative summation plots showed an initial increasing tendency with improving results, but when ear surgeons got more skilled, they operated on more complex cases (ie, patients with higher preoperative ABG or revision stapedotomy) and they could not meet the success criteria. Conclusions: Cumulative summation plots do not seem useful to evaluate the stapedotomy learning curve, as they do not correctly deal with heterogeneous case series. The increasing complexity of the stapedotomy patients during the surgeons' career impacts on the outcome of stapedotomy and confounds the evaluation of the growing skills of the surgeon. Stapedotomy audiological success rates are strongly influenced by the success criteria used

Genome-wide characterisation and expression profile of the grapevine ATL ubiquitin ligase family reveal biotic and abiotic stress-responsive and development-related members

The Arabidopsis T\uf3xicos en Levadura (ATL) protein family is a class of E3 ubiquitin ligases with a characteristic RING-H2 Zn-finger structure that mediates diverse physiological processes and stress responses in plants. We carried out a genome-wide survey of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) ATL genes and retrieved 96 sequences containing the canonical ATL RING-H2 domain. We analysed their genomic organisation, gene structure and evolution, protein domains and phylogenetic relationships. Clustering revealed several clades, as already reported in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa), with an expanded subgroup of grapevine-specific genes. Most of the grapevine ATL genes lacked introns and were scattered among the 19 chromosomes, with a high level of duplication retention. Expression profiling revealed that some ATL genes are expressed specifically during early or late development and may participate in the juvenile to mature plant transition, whereas others may play a role in pathogen and/or abiotic stress responses, making them key candidates for further functional analysis. Our data offer the first genome-wide overview and annotation of the grapevine ATL family, and provide a basis for investigating the roles of specific family members in grapevine physiology and stress responses, as well as potential biotechnological applications

An updated portrait of monocyte-macrophages in classical Hodgkin lymphoma

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a unique neoplastic ecosystem characterized by a heterogeneous immune infiltrate surrounding the rare malignant Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells. Though less abundant than T-cells, tumor-infiltrating macrophages play a pivotal role in supporting HRS survival through cell-to-cell and paracrine interactions. Traditional immunohistochemistry based upon the M1-M2 dichotomy yielded controversial results about the composition, functional role and prognostic impact of macrophages in cHL. More recent studies exploiting single-cell technologies and image analyses have highlighted the heterogeneity and the peculiar spatial arrangement of the macrophagic infiltrate, with the most immunosuppressive subpopulations lying in close proximity of HRS cells and the most tumor-hostile subsets kept far away from the neoplastic niches. High-throughput analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cHL patients have also identified a novel, potentially cytotoxic, subpopulation predicting better response to PD-1 blockade. This review examines the phenotypic profile, spatial localization and clinical impact of tumor-infiltrating macrophages and circulating monocytes in cHL, providing an up-do-date portrait of these innate immune cells with possible translational applications